Supplementary material to: ‘A multi-level canopy radiative transfer scheme for ORCHIDEE (SVN r2566), based on a domain-averaged structure factor’ November 14, 2016 (McGrath M.J., Ryder J., Pinty B., Otto J., Naudts K., Valade A., Chen Y., Weedon J. and Luyssaert S.) S1 List of Figures S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 Two level fluxes of transmission (TRAN), total albedo (ALB), top of the canopy (CAN ALB) and absorption by the soil (SOIL ABS) as a function of the one level results for broad wide range of input parameters (see table 2). Different fluxes are represented by different colours. This figure corresponds to the REAL dataset (Table 2 in the main text defines the range of input values of each dataset). The equivalent plot for the ALL dataset is Figure 4 in the main text. . . . . . . . . . Signed differences for various canopy fluxes of transmission (TRAN), total albedo (ALB), top of the canopy (CAN ALB) and absorption by the soil (SOIL ABS), between the two level results and the one level results (φ2 − φ1 ) as a function of the one level results for a broad range of input parameters. This figure corresponds to the REAL dataset (Table 2 in the main text defines the range of input values of each dataset). The equivalent plot for the ALL dataset is Figure 3 in the main text. Signed difference for various canopy fluxes of transmission (TRAN), total albedo (ALB), top of the canopy (CAN ALB) and absorption by the soil (SOIL ABS), between the two level results and the single level results (φ2 − φ1 ) as a function of the fraction of LAI in the top level for a broad range of input parameters. This figure corresponds to the REAL dataset (Table 2 in the main text defines the range of input values of each dataset). The equivalent plot for the ALL dataset is Figure 4 in the main text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marginal values of each of the independent input variables against the fraction of points for which the absolute difference single multi -αcollim ), is less than 0.01 (red), 0.02 (green) and of (αcollim 0.03 (orange) for the 10 level multi-layer model, and below 0.01 (blue) for the 2 level multilevel model. . . . . . . . . . . . Marginal values for each of the independent input variables against nsteps , the total number of iterations required to arrive at a solution, for the ALL dataset, for 2 level model (blue) and the 10 level model (red). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S2 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S6 S7 Marginal values of each of the independent input variables against the fraction of points for which the absolute difference single multi of (αcollim -αcollim ), is less than 0.01 for the REAL value dataset (blue), and the ALL value dataset (red). . . . . . . . . . . . . S9 Marginal values for each of the independent input variables against nsteps , the total number of iterations required to arrive at a solution for the REAL value dataset (blue), and the ALL value dataset (red). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S10 S3 Figure S1: Two level fluxes of transmission (TRAN), total albedo (ALB), top of the canopy (CAN ALB) and absorption by the soil (SOIL ABS) as a function of the one level results for broad wide range of input parameters (see table 2). Different fluxes are represented by different colours. This figure corresponds to the REAL dataset (Table 2 in the main text defines the range of input values of each dataset). The equivalent plot for the ALL dataset is Figure 4 in the main text. S4 Figure S2: Signed differences for various canopy fluxes of transmission (TRAN), total albedo (ALB), top of the canopy (CAN ALB) and absorption by the soil (SOIL ABS), between the two level results and the one level results (φ2 − φ1 ) as a function of the one level results for a broad range of input parameters. This figure corresponds to the REAL dataset (Table 2 in the main text defines the range of input values of