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LIÊN TỪ VÀ CÁC DẠNG MỆNH ĐỀ - PHẦN 2
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
TRANSITION WORDS
I. Tóm tắt bài giảng
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Addition: In addition, furthermore, moreover, additionally, also, again
Cause - Effect: As a result, As a consequence, resultedly, consequently, therefore, hence / thus
Contrast: However, Nevertheless, Nonetheless, in contrast, on the contrary, notwithstanding
(tuy nhiên), still / yet (ấy thế mà), on the other hand (mặt khác)
Besides (Ngoài ra) / Beside (pre) ( = next to = by: bên cạnh)
I really want to go to the party. Besides, it is close to / beside my house.
Otherwise: nếu không thì
- My teacher helped me a lot. Otherwise, I wouldn't have passed the exam.  câu điều kiện ẩn
- After the fire, all the books had been burnt or otherwise destroyed. (Sau đám cháy tất cả sách
đã bị đốt cháy, nếu không thì bị phá hủy)
Similarly, likewise (một cách tương tự)
Everyone in my class studies 3 hours a day. We should do likewise / similarly.
(Mọi người trong lớp tôi học 3 tiếng mỗi ngày. Chúng tôi cũng nên làm như vậy.)
In fact (thực ra): nhấn mạnh
He looks very young. In fact, he is in his 40's.
In theory: theo lý thuyết, In practice: thực tế là
Indeed (thực sự là) : dùng để nhấn mạnh
He is a hard - working employee. Indeed, he works ten hours a day.
Accordingly: tương xứng với, theo đó
Susan is an intern and she is paid accordingly.
(Susan là một thực tập viên và cô ấy được trả tương xứng với.)
Finally: After years of arguing, they finally got divorced.
Instead: thay vào đó. Ví dụ: I don't have coffee. Why we don’t drink tea instead.
Namely: ví dụ ( = for example, for instance)
Malaria can be prevented, namely by taking tables and by using nets.
 Bài tập vận dụng: ( Chữa trong video )
Bài 1. Chọn phƣơng án đúng nhất để hoàn thành câu
1. You need to work harder. ................, you'll get fired.
A. Otherwise
B. Moreover
C. Instead
2. We didn't want to go to Brazil. .......... we went to Vietnamese.
A. instead
B. accordingly
C. otherwise
3. He is a very weak president; ........... most people support him.
A. otherwise
B. instead
C. Nevertheless
4. We wanted to go to the beach; .....it started to rain and we stayed at home.
A. otherwise
B. However
C. namely
5. She is a very smart woman; ........... it is not at all surprising that she got the job.
A. Nevertheless
B. Similarly
C. Therefore
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6. He has a terrible voice; ......... he will go down in history as the worst singer ever.
A. undoubtedly
B. otherwise
C. still
7. John has very little money; ________________, his brother Jacob is a millionaire.
A. in contrast
B. nonetheless
C. similarly
8. Roberta didn't have all the ingredients to bake a cake; ________________, she decided to
prepare something else.
A. finally
B. indeed
C. therefore
9. He couldn't tell her the truth; ________________, he lied.
A. finally
B. similarly
C. instead
10. I really don't know why he came; ________________, I would tell you.
A. otherwise
B. instead
C. in contrast
Bài 2.
Part A. Directions: Choose from among these conjunctive adverbs to complete each sentence:
consequently
otherwise
on the other hand
furthermore
1. Buying and living in a 200-year-old house would be interesting; ____________, it would
probably be very expensive to maintain.
2. You'll have to start taking better care of your body and stop smoking; ________, you'll die
early.
3. Thao had a bad experience shopping at that store; __________, she decided never to shop
there again.
4. Growing apples is an interesting hobby which provides me with a lot of pleasure; ________,
I don't need to buy apples at the store.
5. Patricia and Karl lost interest in each other; __________, they both agreed to a divorce.
6. Golf is a very fun sport; __________, it's very expensive.
7. The party became kind of boring after Toby left; ________, everyone went home soon
afterwards.
8. If we arrive at the restaurant early, we'll get a good seat; ________, the restaurant won't feel
very lively.
9. You should buy these boots while they're on sale; _________, you'll have to pay full price
next week.
10. When the economy went into recession, business slowed down; _____, Hector was laid off.
Part B. Directions: Choose from among these conjunctive adverbs to complete each sentence:
however
therefore
in addition
1. The jury found the man found guilty on all charges of murder; _______, he was sentenced
to life in prison.
2. I would like to see the new exhibit; _____, there might not be enough time to do that.
3. Becoming a doctor isn't easy. _____to many years of studying medicine, you have to deal
with uncomfortable situations all the time.
