SS05MkCWDC
ENG 0113—Lusk (FL13)
SS05MkCWDCFL13.docx
Study Sheet on Marking
Conn. Words & Dep. Clauses
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INSTRUCTIONS: Read/Study Editing Stage #05 Marking Connecting Words and
Dependent Clauses in the Editing Checklist. Review the Simple Fragments and
Dependent Clause Fragments in the Correcting Major Errors Quick Reference
handout. Then answer the questions below. For True/False questions, circle either
True or False.
01.
Listing. List the three types of connecting words (tell what the abbreviations
stand for). Also give a one-word example of each type of connecting word.
TYPE OF CONNECTING WORD ONE-WORD EXAMPLE
CC =
_____________________
______________________
_____________________
TE =
_____________________
______________________
_____________________
SW =
_____________________
______________________
_____________________
02.
Fill-in-the-Blanks. Coordinating conjunctions include two sub-categories.
One sub-category is the ______________ coordinating conjunctions.
The second sub-category is the _______________________ conjunctions,
which are conjunctions that ____________ _______ _____________,
such as _______________ and ______________.
03.
True or False? It is possible for certain CCs (and, but, or, nor) to be inside
a phrase.
04.
True or False? The words both, neither, either can be marked as CCs only
when they are used with their correlative counterparts.
05.
True or False? The words so and yet should not be marked as CCs when
they are connecting two complete sentences.
06.
True or False? The word for is usually a preposition, not a CC.
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07.
Fill-in-the-Blanks. What is the acronym that you should use to memorize the
seven coordinating conjunctions, and what does each letter stand for?
Acronym Letters:
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______
Stands for CC:
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______
08.
Fill-in-the-Blanks. Transitional expressions are also called
_____________________________ _________________________ OR
_____________________________ _________________________ .
09.
True or False? Transitional expressions can appear at the beginning of a
sentence, in the middle of a sentence, or at the end of a sentence.
10.
True or False? If a transitional expression is also a prepositional phrase, you
should put TE over the phrase and then take the parentheses away.
11.
True or False? The words first, second, third, next are always transitional
expressions.
12.
True or False? The word though is in the TE list and the SW list. You have
to look at what though means in order to figure out whether it is a TE or
a SW.
13.
True or False? The words instead and next should still be marked as
TEs even when they are part of the multi-word prepositions instead of
and next to.
14.
Fill-in-the-Blanks. Subordinating words are words that __________
________________________ _________________ .
Subordinating words actually include two sub-categories. One subcategory
is the____________________ ____________________, such as
__________, ________, and _____. The second subcategory is the
_______________ ______________, such as ______, _______, and
______.
15.
Fill-in-the-Blanks. The primary place where SWs appear is
_____ ________ _____ __________-________ ________________.
16.
True or False? If a word is in the SW list, then that word is always a
subordinating word and should always be labeled with an SW above it.
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17.
Fill-in-the-Blanks. For a word to be a subordinating word, it must
(1) _____________________________________________________ AND
(2) _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________.
If a word in the SW list has no subject-verb sequence to go with it, then
__________________________________________________________.
18.
True or False? Some of the words in the SW list can also be prepositions.
When these words are used as prepositions, they should not be labeled with
SW because a word cannot be a preposition and a subordinating word at the
same time. (See SW Footnote.)
19.
Listing. List the ten words in the SW list that you must check for the
"Preposition vs. Subordinating Word" problem.
1. _________________________
6. _________________________
2. _________________________
7. _________________________
3. _________________________
8. _________________________
4. _________________________
9. _________________________
5. _________________________
10. _________________________
20.
Short Answer. Describe how you know when the word after is a preposition
and when the word after is a subordinating word.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
21.
True or False? Some SWs, like which, can double as both the subordinating
word and the subject of a dependent clause. To properly mark these words,
you must single-underline them as subjects as well as put SW above them.
(See SW Footnote.)
22.
Listing. List the seven words in the SW list that can double as
both subordinating word and the subject of a dependent clause.
1. _________________________
5. _________________________
2. _________________________
6. _________________________
3. _________________________
7. _________________________
4. _________________________
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23.
