New Seminar on Drinking Water Systems Offered for Local Officials More Fun Than a Science Experiment A one-day seminar on drinking water systems, geared for local officials in communities with populations of 10,000 or fewer, is being held on Tuesday, June 8, at the Holiday Inn in St. Cloud. Managing a Drinking Water System: A Short Course for Local Officials—conducted by the National Environmental Training Center for Small Communities, in conjunction with the Minnesota Section of the American Water Works Association (AWWA)—is designed to help local officials implement management practices that will improve their ability to provide safe drinking water to their communities in accordance with the reauthorized federal Safe Drinking Water Act. The modular training package addresses the major topics that local officials need to know to develop and enhance the technical, managerial, and financial capacity of their drinking water systems. The modules include Local Official’s Responsibilities for Providing Safe Drinking Water, Regulatory History and Current Requirements, Basics of a Drinking Water System, Best Management Practices, and Financing Options for System Projects or Upgrades. The target audience for this seminar includes elected officials, such as mayors and city council members, as well as city administrators, including town managers, planners, auditors, and clerks. Registration for the seminar is $45 (which includes lunch) and is limited to the first 20 participants to register. For more information, contact Stew Thornley at 651/215-0771. To register, use the form on page 7. MDH Drinking Water Information on the World Wide Web The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) Web Site now has a variety of educational brochures as well as information on certification and an application for operator licenses. The certification site is at http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/ eh/dwp/pws/dwopcert/dwopmain.html. For other information, check out http://www.health. state.mn.us/divs/ehconsinfo.html#Drinking. Spring 1999 Volume Six/4 Inside: Scott Anderson, superintendent of utilities for the city of St. Louis Park, explains the basics of water to a third-grade class at Aquila School in St. Louis Park. Anderson is part of a subgroup of the Minnesota Section AWWA Education Committee that is focusing on the topic of youth education and getting water curriculum into elementary classrooms. Anderson was a hit with the students, who sent him thank you letters, one of them concluding with the statement, “Listening to you was funner than doing experiments in science!” Upcoming Certification Exam Dates March 4, St. Cloud March 25, Rochester April 15, Southwest Minnesota April 23, Bloomington May 7, Two Harbors June 18, Deerwood See calendar on back page for more information 1999 Metro School Agenda Madison Reverse-Osmosis Plant Regulatory Update Total Coliform Testing Madison Leads the Way First Reverse-Osmosis System for Municipal Water Supply in Minnesota A west-central Minnesota town of 1,900 that is the self-proclaimed “Lutefisk Capital of the World,” the city of Madison has another distinction. It is the site of the first reverse-osmosis treatment used in a municipal water plant in the state. History Madison’s first water system, built in 1913, pumped water directly from a well into the distribution system. In response to complaints about hardness, in 1939 the city constructed a lime softening plant that served them for more than half a century. The lime-soda ash treatment process did an adequate job of softening, but it wasn’t removing the high levels of naturally occurring sodium sulfates. Iron and manganese were also a problem. These issues, combined with the realization that the plant was nearing the end of its useful life and concerns about future lime-sludge disposal efforts, made it apparent that a new facility was needed with a number of issues to be considered in determining what type of plant to construct. A primary consideration was the desire to continue to reduce the hardness of the water supply, an amenity the townspeople were accustomed to and would undoubtedly demand again. Madison is the first municipal water supply in Minnesota to use reverse-osmosis Options Lime softening and two membrane processes—reverse-osmosis, and electrodialysis reversal—were the options Madison looked at. Lime softening was rejected because it would not meet all of the needs, while the high capital cost of electrodialysis reversal caused the city to shy away from it. That left reverse-osmosis as the frontrunner. In the summer of 1994, a reverseosmosis treatment process was pilot tested using one of the city’s wells. The membrane was able to achieve an overall recovery rate of 75 percent during the testing period. The following year, Bolton & Menk, Inc. of Mankato, Minnesota, completed a pilot plant study using a bench-scale model of a