each dataset). The equivalent plot for the ALL dataset is Figure 3 in the main text. S5 Figure S3: Signed difference for various canopy fluxes of transmission (TRAN), total albedo (ALB), top of the canopy (CAN ALB) and absorption by the soil (SOIL ABS), between the two level results and the single level results (φ2 − φ1 ) as a function of the fraction of LAI in the top level for a broad range of input parameters. This figure corresponds to the REAL dataset (Table 2 in the main text defines the range of input values of each dataset). The equivalent plot for the ALL dataset is Figure 4 in the main text. S6 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 2 4 6 8 ● ● 10 ● 0.2 0.4 0.6 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 0.8 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 0 2 4 6 8 10 dl (forward scattering efficiency) 0.4 ● ● ●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●●●●● ● 0.2 ● ● 0.4 ● ● ● ● 0.6 ● ● ● 0.8 1.0 Rbgd (background reflectance) 0.5 ● ● ● ● ● 0.3 0.4 ● f) ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 0.0 0.0 ● ● ●● ● ● ●● ●● ●●● 0.0 0.5 ● 0.2 ● ● ● 0.1 0.2 ● frac. of (αmulti − αsingle) > specified limit 0.5 0.4 ● ● ●● ● 0.3 1.0 e) ● ● wl (single scattering albedo) ● 0.3 ●●●●● ● 0.0 d) 0.1 ● ● ● 0.2 0.8 0.6 ● LAItot (m2/m2) frac. of (αmulti − αsingle) > specified limit ● ● ● 0 20 40 60 ● ● ● 80 SZA (Solar Zenith Angle) (°) ● ● ● ● 0.4 0.1 ● 0.1 ● ● ● ● ● 0.3 ● ● ● ● ● 0.2 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 0.1 ● ● ●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 0.0 ● ● ● ● ●● 0.0 ● ● ● frac. of (αmulti − αsingle) > specified limit 0.2 0.3 ● ● ● frac. of (αmulti − αsingle) > specified limit ● ● 0.4 ● 0.2 ● ● ● ● ● 0.0 0.4 ● frac. of (αmulti − αsingle) > specified limit 0.6 0.5 ● ● 0.0 frac. of (αmulti − αsingle) > specified limit 2 levels (< 0.01) 10 levels (< 0.01) 10 levels (< 0.02) 10 levels (< 0.03) c) 0.5 b) 0.7 a) ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 0.0 ● 0.2 0.4 0.6 ● ● 0.8 ● ● ● ● 1.0 fLAI(LAI frac. in top half of canopy) Figure S4: Marginal values of each of the independent input variables against single multi the fraction of points for which the absolute difference of (αcollim -αcollim ), is less than 0.01 (red), 0.02 (green) and 0.03 (orange) for the 10 level multi-layer model, and below 0.01 (blue) for the 2 level multilevel model. S7 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●● 4 6 8 10 150 ● ● ●●● ● ● ● ● ● 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 60 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 4 ● ● ● 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 ● 6 8 10 dl (forward scattering efficiency) ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 0 0 0 2 ● ● ● 0 ● 150 ● 80 ● number of iterations (nsteps) ● 40 20 number of iterations (nsteps) 60 40 ● ● ● ● f) ● ● ● ●● ●● ● ● ● ●● ● Rbgd (background reflectance) 100 100 ● ● ●●● 0.0 e) ● ● ● ● wl (single scattering albedo) d) ● 0 0.0 LAItot (m2/m2) 80 ● ● 0 0 2 20 ● ● ●● number of iterations (nsteps) ● ●● 100 200 ● ● ● ● ● ● 100 ● ● ● ● ● ● 50 ● number of iterations (nsteps) ● ● ● 50 ● 150 ● 100 ● 50 ● ● ● number of iterations (nsteps) 100 ● 50 number of iterations (nsteps) 2 levels 10 levels ● c) 250 b) 150 a) 0 20 40 60 80 SZA (Solar Zenith Angle) (°) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 fLAI(LAI frac. in top half of canopy) Figure S5: Marginal values for each of the independent input variables against nsteps , the total number of iterations required to arrive at a solution, for the ALL dataset, for 2 level model (blue) and the 10 level model (red). S8 ● ● ● ● ● 0.20 ● ● 0.15 0.20 ● ● 0.10 ● ● 10 12 LAItot (m2/m2) ● 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 ● 0.05 ● ● ● ● ●● 0.10 0.4 0.6 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 2 4 6 8 10 0 20 40 60 80 SZA (Solar Zenith Angle) (°) ● 0.00 ● 0.00 0.00 0 1.0 ● ● dl (forward scattering efficiency) 0.8 0.25 frac. of (αtwo − αsingle) > 