Common
Plant
Names
A compendium of historical and culturally
significant (and insignificant) nomenclature
of common wildflowers that has been lost
over the past 150 years.
Compiled by kbarton
Common Plant
Names
A compendium of historical and culturally significant
(and insignificant) nomenclature of common wildflowers
that has been lost over the past 150 years.
Compiled by kbarton
The Elfin Press
2012
Dedication
To
Ethel Halsey
for her long time advocacy
of “perfectly good”
common names.
Introduction
One of the earliest plant names I learned was Old Maid Pinks. My grandmother had Old Maid
Pinks growing around the doorstone of her home when I was child. I never knew if they were
called that because they were as homely as an old maid or because they were the only flowers an
old maid was likely to ever receive. Either way, the name stayed with me through adolescence
and into adulthood when I found they were “really” called Evening Lychnis. The same situation
occurred with Scoke. In spring, my family would go out looking for the new shoots. My mother
would warn us not to pick any that had started to turn red. After gathering them, we would return
home where my mother would cook the spring greens and serve them over toast. So I grew up
with Scoke and only later discovered the books referred to it as Poke or Pokeweed. The old Yankee
names from childhood were gradually replaced by the names found in books. What happened to
me on a personal level also happened on a cultural level.
Nomenclature of plants, both common and scientific, have evolved over the years. Where scientific names keep the nomenclature relevant to current thinking and scientific research, common
names are more likely to reflect the interaction of people with a plant through its uses (Soapwort),
indentifying characteristics (Bloodroot), or effects on either animal or human health (Lambkill or
Madweed). Common names like Lady’s Ear Drop or Old-Maid’s-Nightcap capture the similarity
of a flower to an everyday object and shed light on the culture and attitudes of the past. While the
scientific community keeps a record of past botanical names, nobody really notices when a plant
loses or changes its common name. It was often part of an oral tradition kept alive through use. If it
was replaced with new terminology and/or wasn’t passed to the next generation of speakers, it was
lost. A common name does not affect the scientific status of a plant or the attitudes of the general
public. A rose by any other name would smell as sweet and, no matter what you call Poison Ivy, if
you get a rash from it, you’re going to regret it. This loss/neglect results in a gradual erosion of a
plant’s cultural history and identity.
Over the last 200 years, a number of botanical guides have been written about native plants. These
field guides were/are produced to keep botanical names up to date, to reflect current scientific
thinking and to make the identification easier for both the amateur and professional. For every
generation of naturalists and every region of the country there is THE field guide that becomes
the undeniable authority, standardizing the plant names and locking them into a specific time and
place thereby stripping them of the diversity and richness that comes from their historic place in
the culture.
The early colonists lived in the woods. It wasn’t something that they visited on the weekends. It
was part of their lives. They hunted in them. They got the materials to build their homes from them.
They gathered plants for food, medicines, and household use. And they had names for the plants
they gathered. These names reflected the needs and attitudes of the local community in a specific
geographical area.
Since communication was so difficult in the 17th and 18th centuries, there was no homogenous
development of terminology. The vocabulary of every day life evolved specifically for each region
of the country. This is the same principle that results in the various languages of the world. And, if
England and the U.S. are separated by a common language, so too were New Hampshire and North
Carolina in colonial times. In 1817, Dr. James Bigelow, wrote in his American Medical Botany
Vol. I concerning the development of common names and Poison Sumac; “In Massachusetts it is
universally known by the name Dogwood. This appellation, being applied through out the country
to Cornus florida serves to shew the fallacy of depending on vulgar or provincial names for the
distinction of plants, A mistake of very injurious consequence might easily arise from the confusion of the English names of two trees so dissimilar in their qualities.”
This publication is a collection of common names as found in field guides, educational books and
publications that were printed from 1817 to 1948. Some of these books are in my personal library
and some are references that are available on the internet. I attempted to list a specific version of a
name only once, but included some very similar variations. When a name was found in more than
one book, it was listed under the book in which it was first found. Plants are listed alphabetically
by a common name, usually the one found in Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. This is followed by
the botanical name and the USDA common name for the plant. After this, the names found for
the plant are listed under the source title with the page number. The exception to this is the Herb
Hunter Guide, an online resource, where I have listed the name used at that site. I have also included an index/cross-reference section and a bibliography.
This is not meant to be a complete or definitive collection of common names. The research was
done to satisfy my personal curiosity about old plant names. Thinking that other wild plant people
might find it of interest, I decided to share it.
Kathy Barton
Agrimony
Agrimonia gryposepala
USDA: Tall Hairy Agrimony
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .136
Tall Hairy Agrimony
American Bittersweet
Celastrus scandens
USDA: American Bittersweet
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . .AMERICAN BITTERSWEET
American Bittersweet, False
Bittersweet, Climbing Bittersweet,
Shrubby Bittersweet, Fevertwig,
Fever-twitch, Staff tree, Climbing
Staff tree, Staff vine, Waxwork,
Roxbury Waxwork, Yellowroot,
Climbing Orange-root, Jacob’s-ladder.
American Pennyroyal
Hedeoma pulegioides
USDA: American False Pennyroyal
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . AMERICAN PENNYROYAL
Pennyroyal, Stinking Balm, Mosquito
Plant
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .356
American Pennyroyal, Mock
Pennyroyal, Tickweed, Squaw-mint
American Water Horehound
Lycopus americanus
USDA: American Water Horehound
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . BUGLEWEED
Buglewort, American Water
Hoarhound, Sweet Bugleweed,
Carpenter’s Herb, Green Archangel,
Gypsyweed, Paul’s Betony,
Woodbetony, Wolf Foot, Purple
Archangel, Water Bugle, Gypsywort,
Gypsy Herb, Virginia Hoarhound.