reverseosmosis unit. Brian DeWolf of Bolton & Menk said the study indicated success in reducing iron, manganese, sulfate, and total dissolved solids as well as hardness. The decision was made to construct a reverse-osmosis plant—with a process consisting of aeration, detention, and filtration—along with two new wells, a 300,000-gallon tower, and water mains to connect the new plant to the existing distribution system. The membrane treatment technology was selected in part because of its ability to eliminate the high chemical and labor costs and the lime-sludge problems associated with the existing treatment facility. Construction began in March of 1997 and was completed by late summer in 1998. DeWolf says the reverseosmosis process is a 7-4 system, meaning that it has seven first-pass membranes and four second-pass membranes. “Water that doesn’t make it through the membranes on the first pass is subject to the second-pass membranes, which increases the recovery rate,” he explains. “The recovery is about 75 percent, and the city blends about 35 percent filtered-only water with 65 percent reverse-osmosis water, so the overall plant efficiency is just over 80 percent.” Continued on page 3 Madison is now known for more than just lutefisk 2 Madison Reverse-Osmosis Plant—Continued from page 2 The fact that only four of every five gallons entering the plant ends up going to the consumers is what DeWolf calls, “one of the real drawbacks of a reverse-osmosis system—a high level of rejection.” However, he notes that since the plant went on-line, the water that makes it through the membranes is about 97 percent free of hardness, sulfate, sodium, and arsenic. Treatment Process Approximately 380 gallons per minute (gpm) are pumped from the wells. The first stage of treatment is aeration to oxidize the iron and manganese, an economical process that reduces chemical requirements and forms a more filterable precipitate. Occasionally chlorine is added to assist in the oxidation. Potassium permanganate is added to aid in the removal of manganese before the water goes into the detention basin, which is baffled to provide 30 minutes of oxidation. The basin has sludge drawoff piping to aid in cleaning any settled solids from the bottom. The settled solids are discharged into the sanitary sewer or the backwash holding tank. Greensand filtration, which further reduces the manganese level, is the next step in the treatment chain. DeWolf says pretreatment is a key part of a reverse-osmosis plant. “Removal of iron and manganese is critical to the reverse-osmosis process. Any amount of insoluble particles of iron and manganese can foul the membranes.” After the greensand filtration, the water enters the first clearwell and is then split with 80 gpm going to the second clearwell, to be used for blending with the finished reverse-osmosis water. The other 300 gpm goes into the reverse-osmosis unit, receiving hydrochloric acid on the way to lower the pH to 6.8. Sodium metabisulfate is sometimes added to remove any chlorine residual. An anti-scalant is also added. Approximately 210 of the 300 gallons make it through the membranes—either on the first or second pass—with approximately 90 gallons rejected to the storm sewer. The pH of the water that makes it through the membranes is raised to 7.2 with the addition of a caustic. It is then mixed with the filtered-only water in the second clearwell and pumped to the distribution system at 290 gpm as chlorine, fluoride, and a polyphosphate are added. The plant cost of $1.5 million included both the gravity filtration for the pretreatment and the reverse-osmosis membranes as well as the electrical and control systems and the building itself. DeWolf estimates that, for this particular system, the addition of reverse-osmosis added approximately $300,000. The cost of the total project— including the new tower, wells, and mains—was approximately $2.9 million and was funded by a Rural Utilities Service loan from the U. S. Department of Agriculture of $2.3 and a grant from the Minnesota Department of Trade and Economic Development of $600,000. Certification Q & A In order to comply with the Minnesota statutes that regulate our program, MDH is required to enforce specific certification deadlines. Here are some commonly asked questions individuals concerning water operator certification deadlines. HOW DO I APPLY FOR CERTIFICATION? Fully complete the examination application form and submit it with the correct fee to the Minnesota Department of Health. The deadline for accepting applications is 15 days before the examination date. HOW OFTEN MUST I RENEW MY CERTIFICATE? Your certificate expires three years from the date of issue. You will be mailed a renewal notice fourto-six weeks in advance of your certification expiration date. A certificate may be renewed only if the operator can provide proof that the education requirements have been met. A certificate