14 April2015
2009
August
Volume
Number11
Volume
12,6,Number
Crop Watch is distributed for SARDI through Jon Lamb Communications.
Pulses
Barley leaf rust
Leaf rust of barley, unlike the wheat rusts, is able to
survive in stubbles and infect barley the following year.
It does this through the production of sexual spores
from the stubble that can infect the small bulbous
weed Star of Bethlehem (Ornithogalum umbellatum).
The fungus produces further different spores stages on
the weed that can then re-infect barley. This scenario
Predictions of blackspot spore release from infected pea
is
not common and exists only where the Star of
stubbles, made by “Blackspot Manager”, are now available
Bethlehem
that are
alsoAustralia.
used for
for the 2009occurs
season in
forpaddocks
ten sites across
South
the growing of barley. For the full infection cycle to
Developed by Department of Agriculture and Food Western
occur,
it is necessary for the weed to be close to both
Australia (DAFWA), these updates can be accessed at the
infected
website -barley straw from the previous year in order to
become infected and also close to young barley plants
http://www.agric.wa.gov.au/cropdiseases under ‘Crop
to
receive the inoculum as the infective spores are
disease forecast 2009’ ‘South Australia’
unlikely to travel far.
“Blackspot Manager”
available on website
for 2009
Interpretation of how to use the output is included on
Itthe
had
been thought that the only area where this
website.
situation
occurred
was on every
the lower
Yorke until
Peninsula
The outputs
will be updated
1-2 weeks
mid
where
the weed
has
been data
a problem
a longand
time
June, using
current
weather
to helpfor
growers
and
where barley
is widely
grown in
closedates
rotations.
agronomists
determine
the optimum
sowing
for
field
peas.
In
this
region, the problem has been well publicised
and
hence
measuresindicate
have been
taken over
years
These first predictions
few spores
have the
been
released
to the
lack ofofrain
over in
summer
and early
to
reduceyet,
thedue
close
rotation
barley
weed-infested
autumn. Rain in December has caused the blackspot
paddocks.
fruiting bodies to start maturation, and if rain occurs on a
We
have
nowfrom
learnt
that
a similar
situation
weekly
basis
now,
then
spores will
reach has
their existed
peak in
on
the
lower
Fleurieu
Peninsula
where
the
connection
early to mid May at most sites (blue line in graphs).
However, a delay in autumn rains will delay the spore
release
into
sowing
periods
line inwas
graphs)
increasing
between
the
disease
and (red
the rust
not known.
the
risk
of
blackspot.
A crop of Scope barley with heavy infection of leaf
Blackspot
infection reported
on field peas
is reduced
if pea crops
rust was recently
by Orville
Hildebrand
in a are
planted
after
thevery
numbers
airborne spores
have
reduced.
paddock
with
thick of
infestation
with the
Star
of
‘Blackspot
enableswas
growers
Bethlehem.Manager’
The paddock
sowninindifferent
barley regions
stubbleof
the
state to identify
thewith
risk of
blackspot
associated
with
presumably
infected
leaf
rust in 2014.
Close
particular sowing dates.
observation revealed the presence of aecia on the
Any
communication
modelwere
in South
leaves
of the weedregarding
althoughthe
insects
also Australia
busy
should
be
directed
to
Jenny
Davidson
at
SARDI,
83039389
eating out these infected leaves presumably for
the
or [email protected]
extra taste or nutrition they provided. Biological control
in action!
Cereals
Unfortunately, the barley crop will have been sending
spores to downwind destinations for a significant
period of time.
Meanwhile, Sam Holmes has tweeted the presence of
Rusts
leaf rust on the Yorke Peninsula.
There have been no reports of wheat stripe or leaf rust
Growers at risk from barley leaf rust should, therefore,
over-summering anywhere in Australia to date. Stem rust
monitor their barley crops for leaf rust to ensure
has however been observed on volunteer cereals in northeffective early control of this disease.
ern NSW and southern Western Australia. Barley leaf rust is
Wheat
leaf on
rust
has been
observed
in aWestern
long season
also
common
volunteer
barley
in southern
wheat near
Bool
Lagoon
the South-East
SA.
Australia.
Whilst
there
is no in
immediate
risk fromof
any
of This
the
is
the
new
rust
strain
with
increased
virulences
on
rusts in SA, stripe rust is likely to be present in NSW and
varieties
such
Mace,
Corack,
Scout,
rust
spores
canas
travel
largeWyalkatchem,
distances on the
wind into
Wallup
This So,
strain
was the
firstlack
observed
SA
fromand
bothRevenue.
WA and NSW.
despite
of
in SA volunteers
in 2014 and
is capable
of causing
many
in SA
through summer
andconsiderable
early autumn,
losses
this
season
unless
kept
under
good
growers should continue to take precautions to control.
manage
these diseases.
Net blotch
The precise reaction of several varieties to this new
strain is uncertain so all crops should be monitored
Recent
testing
adult
with
Recent glasshouse
glasshouse
testing of
of
adult plants
plants
with new
new
isolates
carefully
and unexpected
responses
reported
toisolates
us in
of
net
blotch
has
suggested
that
Hindmarsh
is
similar
in
of net blotch
has suggested
that Net
Hindmarsh
is
similar
SARDI
for follow
up.
blotch in
Crop
Crop Watch
Watch is
is an
an electronic
electronic newsletter
newsletter service
service
provided
by
SARDI.
provided by SARDI.
