PBIS Positive Behavior Intervention and Support at West Pine Middle School Moore County SchoolsSouthern Pines Primary Mission Statement: Our mission is to provide engaging experiences that result in students learning what is needed to be successful citizens. WPMS Positive Behavior and Intervention Support Mission Statement: The Positive Behavior Intervention and Support initiative aspires to provide an environment which maximizes the likelihood that students and staff will be respectful, own their behavior, have a positive attitude, and be responsible, thereby maximizing the amount of time and energy dedicated to teaching/learning academics and citizenship. BEE SAFE! Respect BEE RESPONSIBLE! Own BEST! It BEE YOUR Attitude Responsibility PBIS page 2 PBIS Team: Candace Turk Ashlee Ciccone Stacy Newton Cathy Fletcher Becky Oldham Jan Benton Jeremy Kuhn Freda Alley Table of Contents PBIS page 3 Introduction 1. Antecedents/Prevention Expectations Rules: Student Matrix Personnel Matrix Teaching the Rules and Expectations 2. Behavior Being Clear about Behavior Minor/Major Chart Discipline Process 3. Consequences Positive: Wildcat Currency Negative p. p. p. p. p. p. p. 5 6 6 7 8 9 10 p. p. p. p. p. p. p. 12 13 17 18 19 20 21 PBIS page 4 INTRODUCTION Positive Behavior Intervention and Support, or PBIS, is a framework for establishing a school wide positive discipline plan. The fundamental assumption of PBIS is that behavior must be taught along with academics; not all students come to school knowing how to behave appropriately, just like they don’t come to school knowing how to read or do math. School needs to be a place where they learn reading, writing, math, and appropriate behavior. PBIS has helped us to develop our own school-wide plan which is consistent everywhere a student goes in the school. It showed us how to develop school-wide rules that can be applied to each specific location. It encouraged us to develop systems to prevent behavior problems in highrisk areas and at high-risk times. It allows us the freedom to develop our own reward and consequence system. PBIS is based on the following research-proven principles: • Students behave better when they work for rewards rather than work to avoid punishment. • Teachers have more academic engaged time in their classrooms when they utilize a positive reinforcement system. • Schools with school-wide plans that are consistent from classroom to classroom and across all non-classroom locations have fewer discipline referrals and higher achievement. • Students need to learn and PRACTICE appropriate behavior just like they need to learn and practice how to read. PBIS fits easily into the ABC’s of behavior management. Antecedents include teaching expected behaviors through formal lessons, guided practice, and re-teaching; emphasizing the school-wide expectations; posting the school rules that are specific to each location; and reminding adults to be good role models. Behavior includes discussing minor and major behaviors and attempting to define behavior exactly so we can be very clear about what we want from the students. Consequences include consistent positive reinforcement when the students do the right thing and consistent re-teaching and logical negative consequences when they don’t. PBIS fits into our school wide improvement plan because it is research-based and improves academic achievement. PBIS supports the Character Education curriculum as required by NC law. PBIS page 5 CHAPTER 1 ANTECEDENTS/PREVENTION EXPECTATIONS The expectations are the broad school rules which we want the students to learn in all settings. All adults must remind the students frequently what the broad school rules are; we want them to know these as well as they know our motto “Wildcats ROAR with Pride.” These are our school-wide expectations: Respect Own It Attitude Responsibility PBIS page 6 RULES The rules are very specific and vary according to the setting; for example, it’s fine to run on the soccer field, but you must walk in the building. All the rules fit into the broad school expectations (respect, own it, attitude, responsibility). Applying the broad expectations across the settings throughout the school yields a matrix. The student and teacher matrices are on the following pages. The classroom rules on the matrix are broad enough to allow each teacher to have his/her own specific classroom rules within the framework. PBIS page 7 West Pine Middle School – Positive Behavior Intervention and Support Student Matrix R Before School -Follow grade level procedures -Report to grade level hall Classroom Hallway Cafeteria Restrooms Bus Car Pool After School -Listen -Follow directions -Use equipment and materials with care -Be mindful of others’ space -Walk on the right side of the hall -Honor others’ privacy -Use equipment properly -Wash hands -Follow school rules and directions from supervising adults -Keep all bags and purses in locker -Record assignments in agenda -Control your volume -Go directly to destination -Keep hands and feet to yourself -Follow school electronics policy -Listen and follow driver directions -Use appropriate language -Control your volume -Hold personal belongings -Sit in assigned seat -Follow directions -Follow school electronics policy -Sit on benches properly -Control your volume -Stay seated on your own stool -Recycle -Wait for teacher dismissal -Water and unopened snacks may leave the cafeteria -Clean up after yourself -Control your volume -Report to assigned area -Stay on sidewalk -Arrange ride prior to event -Clean up after yourself -Report to front of school for pick-up -Be courteous and friendly -Speak kindly to others -Be positive -Be willing to try all assignments -Speak kindly to others -Be courteous and friendly -Speak kindly to others -Be courteous and friendly -Speak kindly to others -Be courteous to others -Use restroom for intended purpose -Be courteous and friendly -Speak kindly to others -Be courteous and friendly -Be courteous and friendly -Demonstrate good sportsmanship -Speak kindly to others -Eat breakfast as soon as it is available -Report directly to the cafeteria or media center before 7:40 -Bring all materials to each class each day -Complete and turn in assignments on time -Carry signed agenda at all times -Keep school environment clean -Get permission to leave the table -Get what you need the first time through the line -Sit at assigned table -Bring signed agenda -Dispose of trash properly -Flush toilet -Keep aisle clear -Keep hands and feet to self -Keep the bus clean -Stay seated forward at all times -Keep hands and feet to self -Watch for your ride -Keep hands, feet, and belongings to self -Report directly to after school activity Respect O Own It A -Control your volume -Report messes and problems -Return to class promptly Attitude R Responsibility PBIS page 8 West Pine Middle School – Personnel Matrix R Respect O Before School -Enforce grade level procedures -Greet and assist substitute teachers Classroom -Teach, model and enforce clear procedures -Address student issues discreetly -Monitor and address class volume Hallway -Actively supervise student transitions -Release students on time Cafeteria -Model and monitor recycling Restrooms -Allow students to go the restroom when needed Meetings -Be mindful of comments and nonverbal communication -Show consideration for colleagues, parents, and presenters Bus -Actively supervise student behavior -Enforce rules Car Pool -Actively supervise student behavior -Enforce rules -Prepare instructional materials and equipment prior to 7:40 -Actively engage students -Follow learning focused plan -Write weekly lesson plans and place in visible location -Stand outside your door during all transitions -Pick up trash -Assign student duties -Ensure cleanliness of your students’ area -Send one student at a time to use the restroom -Arrive on time and prepared -Know and practice all duty procedures from handbook -Know and practice all duty procedures from handbook -Acknowledge positive behaviors -Greet students and staff by name -Acknowledge positive behaviors -State what you want, not what you don’t want -Acknowledge positive behaviors -Greet students and staff by name -Acknowledge positive behaviors -Speak kindly -Acknowledge proper adherence to procedures -Share and receive ideas -Implement new strategies -Acknowledge positive behaviors -Greet students and adults by name -Acknowledge positive behaviors -Greet students and adults by name -Acknowledge positive behaviors -Greet students at classroom door at 7:45 -Send students to designated areas if they arrive early -Enforce school expectations consistently -Sign student agendas for all classroom departures -Supervise class movement from the end of the line -Monitor student behavior, volume and traffic -Sign student agendas for all trips to the restroom -Actively participate in all components of your PLC(s) -Report to bus duty on time -Find a substitute if unable to complete duty -Report to car pool duty on time -Find a substitute if unable to complete duty -Stay with all students until they are picked up Own It A Attitude R Responsibility After School -Actively supervise student behavior -Enforce rules -Arrange after school events in a manner that doesn’t interfere with professional duties -Communicate schedule changes in a timely manner -Actively Supervise students and your own children PBIS page 9 TEACHING THE RULES and EXPECTATIONS The biggest part of PBIS is teaching the students how to behave in acceptable ways. When students come to school, they don’t know how to read, write, or do math, so we teach them these skills. We use formal lesson plans, guided practice, assessments, and re-teaching the skills that are not mastered yet. Students don’t get in trouble when they make a mistake in reading, they get extra help. PBIS is all about teaching behavior in the same way we teach academics. We need to directly teach what the rules and expectations are, demonstrate exactly what appropriate behavior looks like, provide opportunities to practice the behavior, assess mastery, and re-teach the skills the students lack. Students shouldn’t get in trouble