True or False? The question words (words we use to ask questions, such
as who and when) are sometimes subordinating words and sometimes not
subordinating words. (See SW Footnote.)
24.
Listing. List the nine question words in the SW list.
1. _________________________
6. _________________________
2. _________________________
7. _________________________
3. _________________________
8. _________________________
4. _________________________
9. _________________________
5. _________________________
25.
True or False? The word that can be an adjective, a pronoun, or a
subordinating word, depending on how it's used. When used as an SW, that
can sometimes be "understood."
26.
True or False? The word because should still be marked as SW even when
it is part of the multi-word preposition because of.
27.
Fill-in-the-Blanks. A clause is defined as any __________ - _______
_______________ . ... There are two types of clauses. ... An
___________________________ ____________ contains a subject verb
sequence ___________ a subordinating word; this clause __________ stand
alone as a sentence. A _______________________ ____________ contains
a subject verb sequence __________ a subordinating word; this clause
__________ stand alone as a sentence. The only grammatical difference
between an independent clause and a dependent clause is the presence of the
____________________________ __________ inside the dep. clause.
28.
Fill-in-the-Blanks. Fill in the following formula for dependent clause (DC).
Do not abbreviate in the formula.
|-----SW----------- +-----S-------+ -----V ----+---------. . .-----------------|
DC = ______________ +_________ + _______ + ___________________
______________
___________________
29.
True or False? There is no difference between Independent and Dependent
Clauses. Both should be marked with a long bracket over the top.
30.
True or False? The bracket for the dependent clause should include only the
subordinating word and its subject-verb sequence.
31.
True or False? Dependent clauses can appear anywhere in the sentence: at
the beginning, at the end, and in the middle.
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32.
Short Application Exercise. First, read the sentences carefully; you do not
have to determine the tense needs. Second, put all phrases (prepositional and
infinitive) in parentheses. Third, double-underline all verbs. Fourth, singleunderline all subjects. (Note: There are no simple fragments here, so all of
the sentences have at least one verb and at least one subject.) Fifth, label all
connecting words (CC, TE, SW). Sixth, go back to all SWs, and draw a long
bracket over the top of their dependent clauses. There are no dependent
clause fragments in this exercise. None of the sentences contain major
errors, so make no "corrections."
[32A] Pugsley has been acting strangely for the past three days. I should
take him to the vet.
[32B] French and Spanish are offered here at Northwest.
[32C] Mr. Smith could not be here; however, he did send an
alternate delegate.
[32D] When the delivery guy arrives, give him the check on the counter.
[32E] There is construction on Union Avenue today. Consequently, we
should avoid that street.
[32F] Because of his grade point average, Henry is on probation this
semester.
[32G] While driving, you should never use your cell phone
either to make calls or to send texts.
[32H] Our northeast branch, which is located on Jefferson, can better
assist you with this particular problem.
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For Questions #33 to #46, you may have to refer to the Correcting Major
Errors Quick Reference (the sections on SimFrag and DCFrag) and to the
Notes on Simple Fragments sections of the previous informational handouts
on Editing Stage #02, Editing Stage #03, and Editing Stage #04.
33.
Listing. List the three requirements that a sentence must meet in order to be
considered "complete":
1. _________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________
Any sentence that does not meet all three of these requirements is a
Fragment, or incomplete sentence.
34.
Short Answer. There are two types of Fragments: Simple Fragments and
Dependent Clause Fragments. Define each one.
"Simple Fragments": ___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
"Dependent Clause Fragments": __________________________________
____________________________________________________________
35.
True or False? When editing, you should always assume that every sentence
has a subject and a verb, so be sure to always mark something as the subject
and the verb.
36.
Short Answer. If a Simple Fragment is missing only a main verb, how
should you correct the error? _____________________________________
____________________________________________________________
37.
Short Answer. If a Simple Fragment is missing only a subject, how should
you correct the error? ___________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
38.
Listing. If a Simple Fragment is missing both a subject and a verb, you must
choose between two correction options. List those two correction options.
1. __________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________
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39.
True or False? If a sentence consists only of a dependent clause, then
that sentence is a fragment and must be corrected.
