Which presidential campaign slogan
do you feel is most effective?
A. A Chicken in Every Pot
B. Tippecanoe and Tyler Too
C. Are You Better Off Than
You Were Four Years Ago?
D. Ross for Boss
A.
B.
C.
D.
A
B
C
D
Chapter 11 The Jackson Era
(1824-1845)
Section 3 Jackson and the Bank
How do economic issues affect the
president and presidential elections?
The National Bank
• Andrew Jackson hated
the Bank of the United
States
• Jackson felt it helped the
wealthy Easterners
• The bank was a powerful
institution that held the
federal governments
money
• The Bank’s president,
Nicholas Biddle,
represented everything
Jackson disliked
• Jackson was a self made
man while Biddle was
born into a wealthy family
Jackson attacked the Bank of the United States
because
A. it was being run by
corrupt elected officials.
B. it provided loans to
all citizens.
C.
D.
A. A
it financed foreign
B.
B
business deals that
put Americans out of work.
C. C
it was controlled by wealthy Easterners.
D. D
Campaign of 1832
• Jackson’s opponents,
Henry Clay and Daniel
Webster, were friends of
Biddle
• Clay and Webster planned
to use the Bank to defeat
Jackson
• They persuaded Biddle to
apply for an early charter
(The old one did not expire
until 1836)
• Clay and Webster felt that if
Jackson vetoed the charter
it would lead to his defeat
• Clay could then be elected
president
The Bank’s Charter
• When the bill to renew the
Bank’s charter came to
Jackson to sign, he was
sick in bed
• Jackson told his friend
Martin Van Buren- “The
bank…is trying to kill me.
But I will kill it!”
• Jackson vetoed the bill
• Jackson felt the Bank was
unconstitutional (Contrary
to McCulloch v. Maryland)
• “The laws… make the rich
richer”
The Election of 1832
• The plan for gaining
support for Clay
backfired
• Most people supported
Jackson’s veto
• Jackson was reelected
• Jackson chose to “kill”
the Bank ahead of the
1836 schedule
• All money was withdrawn
and put into smaller state
banks
• In 1836 he refused to
sign a new charter for the
Bank, and it closed
Election of 1836
• Jackson decided not to
run for a third term and
the Democrats chose
Martin Van Buren
• A new party, the Whigs,
nominated three
candidates (Each had a
following in different
parts of the country)
• Jackson’s popularity
helped Van Buren win
easily
• Shortly after Van Buren
became president, the
country entered a severe
economic depression
The Panic of 1837
• The depression began
with the Panic of 1837
• Land values dropped,
investments declined,
and banks failed
• 1000s of businesses
closed and people lost
jobs
• In the South, cotton
prices dropped to
record lows
• Farmers went into debt
and lost their land
• In the cities, many
could not afford food or
rent
President Van Buren
• Believed in laissez-faire (Like
Jefferson)
• Van Buren persuaded
Congress to establish an
independent federal treasury in
1840
• The government will not
deposit money in private banks
(Like they did under Jackson)
• The private banks had used
government funds to back their
banknotes
• The new treasury system
would keep this from
happening and avoid crises
• Van Buren’s own party along
with the Whigs criticized the
act
The Whigs
• The Whigs nominated
William Henry Harrison, a
hero of the War of 1812
• John Tyler, a planter from
Virginia, was Harrison’s
running mate
• Harrison won national fame
for defeating Tecumseh’s
followers at the Battle of
Tippecanoe
• The Whig’s used the slogan
“Tippecanoe and Tyler Too”
• To win the election Harrison
had to gain support from the
laborers and farmers who
supported Jackson
What was the reason the Whigs won the 1840
election?
A. They made a “corrupt bargain”
with Henry Clay to steal the
presidency.
B. The Democrats split over
Van Buren.
C.
D.
A. A
B.
B
They ended the Panic of 1837.
They gained support from farmers C. C
and laborers rather than the wealthyD.
elite.
D
The Log Cabin Campaign
• Harrison and the Whigs
chose a log cabin as their
symbol
• Harrison was rich, but
wanted to look like a “man
of the people”
• The Whigs criticized Van
Buren as “King Martin” that
spent the peoples money on
fancy furniture for the White
House
• The Log Cabin Campaign
worked- Harrison won by a
wide margin
• Harrison became the first
Whig president
Harrison’s Inauguration
• Inauguration day
1841- bitter cold
• Harrison insisted
on giving his
speech without a
hat or coat
• He died 32 days
later
• Served the
shortest term of
any American
President
• VP John Tyler
became president
Tyler’s Presidency
• John Tyler had once been a
Democrat
• The Whigs added him to the ticket
with Harrison to attract Southern
voters
• Tyler vetoed many Whig sponsored
bills (Including a recharter of the
Bank)
• His lack of party loyalty outraged
many Whigs
• Whig leaders in Congress expelled
Tyler from the party
• The Whigs could not agree on their
party’s goals
• They voted according to sectional ties
• Henry Clay (Now a Whig) lost the
election of 1844 to Democratic
candidate James Polk
How do economic issues affect the
president and presidential elections?
- Closing of the Bank
- The Panic of 1837
- Economic depression
Chapter 11 Section 3 Quiz
What did Henry Clay and Daniel Webster
use to try to defeat Andrew Jackson in the
1832 presidential election?
A. a new law
B. veto power
C. Bank of the United
States
D. Congress
President Jackson believed that
the Bank of the United States
A. favored the poor.
B. favored the rich.
C. should be
supported.
D. was corrupt.
Two months after President Martin Van
Buren took office, the country went into
A. a severe
depression.
B. economic
prosperity.
C. a recession.
D. a period of inflation.
As their symbol in the election
of 1840, the Whigs adopted the
A.
B.
C.
D.
donkey.
elephant.
log cabin.
bank.
Who was the first vice president to
become president because the elected
president died in office?
A. Andrew Jackson
B. Martin Van Buren
C. William Henry
Harrison
D. John Tyler