Vocabulary
Science
Key Words
Theory
Variable
Accurate
Precise
Reliable
Repeatable
Reproducible
Anomalous
Outlier
Resolution
Model
Evidence
Hypothesis
Correlation
Directly
proportional
Correlation
Conclusion
Evaluation
Control
Measurement
Sample
Range
Intervals
Mean
Comparison
equally
similarly
in comparison
likewise
to contrast
alternatively
despite this
Conclusion
to conclude
in conclusion
finally
Connectives
Evaluate
however
nevertheless
alternatively
despite this
on the contrary
whereas
Connect your
key points with
their evidence.
Connect your
evidence with
your
explanation to
Adding more detail
pick up
and
maximum
also
marks!
in addition
further
furthermore
Time (use in method) as well as
initially
and then
then
next
Interpreting
afterwards
it would seem
finally
it appears
subsequently
indicates
eventually
shows
supports
previously
Persuasion
of course
clearly
evidently
Restriction
only if
unless
except (for)
Evidence
for example
for instance
in other words
to show that
such as
an instance
as revealed by
Summary
in brief
on the whole
summarising
overall
to sum
evidently
Openings
Look for your verbs in
question openers
Connect the question with
the information, data or
diagrams given
RURUW
Read Underline Read
Underline Write
State
Give a definition, point or fact.
Describe
Say how something happens
using evidence.
Explain
Use connectives to say why
something happens.
Evaluate
Punctuation
Full stop
.
These are used at the end of every sentence.
Comma
,
Commas are used 1) to separate the items in a list 2) to mark
the boundaries between main and subordinate clauses.
Speech Marks/Quotation Marks
“”
These surround words actually spoken or exact quotations
from a text.
Exclamation Mark
!
Used to emphasise something. Don’t use more than one.
Question Mark
?
Used at the end of a sentence that is a question.
Apostrophe
’
Apostrophes are used 1) to show possession (the cat’s tail) or
Give both sides of the argument
or evince that support or
disagree with conclusion.
2) to mark omitted letters (can’t, don’t, won’t).
Suggest
These are used to indicate extra information within a
Give a sensible answer based
on your own knowledge.
sentence.
Calculate
Use numbers to work out an
answer or support a written
response
Brackets
Semi-colon
()
;
Semi-colons are used to join two related sentences together
or to separate items in a longer, more wordy list.
Colon
:
To improve your writing you must ensure:
Try these Spelling Strategies:
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Break it into sounds (d-i-a-r-y)
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What you are writing is appropriate for PALL (Purpose Audience Language Layout).
Sentences always start with a capital letter.
Sentences always end with a full stop or a question mark
Vocabulary is accurate.
People, places and titles have capital letters e.g. Newton, Moon, Professor.
A variety of sentences are used – simple, compound and complex.
Simple – The polar bear has small ears.
Compound – The polar bear has small ears which reduce the surface area.
Complex – With a decrease in surface area, the amount of heat lost is reduced.
Writing is organised into paragraphs – start with a topic sentence and use the 3 ‘T’s rule.
You should start a new paragraph when there is a shift of topic, viewpoint or time.
Time – Finally, we recorded all our data in a table and calculated a mean.
Topic – Another factor to consider when evaluating this experiment is…
Talk – (Not used in Science)
Details are included by using the Point, Evidence, Explain or What? And Why? structure
Spelling is accurate – use textbooks.
Punctuation has been used accurately (.,:;?)
Proof read your work aloud to ensure it makes sense.
What do marking codes mean?
Sp – spelling
Pu – punctuation is incorrect and needs checking
Exp – expression of idea could be clearer/needs re-phrasing
Cp – capital letter needed
SS – sentence structure needs altering or variation
// -- new paragraph
pp – poor presentation
u – underline
Break it into syllables (re-mem-ber)
Break it into affixes (dis-satisfy)
Use a mnemonic (necessary – one collar, two sleeves)
Refer to a word in the same family (muscle – muscular)
Say it as it sounds (Wed-nes-day)
Use analogy (bright, light, night)
Watch out for Common
Spelling Mistakes!
In Science
Nutrient
Chromatography
Temperature
Deforestation
Enzyme
Protein
Neutron
Meiosis
Mitosis
Nucleus
Renewable
Yield
Organism
Cells
Glucose
Oxygen
Cytoplasm
Measurement
Height
Mix-ups
Know/no
Their/there/they’re
To/too/two
Of/off
Were/where/wear
Weather/whether
Its/it’s
Lose/loose
General
Beginning
Excellent
Separate
Until
Achievement
Beautiful
Because
Definitely
Opinion
Environment
Government
Really
Necessary
Which