4. My friend, Jeff, wants to ask Wanda out on a date; _____, he's too nervous.
5. Steve wanted more excitement in his life; _____, he decided to join the U.S. military in
hopes of going to Iraq.
6. This is a very useful tool; ______, it's easy to carry inside a pocket.
7. Carbon dioxide levels are rising in the earth's atmosphere; _____, temperatures around the
planet are increasing.
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8. Finding a new job can be a time-consuming process; ______, it can be costly if you need to
buy a new suit and send out resumes.
9. The company she works for is expanding; _____, it won't start hiring new workers until next
year.
10. Tony has stopped watching what he eats; _____, he's starting to get really heavy.
II. Bài về nhà
Exercise 1. Choose the best, most natural-sounding conjunctive adverb (adverbial conjunction)
for each sentence:
1. He tried his best; ________, he couldn't pass the exam.
A. still
B. otherwise
C. subsequently
2. I will try to get a discount; _______, I won't buy this TV.
A. subsequently
B. otherwise
C. still
3. He is a very unlikeable person; _________, most people seem to like him.
A. otherwise
B. subsequently
C. still
4. We got to the beach; ________, we swam in the ocean.
A. then
B. nevertheless
C. besides
5. He is great tennis player; __________, he couldn't beat Roger Federer.
A. then
B. besides
C. nevertheless
6. I totally disagree with his interpretation; ______, he's no authority on the subject.
A. then
B. besides
C. nevertheless
7. George makes a lot of money; _________, he's a very stingy person.
A. nevertheless
B. then
C. besides
8. Frank didn't give his brothers presents; ________, he gave each of them an envelope with $50.
A. subsequently
B. instead
C. also
9. I don't like her face; __________, she smokes, which is something I hate.
A. instead
B. also
C. subsequently
10. James finished his degree at Oxford University; ______, he settled in London and took up a
position with a large international bank.
A. instead
B. also
C. subsequently
11. None of us knew our lines on Monday; _______ , the show opened successfully on Saturday.
A. nonetheless
B. consequently
C. instead
12. There are many things wrong with my truck; _________, it needs an oil change, new tires, and a
new battery.
A. meanwhile
B. for example
13. You really don’t need new shoes; __________, you don’t have any money.
A. next
B. moreover
14. It was a hot day; _______, we closed all the windows and turned on the air conditioner and all the
fans.
A. on the contrary
B. therefore
15. Jen’s tire was flat; ________, we called a tow truck.
A. thus
B. furthermore
Exercise 2. Complete the following sentences using an appropriate transitional adverb
(conjunctive adverb).
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1. Mary's work is wonderful: .............. she got a raise.
2. Lucie was a terrible employee ; ............... she got promoted.
3. We hope to receive the order on time; ............ we will cancel.
4. Bernie had seniority; ............. he was laid off
5. .................... to your request of last week, we are sending you a catalog
6. She was attractive; ................. she was not beautiful
7. ....................... last week, she has not been the same.
8. .......................... the boss arrives, I am the one who makes rules.
9. ...................... he can, the director will receive you
10. Please be on time; ................ try to be early.
11. ...................... we are thinking of expending.
12. ..................... fulfill his contact, he will have to submit his sketches by Friday.
13. ................. an invoice is paid by cheque,make sure it is deposited as soon as possible.
14. Our company expanded; ................ we hired new personnel.
15. ....................... you can type a new letter.
16. Vegetables are rich sources of vitamins and antioxidants and……………… eating vegetables is
essential for good health.
17. ‘The last bus has gone.’ ‘………………….., we are going to have to walk.’
18. …………………… the starter, I thought the meal was nice.
19. I bought that car. It looked good and, …………………….., it was reasonably priced.
20. Studies seem to suggest that bright blue and bright yellow are the most visible
and …………………….. the safest colors for vehicles.
21. You had better mend your ways; ………………….., you will land in serious trouble.
22. She didn’t leave her husband …………………….. the fact that he had cheated on her.
23. ………………….. each individual is unique in many ways, members of the same species share
many common characteristics.
24. They have recruited more people and ……………………. the service has improved
25. I was not confident of winning. ……………………, I decided to give it a try.
KEY
Exercise 1.
1A 2B 3C
4A
5C
6B
7A
8B
9B
10A
11. A
12. B
13. B
14. B
15. A
Exercise 2.
1. accordingly
2. nevertheless
3. otherwise
4. however
6. although
7. Since
8. Until
9. as soon as 10. moreover
11. Actually
12. In order to
13. Whenever
14. therefore 16. Meanwhile
16. hence
17. Then
18. Apart from
19. moreover 20. therefore
21. otherwise
22. despite
23. Although
24. consequently 25. Nevertheless
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