IfIf you
to
receive
this
newsletter
please
you would
would like
likeCrop
to Watch
receive
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newsletter
please
is an
electronic
newsletter
service
resistance
population
and
as
resistance as
as Keel
Keel to
to the
the new
new NFNB
NFNB
population
and not
not
as plants with
Recent
glasshouse testing
of adult
new
isolates
send
your
email
address
to
Jon
Lamb,
Jon
Lamb
provided
by
SARDI.
send
your
email
address
to
Jon
Lamb,
Jon
Lamb
susceptible
of
both
susceptible as
as previously
previously feared.
feared. The
The
rating
of suggested
both varieties
varieties
of
netrating
blotch has
that Hindmarsh
is similar in
[email protected]
Communications
If you
would like to receive this newsletter please
[email protected]
Communications
resistance
as
Keel
to
the
new
and not as
as
adult
plants
is
probably
MS
and
not
as
bad
as
Barque
Star
of
Bethlehem
in NFNB
a population
as adult plants is probably MS and not as bad as Barque
send
your
email address
to Jon Lamb, Jon Lamb
--oftitled
"Crop
Watch
request"
..
titled
"Crop
Watch
request"
susceptible
as
previously
feared.
The
rating
both
varieties
has been to the previously predominant
strain.
Baudin
on
Communications [email protected]
leaf rust
infected
crop
has been to the previously predominant
strain.
Baudin
as adult plants
is probably
MSon
and not as bad as Barque
the
new
near
Langhorne
Creek.
the other
other hand
hand is
is clearly
clearly quite
quite susceptible
susceptible
to
the
new
has been
toto
thethe
previously
predominant strain. Baudin on
the other
handNFNB
is clearlyis
susceptible to the new
population
where
aa risk.
population and
and should
should not
not be
be grown
grown
where
NFNB
isquite
risk.
- titled "Crop Watch request".
population and should not be grown where NFNB is a risk.
Most
as
to both
the
Most varieties
varieties will
will be
be susceptible
susceptible Most
as seedlings
seedlings
the as seedlings to both the
varieties will to
be both
susceptible
older
and
new
populations
of
NFNB.
Fleet
has
shown
good
older Fleet
and new
populations
NFNB. Fleet has shown good
older and new populations of NFNB.
has
shownofgood
to bothand
populations
resistance
the
adult
resistance to
to both
both populations
populations at
at resistance
the seedling
seedling
and
adult at the seedling and adult
plant stages in growth room tests.
plant
plant stages
stages in
in growth
growth room
room tests.
tests.
Aecia on leaf of
Star of Bethlehem.
FEEDBACK WELCOME
The SARDI Pathology team invites you to
contribute to this publication by reporting local
observations or commenting on items in
the newsletter.
FEEDBACK WELCOME
The
team
you
Comments
should go
to: to
The SARDI
SARDI Pathology
Pathology
team invites
invites
you
to
Hugh
Wallwork
(cereals)
contribute
to
this
publication
by
reporting
contribute to this publication by reporting local
local
[email protected],
observations
commenting
on
items
in
observations or
or
commenting
on
items
in
Jenny Davidson (pulses and oilseeds)
the
newsletter.
[email protected]
newsletter.
Lamb
with a copy
to Jon go
Comments
should
Comments
should
go to:
to:Communications
[email protected]
Hugh
Wallwork
(cereals)
Hugh
Wallwork
(cereals)otherwise the name
Unless
specifically requested
[email protected],
[email protected],
and location and/or company of the reporter may
be included
with published
comments.
Jenny
(pulses
Jenny Davidson
Davidson
(pulses and
and oilseeds)
oilseeds)
Reports,
particularly
of
early
sightings
of rusts or
[email protected]
[email protected]
where diagnosis is not certain, would have added
Jon
Lamb
with
value
if accompanied
by a paper-packed sample.
Jon
Communications
Lamb Communications
with aa copy
copy to
to
Please do not send samples in plastic bags.
[email protected]
[email protected]
Unless
specifically
Unless specifically requested
requested otherwise
otherwise the
the name
name
and
and location
location and/or
and/or company
company of
of the
the reporter
reporter may
may
be
be included
included with
with published
published comments.
comments.
Reports,
Reports, particularly
particularly of
of early
early sightings
sightings of
of rusts
rusts or
or
where
diagnosis
is
not
certain,
would
have
where diagnosis is not certain, would have added
added
value
value ifif accompanied
accompanied by
by aa paper-packed
paper-packed sample.
sample.
Please
do
samples
in
bags.
Please
do not
not send
sendalso
samples
in plastic
plasticto
bags.
Rust samples
can
be sent
direct
FEEDBACK WELCOME
The SARDI Pathology team invites you to
contribute to this publication by reporting local
observations or commenting on items in
the newsletter.
Unless specifically requested otherwise the name
and location and/or company of the reporter may
be included with published comments.
Reports, particularly of early sightings of rusts or
where diagnosis is not certain, would have added
value if accompanied by a paper-packed sample.
Please do not send samples in plastic bags.
Send samples to
Field Crop Pathology, SARDI
GPO Box 397, Adelaide SA 5001
Australian Cereal Rust Survey
Plant Breeding Institute
Private Bag 4011, Narellan NSW 2567
Comments should go to:
Hugh Wallwork (cereals)
[email protected],
Jenny Davidson (pulses and oilseeds)
[email protected]
with a copy to
Jon Lamb Communications
[email protected]