Topic 3: Nutrition, Photosynthesis, and Respiration
1. Base your answer to the following question on the chemical reaction represented below and on
your knowledge of biology.
If this reaction takes place in an organism that requires sunlight to produce substance X, the organism
must be
(1) a heterotroph
(2) an annelid
(3) an autotroph
2. Which type of organism helps to reduce
atmospheric carbon dioxide?
(1) carnivores
(2) producers
(3) decomposers
(4) herbivores
3. Which phrase is an example of autotrophic
nutrition?
(1) a cow eating grass in a field
(2) a mushroom digesting a dead log
(3) an apple tree making its own food
(4) a tapeworm feeding in the body of a dog
(4) a fungus
6. During the process of photosynthesis, energy
from the Sun is converted into
(1) chemical energy in the bonds of
inorganic molecules
(2) chemical energy in the bonds of organic
molecules
(3) enzymes used to produce inorganic
molecules
(4) enzymes used to produce organic
molecules
7. The diagram below represents a plant cell.
4. Some deep-sea bacteria live near submerged
volcanoes and make their own food using
energy derived from minerals coming from the
volcanoes. These bacteria would be classified
as
(1) heterotrophic
(2) autotrophic
(3) photosynthetic
(4) abiotic
5. Which statement best describes animals that are
heterotrophs?
For the process of photosynthesis, the arrow
labeled A would most likely represent the
direction of movement of
(1) They are able to convert light energy into
useful chemical bond energy.
(1) carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy
(2) They are able to synthesize organic
materials from inorganic raw materials.
(3) They are unable to consume preformed
organic compounds.
(2) oxygen, sugar, and solar energy
(3) carbon dioxide, oxygen, and heat energy
(4) sugar, water, and heat energy
(4) They are unable to synthesize organic
materials from inorganic raw materials.
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Topic 3: Nutrition, Photosynthesis, and Respiration
Base your answers to questions 8 through 11 on the diagram of a chloroplast below.
8. Carbon dioxide is represented by letter
(1) E
(2) B
(3) C
(4) F
9. The process of photolysis (Light reactions) in the grana occurs at letter
(1) E
(2) G
(3) C
(4) D
10.The dark reactions (Calvin Cycle) in the stroma are represented by letter
(1) A
(2) F
(3) C
(4) D
11.Which of the following molecules are represented by letters E and F?
(1) Oxygen and Glucose
(2) Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
(3) Carbon Dioxide and Glucose
(4) Carbon Dioxide and ATP
12. During the process of cellular respiration,
energy is released from
13. Which term best defines a bacteria that can
survive without oxygen?
(1) carbon dioxide
(1) aerobic
(2) anaerobic
(2) oxygen atoms
(3) heterotrophic
(4) saprophytic
(3) water molecules
(4) chemical bonds
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Topic 3: Nutrition, Photosynthesis, and Respiration
Base your answers to questions 14 and 15 on the information and diagram below and on your
knowledge of biology.
A small water plant (elodea) was placed in bright sunlight for five hours as indicated below.
Bubbles of oxygen gas were observed being released from the plant.
14. What substance did the plant most likely absorb from the water in order to produce the oxygen
gas?
(1) dissolved nitrogen
(2) carbon dioxide
(3) an enzyme
(4) a hormone
15. The bubbles of oxygen indicate that the plant is
(1) producing sugar (2) making protein
(3) releasing energy from water
(4) carrying on active transport
16. The rate at which all organisms obtain,
transform, and transport materials depends on
an immediate supply of which resources?
17. In what way are photosynthesis and cellular
respiration similar?
(1) They both occur in chloroplasts.
(1) ATP and enzymes
(2) They both require sunlight.
(2) solar energy and carbon dioxide
(3) They both involve organic and inorganic
molecules.
