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IB BIOLOGY
M09/4/BIOLO/SPM/ENG/TZ1/XX+
2.4 Membrane
Practice
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6.
1. What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion? (SL p1 May09 TZ1 q6)
Simple diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
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3.
The diagram shows a model of a biological membrane. What do labels I, II, and III illustrate?
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3.
–
II
2. The diagram shows –a3 model
ofM08/4/BIOLO/SPM/ENG/TZ1/XX
a biological membrane.
What do labels I, II, and III illustrate? The7.
diagram:KLFKRIWKHVHSURFHVVHVUHTXLUHPLWRVLV"
shows a model of a biological membrane. What do labels I, II, and III illustrate?
(SL p1 May08 TZ1 q3) I
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1.8. Using
a light microscope, what determines the ability to distinguish between two points lying close
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together?
III
A.
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I
II
I
O
Integral protein
Peripheral protein
B. The+
preparation
A.
Integral protein
+
B.
Peripheral
protein
& 7KH¿[DWLRQ
C.
D. The
Glycoprotein
D.
Glycoprotein
+
C.
Glycoprotein
%
III
II
Hydrophobic
phosphate head
Hydrophilic phosphate
head
'
Glycoprotein
Peripheral
protein
Hydrophobic
phosphate head
D.
Glycoprotein
Photosynthesis
,,
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III.
Respiration
Glycoprotein
Integral protein
III
Peripheral+protein+
Hydrophilic phosphate
head
Peripheral protein
O
Hydrophobic
phosphate head
Hydrophilic phosphate
head
Integral protein
O
O processes may be found in prokaryotes? +
Which of O
the following
I.
B.
resolution
&
2.
III
$
+
Peripheral
protein Hydrophilic phosphate
head
Hydrophobic
phosphate head
3. Which of
the following could be a function of a membrane protein? (HL p1 May07 TZ1 q3)
IV. Protein synthesis
A. Energy storage B. Enzymatic activity
C. Oxygen uptake
D. Thermal insulation
A.
I only
4. During
what change will most likely occur in the plasma membrane of a cell?
B. Iendocytosis,
and II only
Turn over
A. It will form two phospholipid monolayers.
(SL p1 May07 TZ1 q4)
C. I, II and III only
2209-6010
B. It will become electrically charged.
II, IIIpartially
and IV
C.D. It I,will
dissolve.
D. It will form vesicles.
2208-6010
Which of the2208-6010
correctly describes exocytosis?
5.3.Which
of thefollowing
following
correctly describes exocytosis? (HL p1 May06 TZ1 q3)
Plasma
membrane
increases in size
Plasma
membrane is
pulled inwards
Membranes fuse
Vesicles
move away
from plasma
membrane
A.
No
Yes
No
Yes
B.
Yes
No
Yes
No
C.
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
D.
No
No
No
Yes
Turn over
–3–
M06/4/BIOLO/SPM/ENG/TZ1/XX
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6.3.Which
pair of characteristics areF%G%F
correct for the
cellular processes of exocytosis and endocytosis?
Which pair of characteristics are correct for the cellular processes of exocytosis and endocytosis?
(SL p1 May06 TZ1 q3)
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Exocytosis
67
Endocytosis
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A.
:7
Vesicles are moved away from the
plasma membrane
Secretion of cellular materials
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Vesicles are moved towards the
plasma membrane
Cell membranes fuse
<7 B.=&+3,($'%1#(%9,%-9',2*,)
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C.
Vesicles are moved away from the
plasma membrane
Infolding of plasma membrane
Vesicles moved towards the plasma
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D.
Plasma
membrane
increases
in size
AD%33%0-(+7 membrane
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7. What
is facilitated diffusion?
(HL p1 May05 TZ1 q5)
67 !%AD
Whichpassive
of the following
processes of
takeaplace
during interphase?
4.
A. The
movement
particle
through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
!%A%DDD
B.:7The
passive
movement of a particle across a cell membrane via a channel protein.
I.
Respiration
C.<7The
movement
of a particle down a concentration gradient helped by active pumping.
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II. Active transport
D.>7The
movement
of a particle up a concentration gradient helped by active pumping.
III. Protein synthesis
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IV.
Replication of DNA
A. part
I only
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8. What
of the plasma membrane is responsible for preventing the free
-.%$",%1,005
movement of ions into and
outB. of Ithe
and IIcell?
only (SL p1 May05 TZ1 q3)
EEE
5.
C.
I, II and III only
D.
I, II, III and IV
E;
Which of the following is an important property of water for living organisms?
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A.A.IE
67
B.
Solute properties
II
C. III
D. IV
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:7 B.EE Source of energy
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<7 C.
9. The
data!"#$%&'&$(#)*+$,"*+,$'"#$-*.-#.'/&'0*.,$*1$'"/##$0*.,$0.$&$1/*23
below shows the concentrations of three ions in a frog.
>7 D.E; Thermal properties
(SL p1 May05 TZ1 q3)
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Turn over
2206-6010
What best
explains the distribution of ions?