when they make mistakes in behavior; they should get extra help by being re-taught and being given extra practice. All teachers teach the rules in their classrooms at the beginning of the year. This needs to be extended throughout the school year so that the students don’t have a chance to forget the rules. The teaching of rules in settings outside the classroom should also be taught during the first month of school, and then periodically throughout the year. Each teacher should deliver a lesson for the following situations within the first two weeks of school. Lesson plans for these situations are on the shared folder:. The lesson plans can be varied or modified, or you can use your own: • • • • • • • • Before School Classroom Hallway Cafeteria Restrooms Bus Car Pool After School There are a few additional lesson plans on the shared folder. Please peruse them and use the ones you need. If you develop a new lesson plan, please post it on the shared folder so that everyone can take advantage of it. PBIS page 10 KEEP THESE POINTS IN MIND AS YOU TEACH THE RULES: Formatted: Font: Bold • Teach an attention signal. Whether it’s raising your hand until all hands are raised or clapping and having them clap back, teach the signal early. Keep these points in mind as you teach the rules: • As you are teaching the rules, match up each rule with the broad expectation to which it pertains (control your volume is Own It). • When a student breaks a rule, the rule should be re-taught. If it’s just one student, take that student aside when the rest of the class is doing something fun and repeat the lesson. If it’s just a few students, you could give the rest of the class an activity while the students who haven’t learned the rules repeat the lesson. If the whole class isn’t following a rule, schedule some time in the classroom to teach the lesson again. Say “since we haven’t learned to control our volume in the hallway, we are going to go over the lesson again before we can go to lunch.” Don’t be mad, yell, or punish, simply repeat the lesson. This method is extremely effective because they not only learn it again, but they miss out on the fun part of the day. The time you spend re-teaching the lesson is an investment; it will be more than made up later when they all follow the rules. • After misbehavior, it’s very helpful to ask the child “what rule did you break? (respect, own it, attitude, responsibility)” and “what should you have done differently?” SKIPPING A lot of students get very upset when another student “skips” or cuts in front of them in line. Procedures for dealing with skipping should be taught along with your lesson plan for travel time at the beginning of the year. Skipping is really no big deal and making the “skipper” go to the end of the line reinforces the kids for getting upset about it; it validates their opinion that it’s a bad thing. On the other hand, you could teach the kids to offer a place in line to their classmates and teach them the polite phrase “after you”. Whatever you decide, teach it and teach it again until they get it. PBIS page 11 Formatted: Centered CHAPTER 2 BEHAVIOR BEING CLEAR When thinking about behavior it’s helpful to think about specific, observable actions. It’s easier for students to understand and learn concrete behaviors than vague concepts such as “be good” or “be respectful.” It’s also much easier for them to learn a behavior if they are told what to do instead of what not to do: “use your inside voices” is easier to follow than “stop talking”. Remember that following the rules and “behaving” involves behaviors, too. Some behaviors we do want to see are following directions, using polite words, using a quiet voice, completing classroom work, keeping the area clean, completing homework, walking in line, etc. These are the behaviors we want to notice and reinforce with our attention and/or a tangible reward. Giving positive attention such as a wink, a thumbs-up, a pat on the back, or a “good job”, is extremely powerful for students when they are doing the right thing. When you are teaching students the rules and when you are correcting a student for not following them, be very clear about what you want to see and what they did to break the rules. Be sure when you make a rule that you are really going to enforce it. Every rule that you write down that you don’t enforce consistently takes your power away from you. If you can’t enforce it, don’t writeright it down. Raising Hand Before Speaking Many teachers have a class rule that says raise your hand before speaking, but they don’t enforce it consistently. Sometimes they only mean it in some circumstances or with some students. If you’re not going to enforce the rule every single time, it would be better not to have it be a written classroom rule. It’s okay at the beginning of a lesson to say “the rule for the next half hour/the next lesson/while we have company is that we have to raise our hands before calling out.” They have to follow the raise-hand rule when you say so because “follow directions” is one of your