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .334
Bugle-weed, Virginia Horehound,
Archangel (local)
Arethusa
Arethusa bulbosa
USDA: Dragon’s Mouth
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Bulbous-rooted Arethusa
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .190
Indian Pink
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Wild Pink
Arrow Arum
Peltandra virginica
USDA: Green Arrow Arum
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .24
Arrow Arum, Green Arrow Arum
Autumn Coralroot
Corallorhiza odontorhiza
USDA: Autumn Coralroot
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210
Late Coralroot, Small Coralroot
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Crawley, Dragon’s Claw, Chickentoe
ORCHIDS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Dragon Claw, Coral-tooth, Small Late
Coralroot
Beach Pea
Lathyrus japonicus
USDA: Beach Pea
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .314
Seaside Pea, Sea Pea, Beach Pea,
Everlasting Pea
Bearberry
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
USDA: Kinnikinnick
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Bear Berry, Bear’s Grape
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . BEARBERRY
Uva-ursi, Red Bearberry, Bear’sgrape, Bear’s Bilberry, Bear’s
Whortleberry, Foxberry, Upland
Cranberry, Mountain Cranberry,
Crowberry, Mealberry, Rockberry,
Mountain Box, Kinnikinnic,
Killikinnic, Universe Vine, Brawling,
Burren Myrtle, Creashak, Rapper
Dandies (fruit)
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272
Kinnikinnick, Mealy-berry, Hog
Cranberry, Barren Myrtle, Creashals,
Brawlins, Sagachomi
Beechdrops
Epifagus virginiana
USDA: Beechdrops
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .330
Bindweed
Calystegia sepium
USDA: Hedge False Bindweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .238
Hedge Bindweed, Great Bindweed,
Wild Morning Glory, Bell-bind,
Rutland’s Beauty, Lady’s Nightcap
Bird’s Foot Violet
Viola pedata
USDA: Birdfoot Violet
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239
Bird’s foot Violet, Crowfoot Violet,
Velvets, Sand Violet, Wood-violet
Black Cohosh
Actaea podocarpa
USDA: Mountain Bugbane
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .100
Black Snakeroot, Tall Bugbane
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . .COHOSH BUGBANE
Cohosh Bugbane, Bugwort,
Rattlesnakeroot, Rattleweed,
Rattletop, Richweed,
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Rattleroot, Squawroot
Black Mustard
Brassica nigra
USDA: Black Mustard
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . .BLACK MUSTARD
Red Mustard, Brown Mustard,
Cadlock, Kerlock, Senvre, Scurvy
Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta
USDA: Blackeyed Susan
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .142
Cone-flower, Yellow Daisy, Ox-eye
Daisy, Golden Jerusalem
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .402
Brown-eyed Susan, Yellow Ox-eye
Daisy, Great Hairy Rudbeckia
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .183
Cornflower, Black-eyed Susan
Bladder Campion
Silene vulgaris
USDA: Maidenstears
Cancer-root
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Beggar Ticks
Bidens frondosa
Spattling
USDA: Devil’s Beggartick
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .187
Beggar-ticks, Stick-tight, Stick-weed,
Rayless Marigold, Pitch-forks, Common
Bur Marigold
1
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .221
Behen, Cow-bell, Spattering Poppy,
Frothy Poppy
Blazing Star
Liatris scariosa
USDA: Devil’s Bite
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .302
Button Snakeroot, Gay Feather
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Devils Bit, Blazing Star, Rattlesnake
Master
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .374
Large Button Snakeroot, Blue
Blazing Star
Bloodroot
Sanguinaria canadensis
USDA: Bloodroot
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Blood Root, Puccoon, Turmeric, Red
Root
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . BLOODROOT
Redroot, Red Indian Paint, Puccoonroot, Coonroot, White Puccoon,
Pauson, Snakebite, Sweet Slumber
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Indian Plant, Tetterwort, Sanguinaria
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .245
Indian Paint, Red Puccoon
Blue Cohosh
Caulophyllum thalictroides
USDA: Blue Cohosh
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .338
Pappoose Root, Blue Cohosh
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . BLUE COHOSH
Caulophyllum, Blueberry Root, Blue
Ginseng, Yellow Ginseng
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Squawroot
Blue Curls
Trichostema dichotomum
USDA: Forked Bluecurls
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .351
Bastard Pennyroyal
Blue Flag
Iris versicolor
Blue Toadflax
Nuttallanthus canadensis
USDA: Canada Toadflax
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .316
Wild Toadflax, Blue Linaria, Blue
Toadflax
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .361
Blue Toad Flax, Wild Toad Flax
Blue Vervain
Verbena hastata
Boneset
Eupatorium perfoliatum
USDA: Common Boneset
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Thorough Wort, Thorough Wax, Cross
Wort, Bone Set
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .68
Thoroughwort, Ague-weed, Indian
Sage
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . BONESET
USDA: Swamp Verbena
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .296
Wild Hyssop, Simpler’s Joy
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . .BLUE VERVAIN
Verbain, False Verbain, Ironweed
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Blue Vervain, Indian Hyssop
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .322
Purvain, American Vervain, Juno’stears, Pigeon’s Grass (“because
pigeon’s are delighted to be amongst
it, also to eat thereof.”)
Bluets
Houstonia caerulea
USDA: Azure Bluet
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Fairy-Flax, Bluett, Sky-Blue
Houstonia
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .276
Quaker Ladies, Quaker Bonnets,
Venus Pride, Houstonia
LITTLE FLOWER FOLKS I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
Bluetts
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .358
Bluets, Innocence (said to be the only
common name they do not share with
any other flower*), Eyebright, Venus’
Pride, Angel Eyes, Blue-eyed Babies,
Bright-eyes, Star of Bethlehem
* In A Guide to the Wild Flowers, the
name Innocence also refers to
Blue-eyed Mary, Collinsia verna
(pg. 108).
USDA: Harlequin Blueflag
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
Thorough-stem, Thoroughwax, Wood
Boneset, Teasel, Feverwort, Sweating
Plant, Vegetable Antimony, Tearal,
Wild Isaac
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .364
Common Thoroughwort, Thoroughgrow, Thoroughstem, Thorough-wax
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .301
Wild Sage, Cross-wort, Boneset
Bulbous Buttercup
Ranunculus bulbosus
USDA: St. Anthony’s Turnip
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Bulbous Crowfoot, Yellow Weed
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Bulbous Buttercup, English Kingcup,
Frogwort, St. Anthony’s Turnip
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .257
Golden Cups
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .120
King Cup, Gold Cup
Bunchberry
Cornus canadensis
USDA: Bunchberry Dogwood
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .284
Low Cornel, Dwarf Cornel,
Bunchberry
Burdock
Arctium minus
USDA: Lesser Burdock
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . BURDOCK
Cockle Button, Cuckold Dock, Hurrburr, Beggar’s Buttons, Stick-button,
Hardock, Bardane
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Blue Flag, Flower de luce
Bardana, Clotburr
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . BLUEFLAG IRIS
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .90
Iris, Flag Lily, Liver Lily, Snake Lily,
Poison Flag, Water Flag, American
Fleur-de-lis, American Flower-de-luce
Cockle Bur, Beggar’s Button, Cuckoo
Button
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Large Blue Flag
2
Butter-and-eggs
Linaria vulgaris
USDA: Butter and eggs
LITTLE FLOWER FOLKS II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Horse’s Lip
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .347
Butter and eggs, Wild Flax, Devil’s
Flax, Bread and Butter, Wild Snapdragon, Devil’s Flower, Ramsted,
Ramcid, Deadmen’s-bones, Jacob’s
Ladder, Impudent Lawyer
WILD FLOWERS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Toadflax
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .164
Yellow Toad-flax, Bride-weed,
Flaxweed, Eggs-and-bacon
Butterfly Weed
Asclepias tuberosa
USDA: Butterfly Milkweed
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Butterflyweed, Pleurisy Root
Canada Mayflower
Maianthemum canadense
USDA: Canada Mayflower
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Two-leaved Smilacina
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .26
Two-leaved Solomon’s Seal, False
Lily-of-the-Valley, Canada Mayflower
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Wild Lily-of-the-Valley, Cowslip,
Bead-ruby, One-leaf, One-blade
Canadian Cinquefoil
Potentilla canadensis
USDA: Dwarf Cinquefoil
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .114
Cinquefoil, Five Finger
Orange-root, Orange Milkweed
Common Five-finger
Canada-root, Indian Posy, Orange
Swallowwort, Tuberroot, Whiteroot,
Yellow Milkweed
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .313
Butterfly Weed, Colic-root, Flux-root,
Swallow-wort, Orange Apocynum,
Butterfly Flower, Tuber-root,
White-root
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .159
Wind-root, Butterfly-weed,
Pleurisy-root
Buttonbush
Cephalanthus occidentalis
USDA: Common Buttonbush
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Button-wood, American Buttonwood, Globe-flowered Shrub, Pond
Dogwood
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .90
Buttonbush, Globe-flower, Honeyballs, Button-ball Shrub, River-bush
Canada Lily
Lilium canadense
USDA: Canada Lily
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .134
Common Cinquefoil
Five-finger Grass
Wild Strawberry
Cardinal Flower
Lobelia cardinalis
USDA: Cardinalflower
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .352
Red Betty, Slink-weed, Hog’s-physic
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .25
Cardinal Flower, Red Lobelia
Carpenter’s Square
Scrophularia marilandica
USDA: Carpenter’s Square
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . FIGWORT
