Preparation of Fibrous X-Ray Detectable Materials based on Chitosan
Yong Sik Chung1, Pyong Ki Pak1, Dae-Young Lim2, Won Seok Lyoo3
1
2
Department of Textile Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
Technical Textile Team, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Chonan 330-825, Korea
3
School of Textile, Yeungnam University, Kyongsan 712-749, Korea
Barium sulfate(BaSO4) is an ionic compound frequently used clinically as a radio
contrast agent for X-ray imaging and other diagnostic procedures. The composites of BaSO4
and chitosan are expected to provide the radiopacity and biodegradation to the implant
materials. The incorporation of BaSO4 into chitosan can transform the physical shape of
BaSO4 into the fibrous structure and expand the application area of both BaSO4 and chitosan.
Spinning chitosan solution was prepared by dissolving the chitosan and BaCl2 into acetic acid
solution. The ratio of chitosan to BaCl2 was adjusted for the final chitosan/BaSO4 proportion;
90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40. By wet spinning method, the dopes were extruded through 0.1mm
spinneret into NaOH and Na2SO4 aqueous solution as a coagulating bath. The fibers were
washed and dried. BaSO4 was obtained through the reaction between BaSO4 and Na2SO4 in
the coagulation bath and the acidic chitosan solution was also neutralized with NaOH in the
coagulation bach. Thus we could obtain chitosan/BaSO4 composite fibers by coprecipitation.
Fig. 1 showed XRD diffraction patterns for BaSO4 powder, chitosan/BaSO4 composite
fibers(10/90, 20/80, 30/70, 40/60, 50/50), respectively. The typical peaks of BaSO4 crystal
around 43° were shown. The composites exhibited broad diffraction peak due to the low
degree of crystallinity. SEM observation showed level and smooth surfaces, while with an
increase in BaSO4 content, it become in some degree rougher and uneven.(Fig. 2) In
angiographic observation, the chitosan/BaSO4 composites fibers created the clear contrast
images which become clear with an increase in BaSO4 content. We believe that the fibrous
radiopaque materials can provide the radiopacity to implant in the fields of orthopaedic,
dental and vascular biomaterials etc
Keywords: barium sulphate, chitosan, radiopacity, x-ray detectable yarn
Intensity (arbitrary unit)
[1] A.Yokoyama et al., Biomaterials. 23, 1091(2002).
[2] S. Wittaya-areekul et al., J. Pharm. 312, 113(2006).
BaSO4
(a)
Chitosan/BaSO4(50/50)
Chitosan/BaSO4(60/40)
Chitosan/BaSO4(70/30)
(b)
Chitosan/BaSO4(80/20)
Chitosan/BaSO4(90/10)
20
25
30
35
40
2Ąč(degree)
45
50
(c)
Fig. 2. SEM photographs of
Fig. 1. XRD diffractogram of chitosan/BaSO4 fibers; (a)
BaSO4 and chitosan/BaSO4 70/30, (b) 60/40, and (c) 50/50
chitosan/BaSO4.
fibers.
Fig. 3. Angiographic
images of 90/10, 80/20,
70/30, 60/40, 50/50
chitosan/BaSO4 fibers.