(3) carbon dioxide and enzymes
(4) ATP and solar energy
(4) They both require oxygen and carbon
dioxide. inorganic produce
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Topic 3: Nutrition, Photosynthesis, and Respiration
18. Base your answer to the following question on 21. The diagram below represents part of the
process of cellular respiration.
the diagram below which represents a cross
section of part of a leaf.
Energy is released and made available for
metabolic activities at
Which life functions are directly regulated through
feedback mechanisms associated with the actions of
the structures labeled X?
(1) step 1, only
(1) excretion and immunity
(4) neither step 1 nor step 2
(2) digestion and coordination
(2) step 2, only
(3) both step 1 and step 2
22. The diagram below represents a biochemical
process.
(3) circulation and reproduction
(4) respiration and photosynthesis
19. The diagram below represents a cross section
of a plant structure.
Which molecule is represented by X?
Which letter indicates the region where most
autotrophic nutrition takes place?
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(1) DNA
(2) starch
(3) protein
(4) ATP
(4) D
20. Which letter indicates the structure that allows
the plant to exchange gases with the
environment?
(1) A
(2) E
(3) D
(4) B
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Topic 3: Nutrition, Photosynthesis, and Respiration
Base your answers to questions 23 through 25 on the diagram below. The diagram represents plant
photosynthetic activities taking place in a "food factory."
23. The chemical synthesis area most likely contains
(1) enzymes necessary for fermentation
(2) structural components known as grana
(3) enzymes necessary for carbon-fixation reactions
(4) structural components known as mitochondria
24. Which gas is represented by letter A?
(1) oxygen
(2) nitrogen
(3) methane
(4) carbon dioxide
25. Which substance is most likely represented by letter B?
(1) RNA
(2) glucose
(3) alcohol
(4) auxin
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Topic 3: Nutrition, Photosynthesis, and Respiration
Base your answers to questions 26 through 29 on the diagram below, which is a concept map that
shows the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration, and on your knowledge of biology.
26. In which cell organelle do the reactions that belong in areas B and C occur?
(1) mitochondrion
(2) chloroplast
(3) endoplasmic reticulum
(4) Golgi complex
27. Which molecule belongs in area X?
(1) lactic acid
(2) carbon dioxide
(3) water
(4) oxygen
28. Which molecule belongs in area Y?
(1) water
(2) oxygen
(3) glucose
(4) hydrogen
29. Which molecule belongs in area A?
(1) deoxyribonucleic acid
(2) adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
(3) PGAL
(4) C6H12O6
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Topic 3: Nutrition, Photosynthesis, and Respiration
30. A biological process that occurs in both plants and animals is shown below.
Which row in the chart below identifies the lettered substances in this process?
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4
31. The diagram below shows a sequence of
events that often occurs in human muscle
cells.
The substance represented by letter X is most
likely
(1) hemoglobin
(2) glycogen
(3) ethyl alcohol
(4) lactic acid
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Topic 3: Nutrition, Photosynthesis, and Respiration
Base your answers to questions 32 and 33 on the
information and diagram below and on your
knowledge of biology.
A student conducted an investigation on
fermentation. Yeast, molasses, and water were
combined in a fermentation tube and left for several
hours at room temperature. The results are shown
below.
34. The diagram below represents a cross section
of a leaf.
Which structure is indicated by letter X?
32. Which substance would most likely be found
in the greatest amount in area X?
(1) O2
(2) C6H12O6
(3) H2O
(4) CO 2
33. If the fermentation tube had been maintained
at 60ºC instead of at room temperature, the
substance in area X would not have been
produced. Which statement is the best
explanation for this?
(1) ADP molecules are destroyed at 60ºC.
(1) cuticle
(2) spongy cell
(3) guard cell
(4) palisade layer
35. The diagram below shows a microscopic view
of the lower epidermis of a maple leaf.
The area indicated by letter X is known as
(1) a stomate
(2) a lenticel
(3) xylem tissue
(4) phloem tissue
(2) High temperatures denature enzymes.
(3) Molasses turns to starch at 60ºC.
(4) Gases cannot form at high temperatures.
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