Maryland Figwort, Heal-all, Pilewort,
Carpenter’s Square
Celandine
Chelidonium majus
USDA: Celandine
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .138
Celandine, Greater Celandine,
Swallow-wort
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . CELANDINE
Chelidonium, Garden Celandine,
Killwart, Wart Flower, Wartweed,
Wartwort, Felonwort, Cockfoot,
Devil’s-milk, Jacob’s-ladder,
Wretweed
Wild Yellow Lily, Meadow Lily, Field
Lily, Canada Lily
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .99
Great Celandine, Kill-wort, Felon-wort
Yellow Lily, Wild Lily
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .302
Blue Sailors, Bunk
Cleavers
Galium aparine
USDA: Stickwilly
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Bed Straw, Catchweed
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .297
Goose Grass, Cleaverwort
Colic-root
Aletris farinosa
USDA: White Colicroot
Star Grass, Blazing Star
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . ALETRIS
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .262
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .135
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . BUTTERFLY WEED
USDA: Chicory
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .183
Chicory
Cichorium intybus
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .127
Tetter-wort
3
Stargrass, Mealy Starwort, Starwort
Unicorn Root, True Unicorn Root,
Unicornplant, Unicorn’s-horn,
Colicroot, Devil’s-bit, Ague Grass,
Aloeroot, Huskwort
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244
Star Root, Ague Root, Crow Corn,
Unicorn Root
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Ague-root, Star-root, Husk-root,
Blazing-star Spanish Bayonet (local)
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .212
Star-grass
Coltsfoot
Tussilago farfara
USDA: Coltsfoot
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . COLTSFOOT
Coltsfoot, Coughwort, Assfoot,
Horsefoot, Foalfoot, Bull’s-foot,
Horsehoof, Colt-herb, Clayweed,
Cleats, Dove-dock, Dummyweed,
Ginger, Gingerroot, Hoofs, Sowfoot,
British Tobacco, Gowan
Common Barberry
Berberis vulgaris
USDA: Common Barberry
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .123
Pepperidge Bush
Common Blue Violet
Viola sororia
USDA: Common Blue Violet
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .312
Common Violet, Purple Violet,
Meadow Violet, Hooded Blue Violet
Common Cat-tail
Typha latifolia
USDA: Broadleaf Cattail
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Broad-leaved Cat-tail, Great Reedmace, Cat-o’-nine-tails, Marsh Beetle,
Marsh Pestle, Cat-tail Flag, Flax-tail,
Black-cap, Bulb-segg, Water Torch,
Bee Bresh, Candlewick, Blackamoor
Common Elder
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis
USDA: American Black Elderberry,
Common Elderberry
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .40
Common Elder, Elderberry,
American Elder, Sweet Elder,
Blackberried Elder
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . AMERICAN ELDER
Sambucus, Elder Flowers, Elder
Blows
Common Juniper
Juniperus communis
USDA: Common Juniper
Common Speedwell
Veronica officinalis
USDA: Common Gypsyweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .314
Common Mallow
Malva neglecta
USDA: Common Mallow
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .52
Cheeses
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209
Common Mallow, Running Mallow,
Blue Mallow, Country Mallow,
Dutch-cheeses, Doll-cheeses, Fairycheeses, Maud, Malice, Round Dock,
Shirt-button Plant
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .60
Low Mallow, Dwarf Mallow, Cheese
Flower
Common Milkweed
Asclepias syriaca
USDA: Common Milkweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .236
Silkweed, Common Milkweed
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312
Cotton-weed, Rubber-tree, Silky
Swallow-wort, Virginia Silk, Virginia
Swallow-wort, Wild Cotton
USDA: Cutleaf Toothwort
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Common Speedwell, Fluellin, Paul’s
Betony, Ground-hele
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . .6
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .238
Cut-leaved Toothwort, Pepper-root
Low Speedwell, Veronica
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .365
Upland Speedwell, Common
Speedwell
Common St. John’swort
Hypericum perforatum
USDA: Common St. Johnswort
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220
Herb John, John’s-wort, Speckled
John, Amber John, Rosin Rose,
Penny-John, Touch-and-Heal
Corn Spurrey
Spergula arvensis
USDA: Corn Spurry
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Pickpurse
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . COMMON JUNIPER
Common Juniper, Fairy Circle,
Hackmatack, Horse Savin, Gorst,
Aiten
Cut-leaved Toothwort
Cardamine concatenata
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Corn-spurry, Cow-quake, Pink-purse,
Pine-cheat, Poverty-weed, Sandweed,
Spurry, Yarr
Cow Vetch
Vicia cracca
Jagged-leaved Toothwort
Cypress Spurge
Euphorbia cyparissias
USDA: Cypress Spurge
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186
Spurge Cypress, Napoleon’s
Plume (local), Bonaparte’s Crown,
Quack Salver’s Grass, Tree Moss,
Balsam, Garden Spurge, Kissme-Dick, Welcome-to-our-house,
Graveyardweed
Daisy Fleabane
Erigeron annuus
USDA: Eastern Daisy Fleabane
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .56
Sweet Scabious, Daisy Fleabane
Dalibarda
Dalibarda repens
USDA: Robin Runaway
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Dalibarda, Dewdrop, Star Violet
Dandelion
Taraxacum officinale
USDA: Bird Vetch
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .280
Tare, Tufted Vetch, Blue Vetch, Cat
Peas, Tinegrass, Cow Vetch
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166
Cat Pea, Time Grass, Bird Vetch, Cat
Vetch
Creeping Snowberry
Gaultheria hispidula
USDA: Creeping Snowberry
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .291
Moxie Plum, Creeping Snowberry
Culver’s Root
Veronicastrum virginicum
USDA: Culver’s Root
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . CULVERS-PHYSIC
Culvers-physic, Culvers-root,
Blackroot, Bowmansroot, Beaumont
Root, Brinton Root, Tall Speedwell,
Tall Veronica, Physic-root,
Whorlywort
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Leptandra
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .297
Black-root
4
USDA: Common Dandelion
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . DANDELION
Doon-head-clock, Fortune Teller,
Horse Gowan, Yellow Gowan, Oneo’clock
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .421
Common Dandelion, Blow-ball,
Puff Ball, Cancer Wort, Milk-witch,
Monk’s-head, Priest’s-crown, Arnica,
Witches’ Gowan, Fortune-teller
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .193
Blowball, Lion’s-tooth, Cankerwort,
Irish Daisy
Deadly Nightshade
Solanum dulcamara
USDA: Climbing Nightshade
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170
Bitter Sweet, Woody Nightshade
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .282
Blue Bindweed, Felonwort,
Scarletberry, Snakeberry, Poison
Flower
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312
Bittersweet Nightshade
Dutchman’s Breeches
Dicentra cucullaria
USDA: Dutchman’s Breeches
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Ear-drops, White Hearts, Soldier Caps
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Indian Boys and Girls
Dwarf Ginseng
Panax trifolius
USDA: Dwarf Ginseng
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .20
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Mortal, Fever Twig, Violet Bloom
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .338
Bitter Nightshade, Dulcamara,
Dogwood, Climbing Nightshade
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .360
Nightshade, Bittersweet, Poison
Berry, Poison-flower, Snake Berry
Devil’s Bit
Chamaelirium luteum
USDA: Fairywand
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . CHAMAELIRIUM
Helonias, Unicorn Root, False
Unicorn Root, Blazing-star, Drooping
Starwort, Starwort, Unicorn’s-horn.
Devil’s Paint-brush
Hieracium aurantiacum
USDA: Orange Hawkweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .172
Orange Hawkweed, Tawny
Hawkweed, Devil’s Paint-brush,
Grim the Collier
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .199
Golden Mouse-ear Hawkweed
Dodder
Cuscuta Gronovii
USDA: Scaldweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .84
Common Dodder, Strangle-weed,
Love Vine, Angel’s Hair
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .317
Wild Dodder, Scald Weed, Onion
Dodder, Devil’s-gut
Dog Violet
Viola labradorica
USDA: Alpine Violet
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .311
Running Violet, Dog Violet
Dwarf Ginseng, Ground Nut
Early Saxifrage
Saxifraga virginiensis
USDA: Early Saxifrage
LITTLE FLOWER FOLKS I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
Virginia Saxifrage
Elecampane
Inula helenium
USDA: Elecampane Inula
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .164
Elecampane, Horseheal, Yellow
Starwort
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . ELECAMPANE
Inula, Inul, Elf Dock, Elfwort, Horse
Elder, Velvet Dock, Wild Sunflower
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
Scabwort
Evening Lychnis
Silene latifolia ssp. alba
USDA: Bladder Campion
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .50
White Campion, Evening Lychnis
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
Bladder Campion, Catchfly, Devil’s
Rattle-box, Rattle-box, Bull Rattle,
Snappers, Cow-bell, Knap-bottle,
White-bottle, Frothy Poppy, Bubble
Poppy, Sprattling Poppy, Spider’s
Flower, White-hen, Sea-pink, Bird’seggs, Behen, Maiden’s-tears
Evening Primrose
Oenothera biennis
USDA: Common Evening
Primrose
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .154
Common Evening Primrose, Evening
Primrose, Night Willow-herb
5
Fall Dandelion
Leontodon autumnalis
USDA: Fall Dandelion
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .166
Autumn Hawkbit
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .420
Fall Dandelion, Hawk-bit, Arnica,
August Flower, Lion’s-tooth, Dog
Dandelion, Arnica Bud
False Hellebore
Veratrum viride
USDA: Green False Hellebore
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
American Hellebore, Hellebore, Poke
Root
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Puppet-root
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . AMERICAN FALSE-HELLEBORE
True Veratrum, Green Veratrum,
American Veratrum, Swamp
Hellebore, Big Hellebore, Bear Corn,
Bugbane, Bugwort, Devil’s-bite,
Earth Gall, Tickleweed, Duck-retter.