rules. Formatted: Left, None, Indent: First line: 0" PBIS page 12 MINOR VS. MAJOR MISBEHAVIOR Formatted: Font: 14 pt, Underline Remember that there are minor misbehaviors and major misbehaviors. The consequences you choose should reflect the difference. Minor misbehaviors are usually best handled with correction/reteaching and the response cost of not getting the reward the other students get for following the rules. Try not to get to getcaught up in expecting perfection from students. Correcting and re-teaching minor misbehaviors is part of teaching. Keep the perspective that these are adolescents and some of them are high risk. Remember the trick of having another lesson for the students who haven’t learned to follow the rules/procedures. Those who do it right get extra fun time while those who don’t have to go through the lesson again. Behaviors Disruption (minor)/ Disruptive Behavior (major) Dress Code Violation Minor Behavior Definition Any disturbance or interference that takes away from the learning environment which does not cause physical harm or injury to one’s self or others. Student wears clothing that does not fit within the dress code guidelines practiced by Minor Behavior Examples Repeatedly talking, tapping pencils, continual blurting out, burping out loud, passing gas, throwing paper wads, disabling property. Major Behavior Definition Any disturbance or interference that takes away from the learning environment done in an aggressive manner. Yelling, turning over furniture, throwing items down with force or anger, throwing objects at someone. Anything that is not part of the approved MCS dress code – shorts above midthigh, holes in Student repeatedly wears clothing that does not fit within the dress code guidelines or Repeated suggestive or revealing clothing, or ANY clothing that advertises alcohol or drugs, Major Behavior Examples PBIS page 13 the school district. Failure to keep hands, feet, objects to self (minor)/Physical Aggression (major) Inappropriate Language (minor)/Abusive Language (major) Inappropriate touching with the hands or feet or other objects which does not result in injury. Unsuitable use of words that are not curse words, calling names, use of inappropriate tones, teasing Noncompliance (minor)/ Defiance(major) Refusing to obey. Challenging or resisting authority. Engaging in power struggles. Property Misuse or Damage Use of property in a way in which it was not designed which does not cause physical harm or injury to one’s self or others. Failure to report to any location on time Tardy pants above fingertips, sagging of pants Pushing, pinching, poking, grabbing, bumping into, shoving, horseplay, throwing Stupid, ugly, shut up, fart, crap, freaking, sucks. Sticking up a finger trying to make it look inappropriate. Talking back, not following directions, sleeping, not completing work, bringing prohibited items to school. Kicking furniture, writing on desks, breaking pencils or crayons, leaning back in chair. Isolated incident of being a few minutes late; up to 6 tardies clothing that displays something illegal. Physical contact with the intent or outcome of causing injury or harm to others. Indecent language. Swearing or curse words directed towards others in a demeaning or provoking manner. Refusing boldly to obey. Challenging or resisting authority. Verbal defiance. Intentional destruction of property belonging to the school or the teacher through misuse or aggressive behavior. 6 tardies for first class, coming to class more than a few gang related clothing. Punching, hitting, spitting, shoving, tripping, kicking, biting, stabbing with a pencil. Calling adults stupid, ugly, you suck. Calling adults/students gay, homo, screw you. Using curse words or sticking up middle finger. Yelling at teacher, leaving class or school grounds without permission, “I’m not going to”, “You can’t make me”, refusing to go to the office. Breaking classroom materials, throwing desks, throwing chairs, destroying books, writing on walls or furniture. Reporting to class fifteen minutes late with no pass PBIS page 14 for first period per quarter minutes late (skipping) Use/Possession of Alcohol, Tobacco or Drugs Any possession of tobacco, alcohol, and/or other drugs. Arson Attempting or causing a fire to ignite. Repeated verbal abuse, threats to others in writing, via text, Facebook or verbally, inappropriate touching, inappropriate gestures, pictures or notes. Falsely saying there is a bomb and/or pulling a fire alarm. Falsifying signatures, Use of work that isn’t one’s own Bullying/Harassment (major) False Alarm Forgery/Cheating Lying Intentionally not telling the entire truth, leaving out Tobacco, alcohol, and/or other drugs found in a backpack, purse, jacket, or pockets of a student. Lighting a fire. Touching others on the bottom or other private areas, threats such as “I’m gonna ….” and repeated unprovoked comments. Pulling the fire alarm, saying there is a bomb. Signing agenda with teacher’s initials, signing parent’s name to document, copying another student’s work, allowing others to copy one’s