March 10, 1931.
|__ P_ STOREY‘
1,795,579
ROTARY PUMP
Filed April 7, 1927
4 Sheets-Sheet 2
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Patented
1,795,519
10, 1931
‘UNITED STATES
PATENT ol-"rics
LEONIDAS "P. STOREY, , OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, AS‘SIGNOB OF ONE-BALI‘ TO
WATEROU$ FIRE ENGINE WORKS, INC OBPORATED, OF ST. PAUL,
A, A
CORPORATION OF MINNESOTA
'
ROTARY 2m
Application ?led April 7, 1927. Serial no.’ ‘181,752.
This device relates to improvements in ro'-~ eliminate the necessity of such troublesome
tary pumps, an object of the invention being adjustments.
' to obtain a hydrostatic'balance of the pump
_ The rotors when left free to assume their
rotors, in an axial direction, to prevent or own position between the pump heads will
5 reduce friction .between the lateral faces of tend to drift axially against one of the heads
the rotors or gears and the. pump or pump
thereby reducing the original clearance to
heads.
zero on one side and doubling'the clearance
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.
55
The e?iciency of a rotary‘ pump depends on the opposite side. -Under these conditions,
'upon the close adjustment between the lat _ the ?uid on the pressure side of the pump is
interposed between those faces which provide
responding opposing faces of the body or of the larger clearance, resulting inpincreased
10 eral faces of the gears or rotors and the cor
the heads of the pump.
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_
Y
a f ' ()rdinarily the rotors are rigidly attached
friction and wear on the opposite face; This
lessens the e?iciency of the unit, and it is an
to the‘ shafts, and revolve closely yet freely object of this invention to prevent this end
15 between the two pump heads, the total lateral
‘ wear.
Moreover, when a lateral face of a
clearance being approximately one thou
rotor rubs the corresponding lateral faceof
sandth of an'inch on each side. This is the the pump head, no 'lu ricating ?lm is had on
running clearance. The shafts are supported the closed side and therefore, considerable
in pairs usually attached either to'the pump friction is had between these faces. In order
20- heads or to the pump body. The hydraulic to counteract such conditions, - the de 70
load is applied at right'angles to the axis of vice herein provides automatically operable
" shaft which imposes a load fully radial on‘ means whereby relief'on each‘ side of the
the bearings, which thus ordinarily function vrotor is obtained; This is accomplished by
as radial bearings. However, where ball or providing means for equalizing the pressures
25 roller bearings are used, the end thrust capa on opposite sides of the rotors orgears. This 75
bilities of these bearings are sometimes uti
lized in an endeavor to mechanically adjust
the rotors of the pump in an axial direction
,to obtain a certain predetermined “relief”
30 between the lateral face of the pump and‘ the
area of relief is provided by forming recesses .
in the rotors or heads. By the device herein,
a condition of ’semihydraulic balance is cre; .
ated which when supplemented with the ?uid
?lmcaused by the adhesion of the ‘?uid to the. 80
corresponding face of the pump‘v or'of the revolving rotor, a condition of full hydraulic
pump heads, thereby preventing or reducing ' balance is arrived at, so that both lateral end'
the amount of frictional contact between faces of the rotor automatically revolve free .