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A. Osmosis
B. Active transport
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C. Diffusion
D. Facilitated diffusion
10. (a) Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of a membrane. [5]
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@"0-"$,'&'#G#.'$&(*C'$G0'*,0,$0.$B)&.'$&.%$&.0G&)$-#)),$0,$-*//#-'D
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L*G*)*2*C,$-"/*G*,*G#,$B&0/$CB
L*G*)*2*C,$-"/*G*,*G#,$/#G&0.$C.B&0/#%
(SL p2 May09 TZ1 q6ab)
(b) Outline how vesicles are used to transport materials secreted by a cell.
[6]
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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11. Outline the various means of transfer of different types of molecules through the plasma membrane.
[4]
(HL p2 May08 TZ1 q5a)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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12.
A study was carried out to determine the relationship between the diameter of a molecule and its
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movement through a membrane. The graph below shows the results of the study. (SL p2 May 03 q1)
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89:
(a) From the information in the graph alone, describe the relationship between the diameter of a
molecule and its movement through a membrane. [2]
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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P?=<A>?<QI@JR
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A second study was carried out to investigate the effect of passive protein channels on the movement of
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glucose
into cells. The graph below shows the rate of uptake of glucose into erythrocytes by simple
6&0$6$')" &3" 15*%&#$" /')&" %$55#7" " 82$" 1.-42" 9$5&," #2&,#" )2$" .-)$" &3" *4)-:$" &3" 15*%&#$" /')&
diffusion
and facilitated diffusion.
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=
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(b) Identify the rate of glucose uptake at an external glucose concentration of 4= mmol dm−3 by
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(ii)
(ii)
K($')/3+")2$".-)$"&3"15*%&#$"*4)-:$"-)"-'"$H)$.'-5"15*%&#$"%&'%$').-)/&'"&3"A"66&5"(6 "9+
simple diffusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I/J
#/645$"(/33*#/&'7
I//J
3-%/5/)-)$("(/33*#/&'7
facilitated diffusion.
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(c) (i)I%JCompare
the effect of increasing the external glucose concentration on glucose uptake by facilitated
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9+"3-%/5/)-)$("(/33*#/&'"-'("9+"#/645$"(/33*#/&'7
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diffusion and
by simple diffusion.
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(ii) Predict, with
a reason, the effect on glucose66&5"(6
uptake= 7by facilitated diffusion of increasing
the external
)2$"$H)$.'-5"%&'%$').-)/&'"&3"15*%&#$")&"=?"
concentration of glucose to 30 mmol dm−3 .
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KEY
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. D
9. B
10.
(a) Award [1] for each of the following clearly drawn and correctly labelled.
phospholipid bilayer – double row of opposing phospholipids, tails to inside;
phospholipid – with head and two tails;
hydrophilic/phosphate/polar (heads) and hydrophobic/hydrocarbon/fatty acid/non- polar (tails) labelled;
integral protein – embedded in the phospholipid bilayer;
protein channel – integral protein showing clear channel/pore;
peripheral protein – on the surface;
glycoprotein – with carbohydrate attached on one side;
cholesterol – shown embedded in bilayer;
(b)
vesicles formed from rER transport proteins to Golgi apparatus;
these vesicles fuse with membranes of Golgi apparatus;
proteins are processed as they move through Golgi apparatus;
(transport) vesicles bud off/leave Golgi apparatus;
vesicles move through cytoplasm;
(vesicles) fuse with plasma membrane;
contents released to outside of cell / exocytosis;
cells use vesicles to secrete substances such as hormones/digestive enzymes/other appropriate example; vesicles may
contain cell products other than proteins;
Credit drawings which fully explain the points above.
11.
diffusion is the movement of particles down a concentration gradient / higher to lower concentration / is passive;
osmosis is passive transport / diffusion of water;
osmosis is movement from lower solute concentration to higher / higher to lower water potential;
facilitated diffusion involves channels (in membranes);
active transport requires protein pumps/ATP/energy;
active transport is movement against concentration gradient;
correct reference to endocytosis/exocytosis/pinocytosis;
12.
(a) as the diameter of the molecule increases the permeability / relative ability to move decreases (accept converse);
the relationship is logarithmic / non-linear / negative;
for molecules above 0.6 (+/- 0.1) nm relative ability to move changes little / for molecules below 0.6 (+/- 0.1) nm
relative ability to move changes rapidly;
(b)
. (i)
(ii)
10
370
(accept values within +/- 5);
(accept values within +/- 10);
(c)
(i)
glucose uptake in facilitated diffusion levels out whereas uptake in simple diffusion does not level out / continues to
rise;
glucose uptake increases in both;
glucose uptake is higher in facilitated diffusion (than in simple diffusion);
glucose uptake in simple diffusion is constant / linear whereas in facilitated diffusion uptake increases rapidly at the
beginning / increase is not constant;
(ii)
little / no change in glucose uptake;
most / all (protein) channels in use;