work for credit Giving inaccurate information, leaving out PBIS page 15 important information Theft Taking any property that belongs to others Technology Misuse Use of technology in an inappropriate way. Having possession of a weapon or weapon look alike capable of causing bodily harm. Weapon details, reporting false incidents Taking money, food, cell phone, jewelry, or possessions from others. Use of cell phone, PDA, IPOD, use of any unauthorized websites. Guns, knives, look alike guns or knives, razor blades, numchucks, or other objects readily capable of causing bodily harm found on the student or in a backpack, purse, etc. PBIS page 16 WEST PINE MIDDLE SCHOOL DISCIPLINE PROCESS Observe and identify problem behavior Is it a CRISIS? NO YES Teacher managed Remind student of appropriate behavior in this situation and of potential + /consequences (Warning) - Document Teacher Assigned Consequence – Parent Contact - Document Teacher Assigned Consequence – Parent Contact - Document Administrative managed Is the behavior teacher or administrative managed? Redirect student behavior: no consequence Teacher Managed • • • • • • • • • • • • Examples vs. Inappropriate language Not having materials Calling out Teasing Refusal to work Minor Noncompliance Minor dishonesty Minor disruption Minor aggression (actions that do not pose safety risk) Unsafe or rough play Disrespect - Tone - Attitude - Body Language Property Misuse • • • • • • • • • • • • DIAL “O” for office to get immediate help Administration Managed Aggressive physical contact Drugs/Alcohol/ Tobacco Major Property destruction Weapons Leaving School property Aggressive/profane language Credible threats Bullying/Harassment of students/teachers Major/chronic refusal to follow school rules Major dishonesty Theft Technology Misuse – cell phones, IPODs, inappropriate websites, etc Referring teacher completes referral and calls office before sending student or puts referral in AP box Administrative conference with student Administrative action; Admin contacts parent PBIS page 17 Did the behavior change? Administration returns pink form to referring teacher YES Notice and reward correct behaviors PBIS page 18 CHAPTER III CONSEQUENCES Formatted: Indent: First line: 0" Providing appropriate consequences for behavior is equivalent to giving feedback to students when we are teaching them how to read; they need to know when they are doing it right and when they need to try it again. It is, therefore, very important to match the consequences to the behavior closely. Consequences occur all the time whether we’re controlling them or not. Your attention, attention from peers, getting out of work, etc. are all examples of naturally occurring positive consequences. If children get more positives when they are doing the right thing, then they will do the right thing more. If they get more positives for doing the wrong thing, they will do the wrong thing more. Imagine a group of students who are talking out and off-task; if you don’t stop them, they are getting peer attention and getting out of doing work-2 positives. If you start giving them lots of attention by lecturing them, then they get 3 positives. On top of all that, if you give them power by losing your temper, then they are getting a whopping 4 positives for that inappropriate behavior! That’s hard to beat! If, on the other hand, you quietly bounce the offenders while complimenting the quiet ones, the ones who were bounced will lose privileges, while the quiet ones will get your attention; the scale tips in the other direction. The Scales of Reinforcement: Only The Scales you control of Reinforcement: which way they tip! Only you control which way they tip! KEEP THESE POINTS IN MIND: The consequence needs to occur immediately after the behavior and be very specific (“good job walking in line quietly”, “lunch detention for disrupting the class”, or even “take a lap at break time for being disrespectful”). We have to be careful to reinforce the behavior we want to see and not accidentally reinforce negative behavior. The consequences should be logically related to the behavior as much as possible; this is why re-teaching and correction is so helpful. Walking a lap for writing on a desk won’t stick in mind as specifically as washing the desk will. Using naturally occurring preferred activities alternating with nonpreferred activities is easy and effective and matches the behavior and the consequence precisely; “as soon as you finish your work correctly, you can read something of your choice.” The preferred activity functions as a reward; the sooner they get done the more time they get, if they don’t finish, they don’t get the preferred activity at all. PBIS page 19 POSITIVE CONSEQUENCES We all work for rewards. We come to work, and we get paid; in most professions, the harder and better you work, the greater the paycheck. We also work for internal rewards; we might volunteer because it’s fun and it feels good to help, we feel proud when we do a good job, etc. We all want students to do the right thing because it’s the