in any given classification must be renewed within 30 days of its expiration date. WHAT ARE THE RENEWAL REQUIREMENTS? In order to maintain certification, continuing education requirements must be met by all certified operators of municipal and nonmunicipal systems. Operators are required to demonstrate professional growth by attending approved water and wastewater industry related training to acquire contact hours within a three-year period in order to renew their certificates. At least 50 percent of renewal hours for water certificates must be direct water operations training. The other training hours may be from water-related training courses. WHAT IF I FAIL TO RENEW? A person who has failed to renew may apply for reinstatement for up to three years from the expiration date of their certificate. A certificate may be reinstated only if the operator can provide proof that the educational requirements have been met during the entire time since the certificate was last issued or renewed. If evidence cannot be provided, the operator must retake the exam to obtain certification. Renewal Reminder for Nonmunicipal Systems In response to the 1996 revision of Minnesota Rules Chapter 9400, all community nonmunicipal public water supply systems were asked in 1997 to designate the person chosen to be the system’s certified operator. A conditional water operator certificate, effective for three years, was issued to each of these operators to be used only at the water system that had designated him or her as the certified operator. Most nonmunicipal operator certificates will expire April 1, 2000. All certified operators are required to participate in continuing training to renew their certificates. Most nonmunicipal systems are Class D, and the operator of a Class D system needs to complete eight credit hours of water operations training every three years. Courses are offered throughout Minnesota, and most are low in cost or even free. In addition to being listed in the calendar section on the back page of the Waterline, a list of these courses is available from Minnesota Rural Water Association (1/800/367-6792) or Cindy Cook (651/215-0751). 3 Operator School and Training News Registration information for schools and applications for certification exams are in the form on page 7 1999 Metro School The 1999 Metro Waterworks Operators’ School will be held from Wednesday, April 21 through Friday, April 23 at the Thunderbird Hotel in Bloomington. The certification exams will be offered on Friday afternoon. Participants in the school will receive 16 credit hours for their attendance. Registration for the school is $85 ($110 after April 5 or at the door). The first afternoon will include hands-on training courses at off-site locations, with topics including Leak Detection, Plant Expansion and Operations, Hydrant Repair, Trench Safety, and Filter Surveillance. Space will be limited in the handson workshops; participants will be able to sign up on a first-come, first-served basis during check-in on the first morning of the school. On Thursday afternoon, Lih-in Rezania of the Minnesota Department of Health will conduct a session for medium- and small-size systems that have implemented corrosion control treatment for lead and/or copper exceedances. Those wishing to take part in this session should contact Lih-in at 651/215-0763 so she can bring along the system’s data. There will not be a separate Exam Prep held in advance of the Metro School; instead, the Metro School will include two preparation sessions, one on general operations and the other on math. The registration form is on page 7. Wednesday, April 21 Thursday, April 22 8:30-11:30 • Motivational Speaker Dick Beardsley • Emergency Preparedness Tornado Experience—Pete Moulton, City of St. Peter Flood Experience—Dan Boyce, City of East Grand Forks 8:00-noon • Coping with Change • Communication in the Workplace • Spring Preparedness or or • Exam Prep—General Operations 8:00-11:45 Competent Person Training (70 maximum) • • • • • • • • • • 12:30-4:00 • Exam Prep—Math 1:00-4:00 Basic Water Operations—Jim Plahn, Badger Meter Co. or or • Lab Procedures—Susan Plank, MDH (30 maximum) Lab Procedures—Hach Chemical Company (30 maximum) or 12:15-4:00 Hands-on Training at Off-Site Locations • Hydrant Repair (50 maximum) • Filter Survellance (40) • Trench Safety (40) • Leak Detection (50) • Meters (35) • Plant Expansion and Operations (35) or Lead and Copper Corrosion Control Treatment Evaluation—Lih-in Rezania, MDH or 12:45-4:30 Competent Person Training (70 maximum) Waterline Published quarterly by the Drinking Water Protection Section of the Minnesota Department of Health Friday, April 23 Editor: Stew Thornley Waterline staff: Dick Clark, Marilyn Krause, Bonnie Shafer, Doug Mandy To request this document in another format, call 651/215-0700; TDD 651/215-0707 or toll-free through the Minnesota Relay Service, 1/800/627-3529 (ask for 651/215-0700). 