8th Chapter 10 Study Guide
Multiple Choice
1. GRAPH / ANSWER
2. How did Brigham Young’s influence resolve the western dispute over water rights?
Young promoted the idea that the good of the community should outweigh the
interests of individuals.
3. How did the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, in 1848, affect the United States?
It increased the size of the United States by almost 25%.
4. How did the slavery issue get tied up with “manifest destiny” in the 1840s and 1850s?
Americans did not know if the institution of slavery would be allowed in the new
territories.
5. How would you describe people known as “forty-niners”?
Gold-seekers from America and abroad who migrated to California.
6. PASSAGE / ANSWER
7. What battle led to Texas’s independence?
Battle of San Jacinto.
8. What can be said about the Spanish California mission system?
Many California Indians who labored at the missions died of European diseases.
9. What can said about the Spanish Southwest in the early 1800s?
Pueblo Indians introduced corn and beans to the Spanish colonists.
10. What challenge did Mexican Americans face when American settlers poured into the Southwest
after the Mexican War?
Mexican legal ideas included community water rights and community property
rights, but American legal ideas did not.
11. What challenges did the pioneers face on the Oregon Trail?
Shortage of food, supplies and water; barriers such as mountains; the high cost of
moving a family.
12. What did the Mormons hope to find in the West?
A sense of religious freedom.
8th Chapter 10 Study Guide
13. What happened in California after Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821?
Mexican officials terminated the mission system.
14. What happened to California’s population as a result of the Gold Rush?
Immigrants and Americans flocked to California to “get rich quick” and stayed to
build a stable frontier society.
15. What practices caused the Mormons to be persecuted in the 1850s?
Marriage to more than one wife (polygamy).
16.
What resulted as a result of the mixing of various cultures in the Southwest after the Mexican
Cession?
American Indians were taught to use adobe as a building material in the Southwest.
17. What role did the Transcontinental Railroad play in California’s development?
It gave California’s economy the means to grow by connecting the state to the rest
of the country.
18. What was the significance of Father Hidalgo y Costilla’s rebellion?
It failed to overthrow the Spanish monarch, but inspired the independence
movement to grow.
19. Who mostly used the Santa Fe Trail?
Traders.
20. Who referred to a piece of land as a “stolen province,” and were they talking about?
The Mexicans referred to it as “stolen province” and they were talking about Texas.
21. Who was Stephen F. Austin?
He was an empresario who started a colony on the lower Colorado River in 1822.
22. Why did American settlers move to the Pacific Northwest?
The territorial acquisitions of the U.S. and Spain forced settlers off their land.
23. Why was Astoria significant in the Pacific Northwest at the beginning of the 1800s?
First major fur-trading post; symbol of the drive to explore the American West; one
of the earliest settlements in what becomes Oregon country.
8th Chapter 10 Study Guide
COMPLETION
1. What did “Fifty-four Forty or Fight!” mean?
It referenced to the line to which they wanted their northern territory to extend.
2. What issue was especially important in the West due the region’s dry climate?
Water.
3. What launched the Bear Flag Revolt?
American settlers in California seized the town of Sonoma in 1846.
4. What led to the Mexican-American War?
Dispute over the border between Mexico and the United States.
5. Which Californio encouraged American rule in California?
Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo.
6. Who was Joseph Smith?
Founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Western New York.
7. Who was Winfield Scott?
He was the General who captured Mexico City and ended the Mexican-American
War.
8. Who were mountain men?
They were western fur traders and trappers.
Matching
1. Name an important battle site in the Texas Revolution?
The Alamo.
2. What did Stephen F. Austin do on the lower Colorado River in 1822?
He establish a colony.
3. What gave the United States much of Mexico’s northern territory?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
4. What was the Oregon Trail?
2000 mile route that led from Missouri to the West.
8th Chapter 10 Study Guide
5. Who led the Mormons to Utah?
Brigham Young.
6. Who promised to annex Oregon and Texas?
James K. Polk
7. Who was an African American fur trapper and explorer?
Jim Beckwourth
8. Who was John Jacob Astor?
He was a fur merchant who founded a fur trading post called Astoria.
9. Who was the first president of Texas?
Sam Houston.