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
American Hellebore, Green Hellebore
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .206
American White Hellebore, Indian
Poke, Itch-weed
False Solomon’s Seal
Maianthemum racemosum
USDA: Feathery False Lily of the Valley
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .32
False Spikenard, Solomon’s Zigzag
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
False Solomon’s Seal, Job’s Tears,
Golden Seal, Small Soloman’s Seal,
Zigzag Solomon’s Seal
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .207
Wild Spikenard
Fern-leaved False Foxglove
Aureolaria pedicularia
USDA: Fernleaf Yellow False Foxglove
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160
Bushy Gerardia
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .230
Fern Leaf False Foxglove, Lousewort
False Foxglove
Flowering Dogwood
Cornus florida
USDA: Flowering Dogwood
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Dogwood
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . FLOWERING DOGWOOD
Flowering Dogwood, Cornus,
American Dogwood, Virginia
Dogwood, Florida Dogwood,
American Cornelian Tree, Flowering
Corner, Florida Cornel, White Cornel,
Indian Arrowwood, Nature’s-mistake
Foam-flower
Tiarella cordifolia
USDA: Heartleaf Foamflower
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .10
Foam-flower, False Mitrewort,
Coolwort, Nancy-over-the-ground
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
White Coolwort
For-get-me-not
Myosotis scorpioides
USDA: True Forget-me-not
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .313
Mouse-ear, Snake Grass, Scorpion
Grass, Love-me
Four-leaved Milkweed
Asclepias quadrifolia
USDA: Fourleaf Milkweed
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Four-leaved Swallow-wort
Fringed Polygala
Polygala paucifolia
USDA: Gaywings
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Few-leaved Polygala, Large-flowered
Milk-wort, Evergreen Snake-root
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .210
Fringed Milkwort, Gaywings,
Flowering Wintergreen, Fringed
Polygala
WILD FLOWERS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Bird-on-the-Wing
Frostweed
Helianthemum canadense
USDA: Longbranch Frostweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .182
Gill-over-the-ground
Glechoma hederacea
USDA: Ground Ivy
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .276
Ground Ivy, Ground Joy, Creeping
Charlie, Field Balm
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . GROUND-IVY
Gill, Robin-runs-away
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
Gill-go-by-the-ground, Ale Hoof,
Turnhoof
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .328
Gill-over-the-ground, Robin-runaway,
Gill-ale, Hayhoof, Hedge-maids
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .354
Hay-maids, Cat’s Foot
Goat’s Rue
Tephrosia virginiana
USDA: Virginia Tephrosia
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .240
Wild Sweet Pea, Cat-gut
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160
Goat’s Rue, Hoary Pea, Wild Pea,
Turkey Pea, Indian Bean, Catgut,
Devil’s Shoe-strings
Golden Alexanders
Zizia aurea
USDA: Golden Zizia
Goldenseal
Hydrastis canadensis
USDA: Goldenseal
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . GOLDENSEAL
Yellowroot, Yellow Puccoon,
Orange-root, Yellow Indian Paint,
Turmeric Root, Indian Turmeric, Ohio
Curcuma, Ground Raspberry, Eyeroot,
Eyebalm, Yelloweye, Jaundice Root,
Indian Dye
Goldthread
Coptis trifolia
USDA: Three-leaf Goldthread
Coptis
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . .GOLDTHREAD
Coptis, Cankerroot
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Mouth Root, Yellow Root
Grass Pink
Calopogon tuberosus
USDA: Tuberous Grasspink
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
Beautiful Calopogon
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .222
Calopogon
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Bearded Pink, Swamp Pink
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .33
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .116
Golden Alexanders, Early Meadow
Parsnip
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .155
Golden Meadow Parsnip
Golden Ragwort
Packera aurea
USDA: Golden Ragwort
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .120
Groundsel, Squaw-weed
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . GOLDEN GROUNDSEL
Golden Groundsel, Golden Ragwort,
Coughweed, Grundy-swallow
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242
Ragwort, Golden Senecio, Female
Regulator, Coughweed, Cocash Weed
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .192
Life-root, Swamp Squaw-weed, False
Valerian
Rockrose, Frost-flower, Longbranched Frostweed, Canadian
Rockrose, Frostweed
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .147
Frostwort, Canadian Rock Rose
6
Grass Pink
Greenbrier
Smilax rotundifolia
USDA: Roundleaf Greenbrier
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .298
Catbrier, Horse-brier
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Green-brier, Cat-brier, Wait-a-bit,
Biscuit leaves, Bamboo-brier, Devil’s
Hop-vine, Hungry Vine, Bread-andbutter
Groundnut
Apios americana
USDA: Groundnut
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .334
Wild Bean
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169
Ground-nut, Wild-bean, Groundpea, Trailing-pea, Potato-pea, Pigpotato, Indian-potato, White-apple,
Traveler’s-delight
Heal-all
Prunella vulgaris
USDA: Common Selfheal
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Late-flowering Self-heal, Lanceleaved Prunella
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290
Wound Wort, Hercules Wound Wort,
Panay, All Heal, Brownwort, Sickle
Wort, Self Heal
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .331
Carpenter-weed, Sicklewort
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .355
Self-heal, Heal-all, Blue Curls,
Thimble-flower, All-heal, Carpenter’sHerb, Heart-of-the-earth, Brunella
Herb Robert
Geranium robertianum
USDA: Robert Geranium
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .198
Red Robin, Red Shanks, Dragon’s
Blood, Herb Robert
Horse Balm
Collinsonia canadensis
USDA: Richweed
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . CITRONELLA HORSEBALM
Collinsonia, Knob Glass, Knobweed,
Knotroot, Richweed, Richleaf, Ox
Balm
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247
Hardrock, Horse-weed, Heal-all,
Oxbalm, Knob Root, Stone Root
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .160
Stone-root, Citronella, Horse-balm
Horse Nettle
Solanum carolinense
USDA: Carolina Horsenettle
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
Carolina Nightshade, Horse-nettle
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . HORSE NETTLE
Radical-weed, Tread-softly, Apple of
Sodom
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .269
Wild Bull Nettle, Bull Nettle, Band
Brier, Horse Nettle, Sand Brier
Horseweed
Conyza canadensis
USDA: Canadian Horseweed
Indian Hemp
Apocynum cannabinum
USDA: Indianhemp
Jewelweed
Impatiens capensis
USDA: Jewelweed
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . HEMP DOGBANE
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .156
Hemp Dogbane, Black Hemp,
Black Indian Hemp, Canadian
Hemp, American Hemp, Bowmans
Root, Bitterroot, Indian-Physic,
Rheumatism Weed, Milkweed, Wild
Cotton, Choctaw-root
Spotted Touch-me-not, Silver Cap,
Lady’s Ear Drop, Snap Weed,
Wild Balsam, Wild Lady’s Slipper,
Jewelweed
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .293
Amy-root
Indian Pipe
Monotropa uniflora
USDA: Indianpipe
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
One-flowered Wax-plant
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .46
Corpse Plant, Ice-Plant, Ghost-flower
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204
Impatience, Jewel-weed, Touch-menot, Sling-fruit, Snap-weed, Snapdragon, Kicking-colt, Kicking-horses,
Speckled Jewels, Ear-jewel, Ear-drop,
Ladies’ Slipper
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .143
Balsam, Silver Leaf
Jimsonweed
Datura stramonium
USDA: Jimsonweed
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Indian Pipe, Dutchman’s Pipe,
Fairy Smoke, American Ice Plant,
Convulsion Weed, Eyebright, Bird’s
Nest
Thorn Apple, Apple of Peru, Devil’s
Apple, Jamestown Weed
Indian Tobacco
Lobelia inflata
USDA: Indian-tobacco
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177
Indian Tobacco
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .105
Stramonium, Devil’s Trumpet
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . JIMSON WEED
Jamestown Lily, Devil’s Apple,
Madapple, Stinkwort, Fireweed,
Dewtry
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . LOBELIA
Lobelia, Gagroot, Vomitwort,
Pukeweed, Bladder Pod, Emetic Herb,
Low Belia
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .373
Wild Tobacco, Gag-root, Asthma
Weed, Bladder-pod Lobelia
Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Arisaema triphyllum
USDA: Jack in the Pulpit
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Dragon Root, Indian Turnip
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . JACK-IN-THE-PULPIT
Wild Turnip, Arum, Three-leaved
Arum, Wakerobin, Wild Pepper,
Dragon-turnip, Brown Dragon,
Devil’s-ear, Marsh Turnip, Swamp
Turnip, Meadow Turnip, Pepper
Turnip, Starchwort, Bog Onion,
Priest’s-pintle, Lords-and-Ladies
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205
Pride Weed, Colt’s Tail, Canada
Fleabane, Butterweed, Bitterweed
7
Stink-weed, Apple-Peru
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .344
Jimson Weed, Peru Apple, Stinkweed,
Thorn-apple
Joe-Pye-weed
Eupatorium purpureum
USDA: Sweetscented Joe Pye Weed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .250
Trumpetweed, Gravel-root, Kidney-root,
Purple Thoroughwort, Tall Boneset,
Purple Boneset, Joe-Pye Weed
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210
Joe-Pie
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .89
Queen-of-the-Meadow
Ladies’ Tresses
Spiranthes ssp.