40.
True or False? Because it has a subject-verb sequence, a dependent clause
can stand alone as a sentence.
41.
True or False? Every sentence that has a subordinating word (SW) in it is a
dependent clause fragment.
42.
True or False? Certain Simple Fragments are sometimes corrected by
"connecting." Dependent Clause Fragments, however, are almost always
corrected by "connecting."
43.
Listing. List the four steps in correcting a fragment by "connecting":
1. ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
44.
True or False? You can never use a semicolon when correcting a fragment
by "connecting".
45.
True or False? When correcting a fragment by "connecting," it doesn't
matter which sentence you connect it to. For almost all fragments, you can
connect to either the sentence before it or the sentence after it.
46.
True or False? When correcting a fragment by "connecting," it is okay to
add words as needed, such as a coordinating conjunction or a missing
subject or verb.
Study Sheet on Marking Conn. Words & Dep. Clauses Page 7 of 10
47.
Short Application Exercise. First, determine the tense needs and record them
in the tense needs area. Second, put all phrases (prepositional and infinitive)
in parentheses. Third, double-underline all verbs. Fourth, single-underline all
subjects. (Note: There are no Simple Fragments in this passage, so every
sentence should have at least one verb and at least one subject.) Fifth, label
all connecting words (CC, TE, SW). Sixth, go back to all SWs, and draw a
long bracket over the top of their dependent clauses. Seventh, find and
correct the Dependent Clause Fragments in the passage.
Past Tense Time Indicators: __________________________________________
Past Tense Sentences: _______________________________________________
Present Tense Sentences: _____________________________________________
[01] When I went to New York in December of 2007 to visit a
friend. [02] The weather was extremely cold. [03] In fact, a snow storm
had been predicted for the end of the week. [04] Before I left Memphis,
my friend had warned me that I should pack some snow boots;
unfortunately, I did not listen to her advice. [05] The blizzard hit on
Saturday, and I had to trudge around New York City in cold wet
tennis shoes for the rest of my trip. [06] The next time that I go to New
York City in the winter, I will definitely take my snow boots. [07] Because
I do not want to experience frozen feet ever again.
The Dependent Clause Fragments are in Sentences # _____ and # _____.
Once you have completed this Study Sheet in pencil, use blue pen to correct it
by the Answer Key. Do not erase your original answers; use blue pen to
correct them. Then move on the Keyed Handout Exercises that go with this
Editing Stage.
Study Sheet on Marking Conn. Words & Dep. Clauses Page 8 of 10
IMPORTANT NOTE ABOUT MARKING CONNECTING
WORDS AND DEPENDENT CLAUSES
IN HARD COPY VS. CANVAS
On the hard copy of study sheets, handout exercises, chapter tests, and final exam
grammar test practices, you should always mark connecting words by placing the
appropriate labels above the line directly above the connecting words themselves.
However, in the online quizzes and tests, we can't do that because of the limitations
of Canvas and how it displays in the various browsers. Instead, we must mark
connecting words by first boldfacing them and then placing the appropriate
abbreviation in square brackets after them.
Connecting Words Marked as in the handouts:
CC
I don't always watch that show, but I do like it.
Connecting Words Marked as in the Canvas online quizzes and tests:
I don't always watch that show, but [CC] I do like it.
On the hard copy of study sheets, handout exercises, chapter tests, and final exam
grammar test practices, you should always mark dependent clauses by drawing a
long bracket over the top (above the line, not within the line), starting the bracket
at the beginning of the SW and stopping the bracket at the end of the entire
dependent clause. However, in the online quizzes and tests, we can't do that
because of the limitations of Canvas and how it displays in the various browsers.
Instead, we must mark dependent clauses by highlighting them and placing triple
braces around them, putting the left triple brace in front of the SW and putting the
right triple brace after the end of the entire dependent clause.
Dependent Clauses Marked as in the handouts:
|--SW-----------------------------------|
Sarah can't go tonight because she has a test tomorrow.
Dependent Clauses Marked as in the Canvas online quizzes and tests:
Sarah can't go tonight {{{because [SW] she has a test tomorrow}}}.
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