these surfaces. This adjustment is a very ?ne from metallic contact with the heads. ’ ‘
Objects of the invention are, therefore,-to
'35 one, and is difficult to obtain._ In practice
reduce
friction and~,_ther_efore, wear; to gen
this clearance varies from one-thousandth to
‘two-thousandths or fourteen-thousandths ‘of
erally increase ‘pump e?iciency ;‘ to increase
an inch, depending upon the- liquid to be life ofthe units; to reduce the cost of up-keep ;
pumped. ‘Water requires smaller clearance." to eliminate mechanical adjustment; to pro-'
m The general rule is that the more viscous the vide a device whichfunctions properly with
90
liquid the greater the clearance. The neces- - any and all liquids; which properly functlons
sity for ?ne adjustment, coupled with the dis regardless of changes of temperature‘; which
, 45
axial or lateral equihbrium;
similarity of the materials used in the. con— providesposituive
which eliminates the 'necesslty or Inmute
struction of the pump create conditions _ micro-metric adjustments; WhlCh permits the 95
which vary with'changes in temperature and ' use of dissimilar materials in the manufacture
require a complete understanding and con
of the pump without in any way» affecting the
siderable mechanical ability on the part of proper operation; which enables a hi her
the operator to obtain the proper adjust pressure to be maintained, without excee :ng
50 ments. It is'an object‘ of this invention to a safe pressure per umt area on any rubbing ‘10c
2
1,795,579
surfaces; which eliminates the necessity for removable plate 30 and the bearing 23 is
capped by plate 31 carr ing a stu?ing box 32
use of external thrust bearings; which is auto
matic in adjustment; which functions equally
well in singular or multiple-rotor rotary
5 pumps; which does not require external
as shown. Each‘ sha t_ 10 has connected
thereto a synchronizingL gear 35. The func
tion ofthese meshed gears is to properly time
lubrication, and which is safe, simple and cer-' the operation of the rotors so that the lobes
or teeth are always properlyrelated.
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'
In this form of the device, I provide semi
Features of the invention include all the
details of construction of the various forms circular depressions 40, two for each rotor,
tain in operation.
10
described, as well as the broader features of and these depressions are formed in the lat- n
the invention which provide means for auto eral faces of the heads, two for each head and
matically equalizing pressures on opposite face toward the corresponding lateral faces
lateral faces of the rotors, and on the delivery of the rotors. These depressions or passages
side of the pump.
40 are arranged on the pressure side of the
~
Advantages of the device will be more fully pump and the pump heads are bored to pro- 89
set forth in the description of the drawings vide the passages 41 each communicating with .
forming a part of this application and in a passage 40 substantially as shown. The
said drawings
‘
upper ends of the bores are plugged as at 45.
a
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal sectional Aligned cross bores 46—47 are I provided
view on the line 1—1 of Figure 2 illustrating which connect the pairs of bores 41.
During operation of the pump let it be sup
one form of my invention;
Figure 2 is a view with one of the'pump posed that the rotors drift into contact, for
heads removed showing the arrangement of example with the head 16, the tendency would
be to eject the li uid which normally lies be
the relief’ or equalizing passages;
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25
tween the rotor aces and the opposing faces
Figure 3 shows a modi?cation of the inven
tal frictional contact between the surfaces.
In addition, inasmuch as more liquid, under
these conditions, would tend to enter at the
opposite side of the rotors between them and
the opposing face of the head 15, the tendency
would be to more forcibly engage the faces
at the opposite side. However, as the result
recessed, this ?gure being taken on line 5—5 of semi-circular passages 40, and the ports
40
90
tion, taken on line 3—3 of Figure 4, inwhich of the head which would result in a detrimen
the relief is obtained across the working
faces of the rotors between the teeth; ~
Figure 4 is an elevation with one of the
pump
heads removed viewed in a direction
30
.
indicated by line 4-4 of Figure 3 ;
Figures 5 and 6 are views of another modi
?cation in which the faces of the rotors are
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85
95
41——46—~47, an equalization of the pressure 100
can take place which balances the rotor in
proper relation to the lateral faces of the
of Figure 6;
Figure 6 is an elevation viewed in a direc
tion indicated by line 6——6 of Figure 5 ;
Figure 7 shows another modi?cation in heads preventing the liquid ?lm from being
which a single relief passage occupies the forced from between the opposing lateral sur
upper half and extends entlrely across the faces. If the liquid ?lm has been" momen~ 105
faces of the heads. This ?gure is a section tarily destroyed or ex elIed, the device herein
such equalization of pressure as will
taléen approximately on line 7—7 of Figure 8; causes
restore the ?lm thus obtaining hydraulic bal
an
-
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,
Figure 8 is an elevation with one of the
heads removed, the view being in a direction
indicated by line 8—8 of Figure 7.