4 8:00 Breakfast AWWA Membership Benefits— Petrona Lee, Minnesota Section AWWA Chair Featured Speaker—To Be Announced 9:15 Product Exposition with Mini-Sessions 1:00 A, B, C, D Certification Exams School News The Southeast District School will take place from Tuesday, March 23 to Thursday, March 25 at the Best Western Apache in Rochester. Registration is $60 ($80 at the door). The Northeast District School will have a new location this year—at the Superior Shores Resort and Conference Center in Two Harbors. Registration for the school, which will run from Wednesday, May 5 through Friday, May 7, is $75 ($80 at the door or if postmarked after April 23). A block of guest rooms is being held at reduced rates until April 27. Call the Superior Shores Resort at 1/800/242-1988 and mention the Minnesota Department of Health to get the special rate. The Central District School will be back at Ruttger’s Bay Lake Lodge outside Deerwood, from Wednesday, June 16 to Friday, June 18. Registration is $45 for those staying at Ruttger’s and $75 for those staying elsewhere (with an additional $5 for registrations at the door or postmarked after June 3). Ruttger’s has two-night room and meal packages for $249.84 based on single occupancy and $186.16 for double occupancy. Contact Ruttger’s at 1/800/450-4544 to reserve a package. The Southwest District will hold a one-day school at a yet to be determined location on Thursday, April 15. Operators in the Southwest District will receive more information when it is available. Others may contact Mark Sweers at 507/389-2501. (A registration form for all the Spring three-day schools is on page 7). Participants in three-day schools will receive 16 credit hours; participant in one-day schools will receive 6 credit hours. In other news, the Northwest District set the dates and location for its 1999 school. It will be from Tuesday, November 30 through Thursday, December 2 at the Northland Inn in Crookston. John Thom will be conducting an 11-week course on basic water operations in Owatonna in April. Participants will receive 30 credit hours. Contact John at 612/861-9168 for more information. DWRF Deadlines 1999 Teleconferences Operations and Maintenance: Tools and Technologies to Protect Water Quality in the Distribution System is the subject of the AWWA teleconference on Thursday, March 11, which will be held at the Earle Brown Center in St. Paul and the Northwest Technical College in East Grand Forks. The teleconference will focus on two major aspects of the distribution system—cross connection/backflow control and main repair. Specific topics on cross connection/backflow will include a review of the backflow devices available and their purposes, how current and potential cross connections can be evaluated, and how to develop a cross-connection program for a utility. Main repair will feature a discussion of sanitary precautions, disinfection, flushing, and sampling. Intended for distribution system and treatment plant operators, water quality managers, supervisors, engineers, inspectors, and government regulatory personnel, the teleconference is $60 ($80 after March 1 or at the door) and includes lunch. Registration begins at 10:30 with the program running from 11:00 to 2:30. Participants will receive 4 credit hours. See the registration form on page 7. (Another teleconference is scheduled for October 21, 1999. The subject is Enhanced Coagulation and Other Advanced Treatment Technologies to Comply with the Microbial/ Disinfection By-Product Rule Cluster. ) By John Schnickel Between March 15 and May 28, 1999 the Minnesota Department of Health will be accepting proposals for placing projects on the Drinking Water Revolving Fund (DWRF) Project Priority List. Proposals are to be for projects requiring funding anytime after October 1999. Please be an exception to the trend and submit your proposal well before the deadline. Unfortunately, people have found out that making the deadline was a meaningless victory if critical clarification was lacking and time had run out to provide it. City clerks, eligible business owners, and eligible nonprofit agencies will soon be notified that proposals will be accepted. There will be one change in this year’s submission procedures. Only one rather than two submissions will be required for requesting placement on the project priority list and the upcoming intended use plan. Call Jeanette Boothe at 651/215-0755 if you would like to receive the proposal submission requirements. If you are responsible for one of the approximately 100 projects that can be funded this year, please remember April 9, 1999 is the deadline for submitting plans and specifications and the loan application papers. Your project will be by-passed for funding if the deadline is missed. AWWA Officers MDH Well Conference March 24 Northwest District Chair—Troy Hall, Moorhead Vice Chair—Keith Mykleseth, Crookston