USDA: Lady’s Tresses
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
Spiral Neotia, Ladies Traces (both
names refer specifically Neotia
tortilis)
LITTLE FLOWER FOLKS II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Twist Flower
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Wild Tube Rose, Screw Auger
ORCHIDS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . .66, 127
Ladies’ traces “…likened the
arrangement of the flowers to the
traces or strings of a bodice.”
“ S. cernua is popularly called
Drooping or Nodding ladies’ tresses,
and in the old botanies, the Noddingflowered Neottia.”
Large Purple-fringed Orchid
Platanthera grandiflora
USDA: Greater Purple Fringed Orchid
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .234
Large Purple Fringed Orchis, Early
Fringed Orchis, Purple Fringed Orchis
ORCHIDS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Tattered-fringe Orchis
Large Round-leaved Orchid
Platanthera orbiculata
USDA: Lesser Roundleaved Orchid
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .64
Large Round-leaved Orchis, Greater
Green Orchis
Larger Bur Marigold
Bidens laevis
USDA: Smooth Beggartick
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .176
Brook Sunflower, Larger Burmarigold
Lesser Stitchwort
Stellaria graminea
USDA: Grass-like Starwort
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Grass-leaved Stitchwort
Live-for-ever
Hylotelephium telephium
USDA: Witch’s Moneybags
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .254
Garden Orpine, Mid-summer-men,
Pudding-bag Plant, Live-long,
Witches’ Money, Garden Stone-crop
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .160
Aaron’s Rod
Lousewort
Pedicularis canadensis
USDA: Canadian Lousewort
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .216
Wood Betony, Beefsteak Plant, High
Heal-all, Lousewort
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .285
Betony
Mad-dog Skullcap
Scutellaria lateriflora
USDA: Blue Skullcap
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Blue Scull-cap
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .294
Mad-dog Skullcap, Helmet Flower,
Madweed, Hoodwort
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229
Scull-cap, Side-flowering Scullcap,
Blue Pimpernell, Mad Dogweed
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .352
Skullcap, Mad-dog
Many-flowered White Aster
Symphyotrichum ericoides
USDA: White Heath Aster
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .304
White Heath Aster, Frost-weed
Aster, Frostweed, Michaelmas Daisy,
Farewell Summer, White Rosemary,
Dog-fennel, Mare’s tail, Scrub-brush
Marsh Marigold
Caltha palustris
USDA: Yellow Marsh Marigold
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .112
Meadow-gowan, American Cowslip
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Meadow Bouts, Water Dragon
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .121
Cowslip, Meadow Gowan
May Apple
Podophyllum peltatum
USDA: Mayapple
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
May Apple, Mandrake
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .97
Wild Lemon, Hog Apple
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Umbrella Leaf
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . MAYAPPLE
Wild Mandrake, American Mandrake,
Ground Lemon, Devil’s Apple, Indian
Apple, Duck’s-foot, Umbrella Plant,
Vegetable Calomel
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161
Raccoon Berry
8
Meadow Beauty
Rhexia virginica
USDA: Handsome Harry
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Virginia Rhexia
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .246
Meadow Beauty, Deer-Grass
Meadow-sweet
Spiraea alba var. latifolia
USDA: White Meadowsweet
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .228
Queen-of-the-Meadows, Quaker Lady,
Meadow-sweet
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .258
Willow-leaved Meadow-sweet,
American Meadow-sweet
Mitrewort
Mitella diphylla
USDA: Twoleaf Miterwort
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
American Bastard Sanicle, Twoleaved Mitella
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .10
Bishop’s Cap
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Fringe Cup, Two-leaved Bishop’s Cap
Mossy Stonecrop
Sedum acre
USDA: Goldmoss Stonecrop
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
Stone Crop, Mossy Stone Crop,
Pricket, Mouse-tail, Wall-pepper,
Country-pepper, Jack-of-the-buttery,
Golden Chain, Creeping Jack, Bird’s
Bread, Mountain Moss, Pride-madam,
Biting Orpine, Love-entangled,
Treasure-glove, Tangle-tail, Rockplant, Golden Moss, Biting Stone
crop, Creeping Charlie, Wall-moss,
Pepper Crop, Ginger, Poor-man’spepper, Little House Leek, Welcomehome-husband-though-ever-so-drunk
Motherwort
Leonurus cardiaca
USDA: Common Motherwort
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .332
Motherwort, Lion’s-tail, Lion’s-ear,
Throwwort
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .84
Cowthwort
Mountain Laurel
Kalmia latifolia
USDA: Mountain Laurel
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .212
American Laurel, Calico Bush,
Spoonwood, Calmoun, Broad-leaved
Kalmia
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .70
Ivy-bush, Kalmia, Mountain Laurel
Mullein
Verbascum thapsus
USDA: Common Mullein
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .144
Common Mullein, Velvet Plant, Flannel
Plant, Mullein Dock, Aaron’s Rod
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .282
Velvet Dock, Mullen Dock
Nodding Trillium
Trillium cernuum
USDA: Whip-poor-will Flower
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Drooping Three-leaved Nightshade,
Drooping Trillium, Nodding Trillium
NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Smiling Trillium
One-flowered Pyrola
Moneses uniflora
USDA: Single Delight
LITTLE FLOWER FOLKS II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Monesis, Our Delight
Oswego Tea
Monarda didyma
Great Mullein, Adam’s-flannel, Oldman’s-flannel, Blanket leaf, Bullock’s
Lungwort, Cow’s Lungwort, Clown’s
Lungwort, Candlewick, Feltwort,
Hare’s-beard
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .345
Velvet Mullein, Aaron’s Flannel,
Jupiter’s Staff, Shepherd’s Club,
Hedge Taper, Ice-leaf, Jacob’s
Staff, Peter’s Staff, Torches, Lady’s
Foxglove, Torchwort
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .161
Flannel-leaf
Narrow-leaved Cat-tail
Typha angustifolia
USDA: Narrowleaf Cattail
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Cat-o’-nine-tails, Cat-tail Flag, Lesser
Reed Mace
New England Aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
USDA: New England Aster
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .304
Starwort, New England Aster
New Jersey Tea
Ceanothus americanus
USDA: New Jersey Tea
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .100
Red-root, New Jersey Tea
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214
Wild Snowball
New York Ironweed
Vernonia noveboracensis
USDA: Rock Harlequin
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .41
Pink Corydalis
Partridge Berry
Mitchella repens
USDA: Partridgeberry
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Creeping Mitchella, Partridge-berry,
Chequer-berry
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Partridge Berry, Partridge Vine, Twinberry, Mitchella-vine, Squawberry
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241
USDA: Scarlet Beebalm
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .246
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . .MULLEIN
Pale Corydalis
Corydalis sempervirens
Bee Balm
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .20
Indian’s Plume, American Bee-balm,
Oswego Tea
Ox-eye Daisy
Leucanthemum vulgare
USDA: Oxeye Daisy
Squaw Vine, One Berry,
Checkerberry, Winter Clover,
Deerberry, Hive Vine
Partridge Pea
Chamaecrista fasciculata
USDA: Partridge Pea
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .166
Large-flowered Sensitive Plant
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .244
Large Sensitive Plant
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .268
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
White Daisy
