Chemical Reactions and Enzymes Chemical Reactions • A process that changes, or transforms one set of chemicals into another Reactant (+ Reactants) Product or Products Reactants on the left Products on the right CO2+H2O H2CO3 H2CO3CO2+H2O Chemical reactions always involve changes in chemical bonds. Energy in Reactions • Chemical reactions that release energy often occur spontaneously. • Chemical reactions that absorb energy will not occur without a source of energy. • The energy release is usually in the form of heat, light, or sound. Activation Energy Enzymes • Enzymes act as catalysts • A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction. • Enzymes speed up chemical reactions that take place in cells. Enzyme Action • Enzymes are very specific, catalyzing only one reaction. • Their name is derived from the reaction it catalyzes. • Enzymes provide a site where reactants can be brought together to react. • This reduces energy needed for reaction • The reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions are known as substrates • enzymes in action Assignment Answer p. 53 1-5 Complete Analyzing Data p. 51 1-6
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