Matter
2.3 The student will investigate and understand basic properties of solids,
liquids, and gases. Key concepts include
a) mass and volume; and
b) processes involved with changes in matter from one state to another
(condensation, evaporation, melting, and freezing).
-Everything is made up of matter.
-Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
-Mass measures the amount of matter.
-A property describes something:
color:
oooo
shape:
size:
texture:
smooth
rough
hard
soft
-The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
-A solid keeps its own shape.
-Solids can be measured by length using a ruler (centimeters) and
can be measured by weight using a balance or scale (grams).
-A liquid does not have its own shape. It takes the shape of the
container.
-Liquids can be measured by volume using milliliters.
-A gas fills all the space inside a container.
-Some different gases are helium, air, oxygen, smoke, and steam.
-Physical Changes:
-Matter can change from one state to another by heating or cooling.
-A solid changes to a liquid by heating or melting.
-A liquid changes to a gas by heating or evaporation.
A gas changes to a liquid by cooling or condensation.
A liquid changes to a solid by cooling or freezing.
-A reversible change can change back.
-An irreversible change cannot change back.
-A mixture is two or more items mixed together. The items don’t
change and can be taken apart.