0.01 0.15 ● 0.2 f) ● 0.05 ● frac. of (αtwo − αsingle) > 0.01 0.10 0.15 e) ● ● Rbgd (background reflectance) wl (single scattering albedo) d) frac. of (αtwo − αsingle) > 0.01 ●●●●● 0.0 0.20 8 ● 0.15 6 ● 0.10 4 ● ● ● ● ●● ● ●●● ●● 0.05 2 ● ● 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 ● ● ● ● ● ● 0.05 ● ● ● ● ● frac. of (αtwo − αsingle) > 0.01 ● ● ● 0.15 ● 0.10 ● ● 0.05 frac. of (αtwo − αsingle) > 0.01 0.10 ● 0.05 frac. of (αtwo − αsingle) > 0.01 REAL value set ALL value set ● c) 0.25 b) 0.15 a) ● ● ● 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 ● ● 1.0 fLAI(LAI frac. in top half of canopy) Figure S6: Marginal values of each of the independent input variables against single multi the fraction of points for which the absolute difference of (αcollim -αcollim ), is less than 0.01 for the REAL value dataset (blue), and the ALL value dataset (red). S9 50 ● ● 30 ● ● ● 6 8 10 12 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 dl (forward scattering efficiency) 0.6 0.8 1.0 40 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 0 10 number of interations (nsteps) 30 ● 20 ● ● 0 0 number of interations (nsteps) 30 ● ● ● ●● ●● 10 ● ● 0.4 f) 40 e) 40 d) 0.2 Rbgd (background reflectance) wl (single scattering albedo) 30 4 ● ● 20 2 ● ●● ●● ● 0 ● ● ● ● ● ● 20 20 ● ● ● ● ● ●●● ● ● ● ● 10 ● ● 40 number of interations (nsteps) 40 30 ● ● LAItot (m2/m2) 20 ● ● 10 0 number of interations (nsteps) ● 0 10 20 ● 10 number of interations (nsteps) 30 ● 0 number of interations (nsteps) REAL value set ALL value set ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● c) 50 b) 40 a) 0 20 40 60 80 SZA (Solar Zenith Angle) (°) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 fLAI(LAI frac. in top half of canopy) Figure S7: Marginal values for each of the independent input variables against nsteps , the total number of iterations required to arrive at a solution for the REAL value dataset (blue), and the ALL value dataset (red). S10 List of Tables 1 Table of the contribution from each input variable to the desingle multi viance in the value of (αcollim - αcollim ), the difference of the collimated albedo for the multi-level and for the single level model, and of the contribution of each input variable to the deviance in the value of nsteps , the total number of iterations required to reach a result in the multi-level model. Same data is displayed in Figures 5 and 6, in the main text . . . . . . . . S12 S11 Table 1: Table of the contribution from each input variable to the deviance single multi - αcollim ), the difference of the collimated albedo for in the value of (αcollim the multi-level and for the single level model, and of the contribution of each input variable to the deviance in the value of nsteps , the total number of iterations required to reach a result in the multi-level model. Same data is displayed in Figures 5 and 6, in the main text 2 levels 10 levels single single multi multi ) nsteps (αcollim -αcollim ) nsteps (αcollim -αcollim LAIef f 3.18e-2 2.43e-2 7.45e-4 5.59e-3 wl 2.87e-1 5.92e-1 4.43e-1 5.31e-1 Rbgd 3.07e-2 3.72e-2 1.31e-1 8.55e-2 dl 6.45e-3 1.96e-2 3.06e-3 3.09e-3 SZA 3.33e-2 5.44e-2 1.05e-3 7.62e-4 fLAI,tot 1.37e-1 1.80e-2 3.42e-2 4.04e-2 (LAIef f , wl ) 3.31e-2 4.23e-2 6.22e-2 7.61e-2 (LAIef f , Rbgd ) 1.24e-2 1.03e-2 3.35e-3 1.45e-3 (LAIef f , dl ) 2.80e-4 9.75e-4 5.17e-6 3.43e-6 (LAIef f , SZA) 3.05e-3 6.26e-3 5.89e-5 1.18e-5 (LAIef f , fLAI,tot ) 3.94e-2 4.97e-3 6.95e-4 4.02e-4 (wl , Rbgd ) 3.04e-2 3.97e-2 1.92e-1 1.35e-1 (wl , dl ) 4.24e-3 1.11e-2 3.16e-3 4.69e-3 (wl , SZA) 2.25e-2 2.38e-5 2.38e-5 2.95e-5 (wl , fLAI,tot ) 1.22e-1 1.10e-2 1.88e-2 2.33e-2 (Rbgd , dl ) 2.18e-3 3.80e-3 1.35e-3 7.27e-4 (Rbgd , SZA) 3.63e-5 5.88e-5 1.00e-4 4.62e-5 (Rbgd , fLAI,tot ) 1.03e-2 1.31e-4 1.12e-2 1.70e-2 (dl , SZA) 2.27e-4 7.75e-4 5.06e-6 2.32e-6 (dl , fLAI,tot ) 2.81e-3 6.63e-4 1.06e-4 1.62e-4 (SZA, fLAI,tot ) 1.07e-2 5.01e-4 9.36e-5 5.98e-5 S12
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