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .407
Big Bull, Bull’s Eye Daisy, Butter
Dog, Dog-blow, Dutch Morgan, Field
Daisy, Great White Ox-eye Daisy,
Farmer’s Curse, Herb-margaret,
Horse, Horse-gowan, Margarite,
Maudlin, Mid-summer Moon, Ox-eye
Daisy, Moon-penny, Poverty-weed,
Poor-land, Moon-flower, Sheriff-pink,
White-man’s-weed
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .313
Prairie Senna, Large-flowered
Sensitive Pea, Wild Sensitive Plant
Pasture Rose
Rosa carolina
USDA: Carolina Rose
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .49
Swamp Rose
Pearly Everlasting
Anaphalis margaritacea
USDA: Western Pearly Everlasting
Daisy, White-weed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .86
Painted Cup
Castilleja coccinea
Large-flowered Everlasting,
Immortelle, Silver-leaf, Cotton-weed,
Moonshine, None-so-pretty
USDA: Scarlet Indian Paintbrush
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .260
Scarlet Painted Cup, Painted Cup,
Indian Paint-brush
NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Scarlet Cup
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .399
Silver-button (local name), Pearly
Everlasting, Silver-leaf Everlasting,
Lady-never-fade, Poverty-weed,
Indian Posy, Ladies’ Tobacco
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .308
Painted Trillium
Trillium undulatum
USDA: Painted Trillium
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Sarah
USDA: New York Ironweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .300
Ironweed, Flat Top
9
Life Everlasting, Cotton-weed
Peppermint
Mentha ×piperita
USDA: Peppermint
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . .PEPPERMINT
American Mint, Lammint
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .358
Lamb-mint, Brandy-mint
Perfoliate Bellwort
Uvularia perfoliata
USDA: Perfoliate Bellwort
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
Pale Perfoliated Uvularia
Pink Azalea
Rhododendron prinophyllum
USDA: Early Azalea
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .208
Pinxter Flower, Wild Azalea, Wild
Honeysuckle, Pink Azalea, Purple
Azalea
Pink Knotweed
Polygonum pensylvanicum
USDA: Pennsylvania Smartweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .248
Smartweed, Common Persicaria,
Jointweed, Pink Knotweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .122
Bellwort
NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Wood Daffodil
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .96
Straw Bell
Pigweed
Chenopodium album
USDA: Lambsquarters
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Lamb’s Quarters, Pigweed, Smooth
Pigweed, White Goosefoot, Frost
Bite, Mealweed, Meldweed,
Beaconweed, Fat-hen, Muckweed,
Wild Spinach, Jerusalem Oak
Pimpernel
Anagallis arvensis
USDA: Scarlet Pimpernel
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .236
Poor-man’s Weather-glass, Shepherd’s
Weatherglass
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Pennsyvania Persicaria, Glandular
Persicary, Purple-lead
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .35
Persicaria
Pink Ladyslipper
Cypripedium acaule
USDA: Moccasin Flower
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .204
Stemless Lady’s Slipper, Venus’
Lady’s Slipper, Moccasin Flower
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Pink Lady’s Slipper, Purple Lady’s
Slipper, Indian Moccasin, Noah’s Ark,
Nerve Root, Camel’s Foot, Squirrel
Shoes, Two-lips, Old-goose
Pipsissewa
Chimaphila umbellata
USDA: Pipsissewa
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Pipsissewa, Winter Green,
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .296
Shepherd’s Clock, Poison Chickweed,
Red Chickweed, Burnet Rose, Red
Pimpernel, Bird’s-eye, Bird’s-tongue,
Inn Flower, Eyebright, Shepherd’s
Delight, Wink-a-peek, Shepherd’s
Warning, Shepherd’s Sundial
Pinesap
Monotropa hypopithys
USDA: Pinesap
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .234
Prince’s Pine
Pitcher-plant
Sarracenia purpurea
USDA: Purple Pitcherplant
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .202
Indian Dipper, Side-saddle Flower,
Huntsman’s Cup
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .196
Fly Trap
LITTLE FLOWER FOLKS I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Monkey Pitchers
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
Pitcher-Plant, Huntsman-cup,
Eve’s-cup, Indian Pitcher, Indiancup, Meadow-cup, Fever-cup,
Adam’s Pitcher, Forefather’s
Pitcher, Foxglove, Small-poxplant, Adam’s-cup, Forefather’scup, Whippoorwill’s-boots,
Whippoorwill’s-shoes, Watches
NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Soldier’s Drinking Cup
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .14
Indian Cup
Poison Hemlock
Conium maculatum
USDA: Poison Hemlock
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . POISON HEMLOCK
Poison Hemlock, Spotted Parsley,
Spotted Cowbane, Poison Parsley, St.Bennet’s-herb, Bad-man’s-oatmeal,
Wode-whistle, Cashes, Bunk, Heckhow, Poison Root, Spotted Hemlock,
Spotted Conium, Poison Snakeweed,
Beaver Poison
Poison Ivy
Toxicodendron radicans
USDA: Eastern Poison Ivy
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . PIPSISSEWA
Common Pipsissewa, Prince’s Pine
Pyrola, Rheumatism Weed, Bitter
Wintergreen, King’s-cure, Love-inWinter, Noble Pine, Pine Tulip
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .195
Princess Pine, False Wintergreen,
Ground Holly
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .330
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Poison Ivy, Poison Creeper
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .34
Three-leaved Ivy, Mercury
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192
Climath, Mercury Vine, Poison Ash,
Poison Oak, Black Mercury, Climbing
Ivy, Mark-weed, Pickry
Poison Sumac
Toxicodendron vernix
Pinesap, False Beechdrops, Yellow
Bird’s Nest
USDA: Poison Sumac
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .18
Bird’s Nest
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
Poison Tree, Poison Wood, Poison
Ash, Dogwood (MA)
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194
Poison Sumach, Poison Elder, Poison
Dogwood
10
Poke Milkweed
Asclepias exaltata
USDA: Poke Milkweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .102
Tall Milkweed, Poke Milkweed
Pokeweed
Phytolacca americana
USDA: American Pokeweed
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Pocan, Garget, Cocum, Jalap, Pigeon
Berries
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .92
Pokeweed, Pigeon-berry, Scoke, Inkberry, Garget
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . POKEBERRY
Virginia Poke, Red Inkberry,
American Nightshade, Cancer Jalap
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202
Coakum
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .217
Poke
Purple Corn Cockle
Agrostemma githago
USDA: Common Corncockle
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
Corn-pink, Corn-mullen, Mullen
Pink, Old Maid’s Pink
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .35
Corn Cockle, Corn Rose, Corn
Campion, Crown-of-the-field
Purple Gerardia
Agalinis purpurea
USDA: Purple False Foxglove
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .266
Large Purple Gerardia
Purple Milkwort
Polygala sanguinea
USDA: Purple Milkwort
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Purple Milkwort
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .210
Common Milkwort, Field Milkwort,
Purple Polygala
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180
Century (local name), Bitter
Milkwort, Pink Milkwort
Purple Trillium
Trillium erectum
Ragged Green Orchid
Platanthera lacera
USDA: Red Trillium
USDA: Green Fringed Orchid
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . PURPLE TRILLIUM
Bethroot, Trillium, Red Trillium,
Purple Trillium, Ill-scented Trillium,
Birthwort, Bathwort, Bathflower,
Red Wake-robin, Purple Wake-robin,
Red-benjamin, Bumblebee Root,
Daffydowndilly, Dishcloth, Indian
Balm, Indian Shamrock, Nosebleed,
Squawflower, Squawroot, Wood Lily,
Truelove
NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Death Flower, Birth-root
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .321
Birthroot, Ill-scented Wake-robin
Purple-stemmed Aster