50
The numeral 1 indicates the pump body, 2
represents the intake or suction'port, 3 indi
cates the discharge or pressure port. The
body provides a pump rotor chamber 5, hav~
ing properl ?tted therein the gears or rotors
6, having t eir lobes or teeth 8 in meshed
,
In the design of pump shown in Figures 1 1 ,0
and 2, the rotors have comparatively shallow
teeth which permits the use of the semi-annu
lar recesses shown at 40. However, the shapes
of the rotors vary so that different pressure
equalization means are necessary. For ex- 115
ample, if the teeth are long, the body of the
rotor may be brought nearer the shaft; in
other words, the indentations of the teeth may
relation and designed in this instance to be
of such depth as to materially reduce the
rotate in a direction of the arrow.
as
ance.
Each rotor is supported byv a. shaft 10
which is journaled in the pump heads 15——16
as castings providing closure for the gear
chamber. Each shaft is held in bearings one
in each head. The bearings are shown at
lateral face areas of the rotor. For this rea- 1%
son, the‘ arrangements shown respectively in
Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are devised. The
forms of the invention shown in these ?gures
would also be applicable to rotors having a
solid body and laterally extending blades.
In the form of the invention shown in Fig
gagementwith lateral tubular extension 26
ures
7 and 8,_the rotor relief extends approxi
as stui?ng boxes. Suitable packing 27 sur
rounds the shaft within the tubular space so mately ?fty per cent of the lateral area of the
formed. Bearings 22-—.23 are of ordinary rotors, and'this construction is adaptable to
06 ball type. The bearing 22 is cazppedl by a practically all kinds of pumps providing that 130
60 ' 22—23, the glands 20-21 have threaded en
:3
1,795,519
the suction and discharge inlets are located ' municating passages for equalizing the pres
one hundred ei hty degrees or farther apart. sure at opposite faces of the rotors.
Althou h su stantially' the same type of .
.10
>
rotor has con shown in all the ?gures of the that one of . the constructional features of
drawing, it will be understood that the forms the pump is the arrangement of the bearings
of the ‘invention disclosed in Figuresl3, 4, 5, 22 "so that they are free to move inan axial
6, 7 and 8 are particularly designed for use direction to permit adjustment of the lateral
where the rotor has a large lateral face area. faces of the rotors to maintain the ?uid ?lm
In the form of the device shown in Figures between these lateral faces and the opposing
3 and 4 the passages are provided in a man corresponding faces of the heads. In other
ner to obtain inter-coinmunication and Words, the lateral faces of the bearings 22
equalization across the ‘working faces ofthe are free from any axial abutment against
gears, or between the teeth. 7
5
_
By inspection of Figure 1, it will be noted
70
the housin so that their movement ‘in a di
In this case radially arranged pockets or rection axially of the shaft is permitted.
passages are provided in the lateral faces of This is done for the reason above mentioned
l I the pump heads. These passages as depres
80
and also so as to have a ?exible medium which
sions facing toward the» rotors are indicated will take care of any undue expansion of the
at 50. In this instance the ?uid can enter the mechanical parts of the pump.
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pockets on both sides of the rotors, the inter
I claim as my invention:
_
20 communication in this instance being had, as -
1. In a rotary pump including a body hav
before stated, across the working face of the ing a rotor chamber, intake and discharge
rotor. .This is clearly shown in .Figure 4, passages communicating with the chamber,
where it will be seen that certain of the pas rotors in the chamber interposed between the
sages 50 are exposed between the rotor teeth passages, conduits for each rotor opening
25 and others are hidden behind the teeth.
against opposite side faces of the rotors, with
30
35
90
Figures 5 and‘6 illustrate a form substan the corresponding conduits of each rotor in- _
tially the same as that illustrated in Figures 1 tercommunicating through the body. .
a
and 2 with the exception that the rotors them
2. In a rotary pump including a body hav
selves are provided ,_ on opposite side faces ing' a rotor chamber, intake and discharge
with the passages, as depressions, facing to? passages communicating with the ‘chamber, '
ward the pump heads. * These depressions‘ are rotors Within the chamber located between
indicated at 55 and are radially arranged sub the, passages, and passages arranged on the
stantially in the same manner as those shown discharge side of the pump laterally with re
in Figure 4. Here an arrangement is pro spect to the engaging faces of rotors and
vided whereby the depressions or passages 40 pump body, said last mentioned passages in >100
communicate with the depressions 55 of the tercommunicating, to equalize pressure at op
rotors, when these depressions arrive in oppo- - posite faces of the rotors, and thereacross at '
- sition to the depressions 40.