right thing to do. That’s an excellent goal, so we have to teach them to do that. Remember that we are teaching behavioral skills just like we are teaching reading and writing; they don’t all come to school knowing how to read or to how to behave. Just as we say “right” when they read a word correctly, we need to say “right” when they demonstrate appropriate behavior. In order for students to internalize rewards, the rewards have to start out externally. We have to get them on the right track by using tangible rewards, and then gradually fade the externals as they get older. Rewards that are not tangible are very powerful, as well. Attention, extra privileges, free time, and preferred activities are all excellent methods of reinforcement. The bottom line about rewards is that they work. The Moore County Schools mission statement is to provide a safe environment in which all students learn to their potential. Using rewards improves behavior and increases academic engaged time thereby improving achievement. Not only is it appropriate to use external tangible rewards, we are obligated to do so; students learn academics and behavior best when they are working for positives. Remember to Remember Reward to Reward Early and Often! Early and Often! PBIS page 20 THE WILDCAT CURRENCY SYSTEM At West Pine Middle School, students will have the opportunity to earn “Wildcat Currency” as rewards for appropriate behavior. All staff members will be given a supply of Wildcat Currency to hand out to students who are doing the right thing. The students will then have the opportunity to “shop” at the PBIS “store” during lunch. They can spend their Wildcat Currency or choose to save them up for more valuable items. All teachers will give a dollar to each student in each class who followed the rules that day. Bus drivers will give a dollar on the ride home to the students following the bus rules. Items in the store will be paid for from the PBIS budget at the school level. (within reason) Wildcat Currency can also be used for life lessons such as saving, sharing, etc. Wildcat Currency cannot be taken away! Please recycle our Wildcat Currency by using them over and over again! Rules of Thumb for Bee Bucks One for every 4 days of homework turned in (it might take 2 weeks to get one) One for every 5 days of finishing class work on time One for every 5 days of being on time One for every 5 days of not having a consequence (time out, lap, silent lunch, etc) One for being good in each special (up to 5 per week) One for being good on the bus all week One for being good at lunch all week One for being good in walking club all week One for every 5 tickets/coupons/jewels, etc. PBIS page 21 NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES Negative consequences should be thought of as a loss of privileges, rather than as punishment. Students who behave because they fear punishment, do not generalize their positive behavior to other situations; students who behave at home because they fear a beating, often don’t behave at school. Losing privileges, on the other hand, does help students internalize the rules and generalize to other settings. Each grade level has different target behaviors and different negative consequences for them. It’s important to keep the consistency within grade levels. It is helpful to keep in mind the following: Keep the negative consequences small so you can increase them when necessary. Keeping them small also improves the chances that you will follow through on what you say. Be sure to be realistic when giving out consequences. Just today, I heard someone say “if you say one more thing in the hallway, you can’t go on the field trip.” Taking away field trips is not an appropriate consequence; field trips are part of the curriculum. It’s also pretty hard for the student to literally not say a word in the hallway the rest of the way back to class. When the child says one word and still gets to go on the trip, he gets power because his teacher was wrong; he is reinforced for doing the wrong thing. Don’t harp, lecture, or yell; this gives attention to the negative behavior. Simply state the consequence and move on. The consequence should be brief so that the class can get right back to work. Asking Why? It is not helpful to ask a student “why” he or she did something. They usually honestly don’t know and demanding an explanation just gives them more attention and makes you more frustrated. Why doesn’t matter anyway. Instead, ask them what they did wrong and what they should have done differently. Let Punishment Crime Asking Why?Let thethe Punishment FitFit thethe Crime It is not helpful to ask a student “why” he or she did something. They usually honestly don’t know and demanding an explanation just gives them more attention and makes you more frustrated. Instead, ask them what they did and what they should have done PBIS page 22 differently. Why they did it doesn’t matter; if they broke the rules, they broke the rules and need to re-learn them. PBIS page 23
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