Symphyotrichum puniceum
USDA: Purplestem Aster
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .383
Red-stalk Aster, Early Purple Aster,
Swanweed, Cocash, Meadow Scabish
Pussy-toes
Antennaria plantaginifolia
USDA: Woman’s Tobacco
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .12
Early Spring Everlasting, Plantainleaved Everlasting, Mouse-ear Everlasting, White Plantain, Ladies Tobacco
Queen Anne’s Lace
Daucus carota
USDA: Queen Anne’s Lace
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .88
Wild Carrot, Bird’s Nest, Queen
Anne’s Lace
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Bee’s Nest Plant, Bird’s Nest Root
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .257
Bird’s Nest Plant, Crow’s Nest, Laceflower, Parsnip, Devil’s-plague
Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Trifolium arvense
USDA: Rabbitfoot Clover
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .252
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .62
Fringed Green Orchis, Ragged
Fringed Orchis
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Ragged Orchid, Green Fringed Orchid
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .110
Ragged Orchis
Rattlesnake Plantain
Goodyera pubescens
USDA: Downy Rattlesnake Plantain
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .62
Rattlesnake Plantain , Downy
Rattlesnake Plantain
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .211
Net Leaf Plantain, Scrofula Weed,
Adder’s Violet
ORCHIDS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
Barton’s Vein-leaved Neottia
Rattlesnakeroot
Prenanthes altissima
USDA: Tall Rattlesnakeroot
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .332
Wild Lettuce, Canker-weed, Lion’s
Foot
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .314
White Cankerweed, Rattlesnake-root
Rattlesnake-weed
Hieracium venosum
USDA: Rattlesnakeweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .174
Early Hawkweed, Vein-leaf
Hawkweed, Snake Plantain, Poor
Robin’s Plantain
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .200
Hawkbit
Red Clover
Trifolium pratense
USDA: Red Clover
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
Broad-leaved Clover, Sugar-plums,
Cow-grass
Old Field Clover, Rabbit-foot’s Clover,
Stone Clover
WILD FLOWERS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . .23
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .50
Pussy-foot Clover, Hare’s-foot
Clover, Rabbit-foot Clover, Pussy
Clover, Calf Clover, Stone Crop,
Poverty-grass, Dogs and Cats,
Pussies, Pussy cats
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .263
Hare’s-foot, Rabbit-root
11
Common Red Clover
Purple Clover, Meadow Clover
Rhododendron
Rhododendron maximum
USDA: Great Laurel
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
American Rose Bay
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .69
American Rhododendron, Great
Rhododendron, Great Laurel, Rose
Tree, Rose Bay
Robin’s Plantain
Erigeron pulchellus
USDA: Robin’s Plantain
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .384
Poor Robin’s Plantain, Rose Petty,
Robert’s Plantain, Blue Spring Daisy
Rose Pink
Sabatia angularis
USDA: Rosepink
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
American Centaury, Centaury
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Bitter-bloom, Bitter Clover
Rose Pogonia
Pogonia ophioglossoides
USDA: Snakemouth Orchid
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Adder’s Tongue Pogonia
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .222
Sweet Pogonia, Snake Mouth, Rose
Pogonia
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Adder’s Mouth Pogonia, Snakemouth
Round-leaved Hepatica
Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa
USDA: Roundlobe Hepatica
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .270
Liverleaf, Hepatica, Liverwort,
Round-lobed Liverleaf, Kidney
Liverleaf, Noble Liverleaf,
Squirrel Cup
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . .LIVERLEAF
Common Liverleaf, Heart Liverwort,
Three-leaved Liverwort, Liverweed,
Herb Trinity, Golden Trefoil, Ivy
Flower, Mouse-ears
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .327
Kidney-leaf, Noble Liverwort
Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Pyrola americana
USDA: American Wintergreen
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .38
Round-leaved Pyrola
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209
Pear-Leaf Wintergreen
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .287
Round-leaved Wintergreen,
Pear-leaved Wintergreen, False
Wintergreen, Indian Lettuce, Canker
Lettuce
Round-leaved Sundew
Drosera rotundifolia
USDA: Roundleaf Sundew
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .66
Dew-plant
Seneca Snakeroot
Polygala senega
USDA: Seneca Snakeroot
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
Seneca Snake Root
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . SENECA-SNAKEROOT
Senega Snakeroot, Seneca Root,
Rattlesnake-root, Mountain Flax
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .230
Seneka, Senega
Sessile-leaved Bellwort
Uvularia sessilifolia
USDA: Sessileleaf Bellwort
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Sessile-leaved Uvularia
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .122
Oakesia
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Round leaved Sundew, Dew Plant,
Eyebright, Moor-grass, Youthwort
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .253
Rosa-solis, Youth-wort
Round-leaved Yellow Violet
Viola rotundifolia
USDA: Roundleaf Yellow Violet
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .179
Round-leaved Violet, Early Yellow
Violet
Rue Anemone
Thalictrum thalictroides
USDA: Rue Anemone
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Wood Anemone
Sanicle
Sanicula marilandica
USDA: Maryland Sanicle
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .226
Black Snake Root, Pool Root,
American Sanicle
Sea Lavender
Limonium carolinianum
USDA: Lavender Thrift, American Thrift,
Canker Root, Marsh Root
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Marsh Rosemary
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .97
Wild Oat
Sheep Laurel
Kalmia angustifolia
USDA: Sheep Laurel
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .220
Lambkill, Calf-kill, Wicky, Sheeppoison
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .267
Sheep Laurel, Narrow-leaved Laurel,
Sheep Poison
Shepherd’s Purse
Capsella bursa-pastoris
USDA: Shepherd’s Purse
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
Shepherd’s Purse, Shepherd’s Bag,
Shepherd’s Pouch, Pickpocket, Caseweed, Mother’s-hearts, St. James’weed, Pick-purse, Ladies’-purse,
Witch’s-pouch, Shovel-weed
Shinleaf
Pyrola elliptica
USDA: Waxflower Shinleaf
NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Sweet Wintergreen
Showy Orchis
Galearis spectabilis
USDA: Showy Orchid
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .318
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .206
Sea Lavender, Canker-root, Ink-root
Showy Orchis, Gay Orchis, Spring
Orchis
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .343
Sea Thrift
12
Shrubby Cinquefoil
Dasiphora fruticosa
USDA: Shrubby Cinquefoil
WILD FLOWERS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Yellow-flowered Strawberry
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .134
Shrubby Cinquefoil, Prairie Weed
Silvery Cinquefoil
Potentilla argentea
USDA: Silver Cinquefoil
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
Silvery Five-finger
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .133
Hoary Cinquefoil, Silvery Cinquefoil
Skunk Cabbage
Symplocarpus foetidus
USDA: Skunk Cabbage
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Skunk Cabbage, Skunk Weed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .322
Swamp Cabbage
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . .SKUNKCABBAGE
Collard, Fetid Hellebore, Stinking
Poke, Pockweed, Polecat Weed,
Skunkcabbage
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235
Pole Cat Weed, Meadow Cabbage
Slender Ladies’ Tresses
Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis
USDA: Northern Slender Lady’s Tresses