' In the modi?cation shown in Figures 7 and
40
45
50
points beyond the periphery.
3. In a rotary pump including a'body hav
8, the faces of the heads or body of the pump ing-a rotor chamber, intake and discharge 105
are each provided’with a passage 60 which passages communicating with the chamber
in this instance is. formed by cutting away and rotors within the chamber located be-'
these surfaces downwardly to a point 61 dia tween the passages, passages arranged on the
metric to and passing through the axes of the discharge side of the pump at the lateral faces
rotors. , In this case'the clearance is had across of rotors andpump body, said last mentioned 110
the rotor face as in the forms shown in Fig passages arranged to intercommunicate at
ures 3, 4, 5 and 6. ’
- points beyond the working faces of the rotors. .
The various bores and lateral depressions
4. In a rotary pump including a body hav~
in the rotors and in thewalls of the pump ing a rotor chamber, intake and discharge
heads, or in the walls of the pump body may passages communicatin _with the chamber, 115
be considered as passages arranged on the rotors within the chem er located between
discharge side of thepump, between the lat the passages, conduits arran ed ‘on the diseral faces of the rotors and'pump body, and charge side of the pump at t e lateral faces
these passages may in eachcase be viewed as of the r‘?ors and pump body, said conduits
intercommunicating in a manner ‘to. obtain intercommunicating, at points beyond their
_
120
equalization of the hydrostatic pressure at
5. In a rotary pump including a body hav
opposite side faces of the rotors and between
ing
a rotor chamber, intake and discharge
the lateral faces of the rotors and the corre—
passages communicating with the chamber,‘
sponding faces of the pump body or heads. rotors
within the chamber located between the 120
Moreover, these various depressions and passages,
passages arranged on the discharge
bores may be considered as conduits arranged side of theapump laterally with respect to
-on the discharge side of the pump in opposi _the engaging faces of the rotors and pump
tion to the lateral faces of the rotors and body, said last mentioned passages intercom
130
65" pump body or heads to provide intercom mumcating.
"
peripheries.
.
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~
4
6. In a rotary pump including a body hav
ing a rotor chamber, rotors in the chamber,
intake and discharge passages communicat- 7
ing with the chamber respectively at opposite
sides of the rotors, conduits associated with
lateral faces of each rotor to include a sub
stantial area of each rotor face with corre—
sponding conduits on opposite sides of each
rotor intercommunicating _at a point beyond
the periphery of the rotor.
’
7. In a rotary pump including a body hav
ing a rotor chamber, rotors in the chamber,
' intake and discharge passages communicat
ing with the chamber respectively at oppo
site sides of the rotors, conduitsassociated
15
with lateral faces of each rotor, and arranged I’
radially to include a substantial area of each -
rotor face, with corresponding conduits on
opposite sides of each rotor inter-communi
20
cating at a- point beyond the periphery of
the rotor.
'
8. In a rotary pump including a body hav
ing a rotor chamber, rotors in the chamber,
intake and discharge passages communicat
1
25
c
-
.
ing with the chamber respectively at oppo~
site sides of the rotors, conduits associated
w1th lateral faces of each rotor, on-the pres
. sure or‘delivery side of the pump and includ
30
ing a substantial area ofeach rotor face, with
corresponding conduits on opposite sides of I
each rotor inter-communicating at a point
beyond the peripher of the rotor.
_ In witness whereo , I have hereunto set my
hand this 31st day bf March, 1927.
_ _
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40
45
v 6.0
LEQNIDAS P. STOREY.
.