Director—Jarrod Christen, Detroit Lakes Secretary—Don Christianson, MR WA The Well Management Section of the Minnesota Department of Health will hold its annual conference at the Thunderbird Hotel in Bloomington on Wednesday, March 24. The tentative agenda includes topics on hydrofracturing, well maintenance and rehabilitation, aquifer testing for wellhead protection, and the Minnesota Arsenic Study that took place in the west-central part of the state. Participants will earn six continuing education credits to apply toward renewal of full, limited, and monitoring well contractor licenses and registration. Registration is $50. For more information, contact Michael Convery at 651/215-0818. Metro District Chair—Bert Tracy, Oakdale Vice Chair—Jon Eaton, Bloomington Director—Adam Kramer, Minneapolis Secretary—John Norgren, Anoka 5 Total Coliform Testing Membrane Filtration vs. Colilert By Susan Plank MDH Public Health Laboratories The most commonly used methods for determining Total Coliform are Colilert® and Membrane Filtration (MF). Numerous questions arise when the two methods are used for the same sample and yield differing results. This usually occurs when two laboratories are comparing results obtained using the two different methods. This article will discuss the basic method protocols and limitations and the Minnesota Department of Health’s position regarding the reporting of results. Future installments will encompass reporting procedures for each of the methods and their possible outcomes. The MF technique is the older, more established of the two methods. In this method a sample is filtered, and the filter paper is placed on a growth medium and then incubated. The number of suspected coliform colonies formed after 22 to 24 hours are counted. If colonies are present after incubation, the laboratory must perform a confirmation test to determine that the colonies are in fact coliforms. In Colilert® testing, the reagent is added to the sample and incubated. If the solution has a yellow color that equals or exceeds the intensity of the comparator, it indicates a positive result. No change in color indicates a negative result. This method can yield Presence/Absence results within 24 hours and is less cumbersome to perform than the MF. Perhaps this is the reason for its increase in popularity. However, as usage increases, so does the MDH’s concern that facilities are aware of the limitations of these tests in evaluating samples for regulatory purposes. The results for these tests are not always comparable, which may be due to: • interferences in the sample that may suppress or mask bacterial growth; • greater sensitivity of the Colilert® media; • added stress to organisms related to filtering; or • the fact that different media may obtain better growth for some bacteria. Although both methods are approved by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency for reporting under the Safe Drinking Water Program, the MDH policy on issues regarding conflicting bacteriological results is to err on the side of caution in the interest of protecting human health. Therefore, MDH requires increased monitoring and treatment until results for both tests are negative. EPA Regulatory Update: Status of Drinking Water Regulations Arsenic MDH Contact: Karla Peterson, 651/215-0761 Proposed rule expected January 1, 2000 with final rule expected January 1, 2001. MCL expected to be lowered to between 2 to 20 parts per billion (ppb). Will apply to all Community Water Supplies (CWS) and Nontransient Noncommunity Water Supplies (NTNCWS). Disinfection/Disinfection By-Products (D/DBP) MDH Contact: Lih-In Rezania, 651/215-0763 Final Stage 1 rule published in December 1998. MCL for THMs lowered to 80 ppb; MCL for haloacetic acids (HAA5), 60 ppb; maximum chlorine content in distribution system, 4.0 parts per million (ppm). Surface water systems serving population >10,000 population must comply by December 2001; all other surface and groundwater systems by December 2003. Groundwater Rule MDH Contact: Jerry Smith, 651/215-0765 Final rule expected in November 2000. Will apply to all public water supplies. Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR) MDH Contact: Lih-In Rezania, 651/215-0763 Rule published in December 1998. Turbidity standard lowered to 0.3 NTU; individual filters must be monitored for turbidity. Surface water systems serving >10,000 population must comply by December 2001; smaller surface water systems by December 2003. Public Notification MDH Contact: Stew Thornley, 651/215-0771 Proposed rule revisions expected February 1999. Final rule in fall of 1999. Radionuclides MDH Contact: Karla Peterson, 651/215-0761 Notice of Data Availability (NODA) to be published in March 1999. Final rule expected by December 2000. Revise MCLs for radium 226+228 and gross alpha. Establish MCL for uranium. Will apply to all CWS and NTNCWS. Radon MDH Contact: Karla Peterson, 651/215-0761 Draft rule expected August 1999. Final rule August 2000. Establish MCL and Alternative MCL (AMCL) for radon. Establish requirements for a state Multimedia Mitigation Program. If EPA approves a state Multimedia Mitigation Program, water systems can comply with AMCL, not MCL. Will apply to all CWS and NTNCWS. Sulfate MDH Contact: Dick Clark, 651/215-0747 Decision whether to regulate expected August 2001. If EPA decides to regulate, a proposed rule will be published in August 2003, with final rule in February 2005. Will apply to all CWS and NTNCWS. Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) MDH Contact: Stew Thornley, 651/215-0771 Final rules published August 1998. All CWS must prepare and deliver a report covering 1998 monitoring by October 19, 1999. 6 REGISTRATION FORM—DRINKING WATER SYSTEMS FOR LOCAL OFFICIALS Managing a Drinking Water System: A Short Course for Local Officials Tuesday, June 8, 1999 Holiday Inn, St. Cloud If you have any special dietary needs, please indicate them here: Please print: Name Address City Zip Day Phone Employer Enclose payment of $45. Make check payable to Minnesota Department of Health. Mail this form and fee to Public Water Supply Unit, Minnesota Department of Health, 121 East Seventh Place, Suite 220, P. O. Box 64975, St. Paul, Minnesota 55164-0975. REGISTRATION FORM—TELECONFERENCE AND OPERATOR SCHOOLS You may combine multiple fees on one check if more than one person is attending a school; however, please make a copy of this form for each person. For questions regarding certification, contact Cindy Cook at 651/215-0751. For questions regarding registration, contact Bonnie Shafer at 651/215-1311. AWWA Teleconference: Tools and Technologies to Protect Water Quality in the Distribution System, March 11, 1999, $60 ($80 after March 1 or at the door). Check location you wish to attend: ____ Earle Brown Center, St. Paul ____ Northwest Technical College, East Grand Forks. Southeast School, March 23-25, 1999, Best Western Apache, Rochester. Fee: $60 ($80 at the door). Metro School, April 21-23, 1999, Thunderbird Hotel, Bloomington. Fee: $85 ($110 after April 5 or at the door). Northeast School, May 5-7, 1999, Superior Shores Resort, Two Harbors. Fee: $75 ($80 after April 23 or at the door). Central School, June 16-18, 1999, Ruttger’s Resort. Fee: $45 if staying at Ruttger’s, $75 if not staying at Ruttger’s (add $5 to the cost if paying at the door or if postmarked after June 3). Check here if you would like to receive an exam application. (Applications must be submitted at least 15 days prior to the exam.) Check here if you would like to receive a study guide. If you have any special dietary needs, please indicate them here: Please print: Name Address City Zip Day Phone Employer Please enclose the appropriate fee. Make check payable to Minnesota Department of Health. Mail this form and fee to Public Water Supply Unit, Minnesota Department of Health, 121 East Seventh Place, Suite 220, P. O. Box 64975, St. Paul, Minnesota 55164-0975. 7 CALENDAR Minnesota Section, American Water Works Association *March 23-25, Southeast Waterworks Operators’ School, Best Western Apache, Rochester, Contact Paul Halvorson, 507/292-5193 *April 15, Southwest Waterworks Operators’ School, Contact Mark Sweers, 507-389-2501 *April 21-23, Metro Waterworks Operators’ School, Thunderbird Hotel, Bloomington, Contact Stew Thornley, 651/215-0771 *May 5-7, Northeast Waterworks Operators’ School, Superior Shores Resort, Two Harbors, Contact Terry Jackson, 218/365-2695 or Stew Thornley, 651/215-0771 *June 16-18, Central Waterworks Operators School, Ruttger’s Bay Lodge, Deerwood, Contact Dick Nagy, 320/ 587-5151 Minnesota Rural Water Association Contact Kyle Kedrowski, 1/800/3676792 *March 2-4, Technical Conference, St. Cloud April 14, Operations and Maintenance, Elbow Lake AWWA Teleconference March 11, Operations and Maintenance: Tools and Technologies to Protect Water Quality in the Distribution System, St. Paul and East Grand Forks, Contact Stew Thornley, 651/215-0771 *Basic Water Operations Contact John Thom, 651/861-9168 11-week course starting in Owatonna in April *Schools/meetings marked with an asterisk include a certification exam Minnesota Department of Health 121 E. 7th Place Suite 220 P. O. Box 64975 St. Paul, Minnesota 55164-0975 ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (Wastewater Operator Training) Contact Emily Armistead, 651/296-7251 March 17-19, Annual Wastewater Operations Seminar, Thunderbird Hotel, Bloomington April 6-8, Land Application of Biosolids, Holiday Inn, St. Cloud April 13-15, Pond Seminar, Holiday Inn, New Ulm April 27-29, Pond Seminar, Holiday Inn, Detroit Lakes May 4-6, Spray Seminar, Holiday Inn South, Rochester Minnesota Department of Health Well Conference March 24, Thunderbird Hotel, Bloomington, Contact Michael Convery, 651-215-0818
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