GCSE History AQA 9142 - www.aqa.org.uk
Unit 1A: Medicine Through Time
Knowledge
Disease and Infection
Medicine in the Ancient World, 10,000BC to c500AD
Prehistoric Societies: magic and supernatural, any natural, parallel with Aboriginal societies
Ancient Egypt: supernatural and natural, priests, doctors.
Ancient Greece: Cult of Asklepios, Four Humours, Hippocratic medicine.
Ancient Rome: influence of Greek medicine, miasma theory
Key Individuals: Aristotle, Hippocrates, Galen
Medieval and Renaissance Medicine, c500 to c1700
Fall of the Roman Empire and impact on medicine
The nature and importance of Islamic medicine
The impact of superstition and Christianity on medieval medicine.
The medieval doctor: training and treatments.
Black Death: cause and treatment
Continuing traditional methods: bleeding, wise women
Key Individuals: Rhazes, Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Paracelsus
Medicine in the Industrial and Modern World, c1700 to present day
Vaccination: Who, when, why, how and impact?
Germ Theory: Who, when, why, how and impact?
Magic Bullets: Who, when, why, how and impact?
Penicillin: Who, when, why, how and impact?
Development of Nursing and the role of women in medicine.
Role of the World Health Organisation (WHO) in fighting disease.
Modern health issues: AIDS, problem drugs, alternative medicine, superbugs, genetic engineering.
Key individuals: Jenner, Seacole, Nightingale, Pasteur, Koch, Blackwell, Garrett Anderson, Ehlrich,
Fleming, Florey and Chain, Crick and Watson
Surgery and the Anatomy
Surgery and the Anatomy in the Ancient World, c10,000BC to c500AD
Prehistoric Societies: surgery (trephining), parallels with aboriginal societies.
Ancient Egypt: Egyptian anatomy (mummification), surgery, supernatural and natural approaches
Ancient Greece: Greek Surgery, dissection in Alexandria
Ancient Rome: the influence of Greek knowledge, surgery (Gladiator and army surgeons)
Key Individuals: Aristotle, Hippocrates, Galen
Medieval and Renaissance Surgery and the Anatomy, c500 to c1700
The fall of the Roman empire and impact on knowledge
The nature and importance of Islamic knowledge
Medieval surgical techniques and knowledge (Crusades)
The impact of superstition and Christianity on medieval knowledge (no dissection)
Challenging medical authority: improved knowledge of anatomy and physiology (dissection)(art)
Continuing traditional methods: bleeding,
Key Individuals: Rhazes, Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Vesalius, Pare, Harvey
Surgery in the Industrial and Modern World, c1700 to present day
Three key problems: pain, infection, bleeding
Developments in anaesthetics
Development s in antiseptics and aseptic surgery
Impact of war (WWI and WWII) on surgery: plastic surgery and blood transfusions
Impact of technology on surgery: X-rays, transplants, radiation therapy, keyhole surgery
Public Health
Public Health in the Pre-Industrial World, pre-1750
Greek public health and the importance of healthy living
Public Health facilities in the Roman period
Public Health in the Middle Ages: The impact of the fall of the Roman Empire
Public Health in Medieval Europe: attempts to improve (Islamic World)
Public Health Problems: plagues and attempts at prevention (Black Death 1349 and Great Plague 1665)
Public Health in Medieval Europe: attempts to improve (the Church)
Public Health in Medieval Europe: reasons for lack of development
Public Health after the Industrial Revolution, c1750-c1900
Health problems in industrial cities after c1750. What, where, why, impact?
Epidemics (quickly spreading diseases): What (e.g. cholera), when, why, impact, attempts to stop?
Changing role of national and local government in Public Health: what, when, where, why, what, how?
Public Health activists and reports
Public Health Acts 1848 and 1875
Key Individuals: Chadwick, Snow, Octavia Hill
Public Health since c.1900
Progress in knowledge -Pupil Tracker
Nature of poverty c1900.
Liberal Social Reforms 1906-1911
Impact of war (WWI & WW II) on Health e.g. homes for heroes, Emergency Medical Service, new towns.
Public Health problems 1919-1939: unemployment, poverty and slums.
The National Health Service 1946-48: Who, why, how, what, impact on public health?
Improved public health in the late 20th century?: who, why, how, what (e.g. campaigns such as
anti-smoking), impact?
Key individuals: Booth, Rowntree, Lloyd-George, Beveridge, Bevan
Key GCSE Skills
Evidence:
Getting information from a source.
Use your own knowledge to describe information from a source.
Compare the information inside sources.
Analyse why sources are different using the 5W’s (Who, What, When, Where, Why etc.) or Factors
(Science, Warfare, Politics etc.).
Argument:
Use a range of factors/reasons/time periods. (PEE)
Give examples to support your answer. (PEE)
Focus on the question and explain your Points. (PEE)
Overall Judgement (importance/significance)
SPAG (Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar)