The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™
ISSN 2307-8235 (online)
IUCN 2008: T190153A1942060
Cynoponticus savanna, Guayana Pike-conger
Assessment by: McCosker, J. & Smith, D.G.
View on www.iucnredlist.org
Citation: McCosker, J. & Smith, D.G. 2015. Cynoponticus savanna. The IUCN Red List of Threatened
Species 2015: e.T190153A1942060. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.20152.RLTS.T190153A1942060.en
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THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™
Taxonomy
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Anguilliformes
Muraenesocidae
Taxon Name: Cynoponticus savanna (Bancroft, 1831)
Synonym(s):
• Conger savanna Bancroft, 1831
• Muraenesox savanna (Bancroft, 1831)
Common Name(s):
• English:
• French:
• Spanish:
Guayana Pike-conger, Conger, Pike, Pike-headed Eel, Sapphire Eel
Morénésoce Coungré
Morena Arenera, Morenocio Guayanes, Morenocio Guayanés
Assessment Information
Red List Category & Criteria:
Least Concern ver 3.1
Year Published:
2015
Date Assessed:
August 15, 2011
Justification:
This species is widely distributed where it occurs over muddy bottoms. There are no known major
threats, therefore, it is listed as Least Concern.
Geographic Range
Range Description:
This species is distributed in the western Atlantic in the Caribbean Sea from southern Hispaniola to
Puerto Rico, Martinique, and along Central and South America from the banks offshore of eastern
Honduras and Costa Rica to southern Brazil (R. Robertson pers. comm. 2014). Its depth range is zero to
100 m.
Country Occurrence:
Native: Brazil; Colombia; Costa Rica; Dominican Republic; French Guiana; Guyana; Haiti; Martinique;
Nicaragua; Panama; Puerto Rico; Suriname; Trinidad and Tobago; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Native: Atlantic - southwest, Atlantic - western central
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Cynoponticus savanna – published in 2015.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T190153A1942060.en
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Distribution Map
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Cynoponticus savanna – published in 2015.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T190153A1942060.en
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Population
There are little population data available for this species. There are 36 nominal records in Fishnet2, with
up to five individuals in a single lot.
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Habitat and Ecology (see Appendix for additional information)
This species is found on soft bottom habitats, particularly muddy bottom, as well as protected bays and
estuaries. They feed on benthic invertebrates and small fishes (FAO 2002).
Systems: Marine
Use and Trade (see Appendix for additional information)
This species is captured on bottom longlines, handlines and trawls, and is locally marketed fresh.
Threats
While this species is consumed in artisanal fisheries, this is not believed to be a major threat.
Conservation Actions (see Appendix for additional information)
There are no species-specific conservation measures in place.
Credits
Assessor(s):
McCosker, J. & Smith, D.G.
Reviewer(s):
Cox, N.A.
Facilitators(s) and
Compiler(s):
Hines, A.
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Cynoponticus savanna – published in 2015.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T190153A1942060.en
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Bibliography
Castle, P.H.J. 1978. Muraenesocidae. FAO, Rome.
Cervigón, F. 1991. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Second edition. Volume 1. Fundación Científica Los
Roques, Caracas,Venezuela.
Cervigón, F. and Fischer, W. 1979. INFOPESCA. Catálogo de especies marinas de interes economico actual
o potencial para América Latina. Parte 1. Atlántico centro y suroccidental. FAO, Rome.
Cervigón, F., Cipriani, R., Fischer, W.,Garibaldi, L., Hendrickx, M., Lemus, A.J., Márquez, R., Poutiers, J.M.,
Robaina, G. and Rodriguez, B. 1992. Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca.
Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur
América. FAO, Rome.
Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences. 2003. Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database.
Claro, R. and Parenti, L.R. 2001. The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press,
Washington and London.
Eschmeyer, W.N. 1997. PISCES.
Gines, H. and Cervigón, F. 1967. Exploracion pesquera en las costas de Guyana y Surinam año 1967.
Estacíon de Investigaciones Marinas de Margarita. Fundacíon La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, no. 29..
Hanel, L. and Novák, J. 2001. České názvy živočichů V. Ryby a rybovití obratlovci (Pisces) II., nozdratí
(Sarcopterygii), paprskoploutví (Actinopterygii) [chrupavčití (Chondrostei), kostnatí (Neopterygii): kostlíni
(Semionotiformes) – bezostní (Clupeiformes)]. Národní muzeum (zoologické odděleí), Praha.
Hureau, J.-C. 1991. La base de données GICIM : Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du
Muséum. CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris.
IUCN. 2015. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2. Available at: www.iucnredlist.org.
(Accessed: 23 June 2015).
Lowe-McConnell, R.H. 1962. The fishes of the British Guiana continental shelf, Atlantic coast of South
America, with notes on their natural history. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 44(301): 667-700.
Ramjohn, D.D. 1999. Checklist of coastal and marine fishes of Trinidad and Tobago. Marine Fishery
Analysis Unit, Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Marine Resources, Trinidad and
Tobago.
Robins, C.R. and Ray, G.C. 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin
Company, Boston, U.S.A.
Sánchez, A.C. 1997. Listado taxonomico de las especies marinas identificadas en los océanos Pacífico y
Atlántico (Caribe) de Nicaragua. Ministerio de Economía y Desarrollo. MEDE PESCA, Managua.
Uyeno, T., Matsuura, K. and Fujii, E. 1983. Fishes trawled off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine
Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Wu, H.L., Shao, K.-T. and Lai, C.F. 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press,
Taiwan.
Zaneveld, J.S. 1983. Caribbean Fish Life. Index to the local and scientific names of the marine fishes and
fishlike invertebrates of the Caribbean area (Tropical Western Central Atlantic Ocean). E.J. Brill / Dr. W.
Backhuys, Leiden.
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Cynoponticus savanna – published in 2015.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T190153A1942060.en
4
Citation
McCosker, J. & Smith, D.G. 2015. Cynoponticus savanna. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015:
e.T190153A1942060. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T190153A1942060.en
Disclaimer
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External Resources
For Images and External Links to Additional Information, please see the Red List website.
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Cynoponticus savanna – published in 2015.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T190153A1942060.en
5
Appendix
Habitats
(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)
Habitat
Season
Suitability
Major
Importance?
9. Marine Neritic -> 9.6. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Muddy
Resident
Suitable
Yes
Use and Trade
(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)
End Use
Local
National
International
Food - human
Yes
No
No
Conservation Actions in Place
(http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes)
Conservation Actions in Place
In-Place Land/Water Protection and Management
Conservation sites identified: No
Occur in at least one PA: Yes
Additional Data Fields
Distribution
Lower depth limit (m): 100
Upper depth limit (m): 0
Population
Population severely fragmented: No
© The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Cynoponticus savanna – published in 2015.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T190153A1942060.en
6
The IUCN Red List Partnership
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species
Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN
Red List Partners are: BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation
International; Microsoft; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas
A&M University; Wildscreen; and Zoological Society of London.
THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™