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Slender Ladies’ Twisted Stalk, Corkscrew Plant
Small Purple-fringed Orchid
Platanthera psycodes
USDA: Lesser Purple Fringed Orchid
ORCHIDS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
Flaming Orchis (VT)
Small White Aster
Symphyotrichum racemosum
USDA: Smooth White Oldfield Aster
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .305
Dense-flowered Aster, White Wreath
Aster, Fall Flower
Snow Trillium
Trillium grandiflorum
USDA: White Trillium
NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Death Flower
Soapwort
Saponaria officinalis
USDA: Bouncingbet
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .216
Bouncing Bet, Hedge Pink, Old
Maid’s Pink, Fuller’s Herb
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .278
Dog’s Cloves, Wild Soapwort
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Bunch-of-keys (local for double
form), Chimney Pink, Boston Pink,
Soap-root, Ladder-by-the-Gate, Mockgilliflower, Soap-gentian, Wild Sweet
William, Woods Flax, World’s-wonder
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .38
Bruisewort, Sheepweed, Soapwort
Sour Grass
Rumex Acetosella
USDA: Common Sheep Sorrel
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233
Spikenard
Aralia racemosa
USDA: American Spikenard
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21, 240
American Sarsaparilla, Wild Licorice,
Nard, Oldman’s Root
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .276
American Spikenard, Indian Root,
Spignet
Spotted Coralroot
Corallorhiza maculata
USDA: Summer Coralroot
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .332
Large Coral Root
Spreading Dogbane
Apocynum androsaemifolium
USDA: Spreading Dogbane
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
Dog’s Bane
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Red Sorrel
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Sour Dock, Sharp Dock, Mountain
Sorrel, Horse Sorrel, Cow Sorrel,
Toad Sorrel, Gentleman’s Sorrel, Red
Weed, Wood Sorrel, Redtop Sorrel,
Sour Weed, Sour-grass
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .111
Sheep Sorrel, Field Sorrel, Sour Grass
Spearmint
Mentha spicata
Bitter Root, Dog’s Bane, Milk Weed,
Honeybloom
Squirrel Corn
Dicentra canadensis
USDA: Squirrel Corn
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Turkey Corn
Starflower
Trientalis borealis
USDA: Starflower
USDA: Spearmint
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . SPEARMINT
Mint, Brown Mint, Lamb Mint,
Mackerel Mint, Our Lady’s Mint
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .357
Spearmint, Sage of Bethlehem,
Garden Mint
Spicebush
Lindera benzoin
American Chick-weed Winter Green
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .30
Star Anemone, Chickweed
Wintergreen, Star Flower
Steeple-bush
Spiraea tomentosa
USDA: Steeplebush
USDA: Northern Spicebush
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240
Benjamin Bush, Feverbush,
Feverwood
Spiderwort
Tradescantia virginiana
USDA: Virginia Spiderwort
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Virginia Spiderwort
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .313
Widow’s Tears, Job’s Tears,
Spiderwort
13
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .228
Hardhack, Steeplebush
Striped Pipsissewa
Chimaphila maculata
USDA: Striped Prince’s Pine
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Spotted-leaved Pipsissewa
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .234
Spotted Wintergreen, Pipsissewa
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . PIPSISSEWA
Striped Pipsissewa, Spotted
Pipsissewa, Spotted Piperidge,
Ratsbane, Dragon’s-tongue
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261
Rheumatism Root, Dragon’s Tongue,
Wild Arsenic, Rat’s-bane
Swamp Candles
Lysimachia terrestris
USDA: Earth Loosestrife
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Cluster-flowered Loosestrife
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .140
Loosestrife
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .294
Swamp Candles, Upright Loosestrife
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .158
Bulb-bearing Loosestrife
Swamp Rose Mallow
Hibiscus moscheutos
USDA: Crimsoneyed Rosemallow
Sweet Fern
Comptonia peregrina
USDA: Sweet Fern
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . SWEETFERN
Sweetfern, Ferngale, Fern Bush,
Meadow Fern, Shrubby Fern, Canada
Sweetgale, Spleenwort Bush, Sweet
Bush, Sweet Ferry
Sweet Flag
Acorus americanus
USDA: Sweetflag
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . SWEETFLAG
Sweet Cane, Sweet Grass, Sweet
Myrtle, Sweet Rush, Sweet Sedge,
Sweet Segg, Sweetroot, Cinnamon
Sedge, Myrtle Grass, Myrtle Sedge,
Beewort
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .251
Myrtle Flag
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Sweet Root, Sedge-root, Sedge-cane,
Sedge-grass, Flag-root, Sedge-rush,
Sea-sedge, Myrtle-sedge, Myrtlegrass, Myrtle-flag
Sweet Goldenrod
Solidago odora
USDA: Anisescented Goldenrod
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187
Sweet scented Golden rod
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . FRAGRANT GOLDENROD
Swamp Rose Mallow, Swamp
Mallow, Water Mallow, Sea Hollyhock
Fragrant Goldenrod, Wound Weed,
Blue Mountain Tea, Sweet-scented
Goldenrod, Anise-scented Goldenrod,
True Goldenrod
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . .61
Mallow Rose, Swamp Rose-mallow
Sweet Everlasting
Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium
USDA: Rabbit-tobacco
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . .SWEET CUDWEED
Sweet Cudweed, Fragrant Life Ever
Lasting, Feather-weed, Rabbit-tobacco
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
Old Field Balsam, Sweet Scented Life
Everlasting
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .400
Common Everlasting, Cudweed,
Sweet Life Everlasting, Fragrant
Everlasting, Sweet White Balsam,
Life-of-Man, Moonshine
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .310
Sweet Pepperbush
Clethra alnifolia
USDA: Coastal Sweetpepperbush
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .40
White Alder, Alder-leaved Clethra
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .260
Sweet Pepperbush, Spiked Alder
Sweet White Clover
Melilotus officinalis
USDA: Yellow Sweetclover, Ribbed
Melilot, Field Melilot, Cornilla
Real
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .86
Sweet Clover, Bokhara Clover, Tree
Clover, Honey Lotus
Sweet Balsam, White Balsam,
Fragrant Life Everlasting, Poverty,
Balsam-weed, Indian Posey
Sweet-scented Water Lily
Nymphaea odorata
USDA: American White Waterlily
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Sweet Scented Water Lily
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .224
Sweet-scented White Water Lily,
Pond Lily, Water Nymph
Tall Buttercup
Ranunculus acris
USDA: Tall Buttercup
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Tall Buttercup, Meadow Buttercup,
Meadow Crowfoot, Gold-knaps,
Butter-rose, Butter-cresses, Butterdaisy, Goldcup, Ringcup, Horse-Gold,
Bachelor Buttons, Blister Plant
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .120
Common Meadow Buttercup, Tall
Crowfoot, Blister Flowers, Butter
Flowers
Tansy
Tanacetum vulgare
USDA: Tansy, Golden-buttons, Hierba
Lombriguera
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .170
Bitter-buttons
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TANSY
Scented Fern, English Cost, Hindheal
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256
Parsley Fern
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .189
Hindheel, Ginger-plant
Thimbleweed
Anemone virginiana
USDA: Tall Thimbleweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .44
Tall Anemone, Summer Anemone,
Thimbleweed
Thread-leaved Sundew
Drosera filiformis
USDA: Threadleaf Sundew
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Thread-leaved Sundew, Red-rot
Toothwort
Cardamine diphylla
USDA: Crinkleroot
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Toothwort, Crinkle-root
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Two-leaved Toothwort
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .184
Pepper-root
14
Trailing Arbutus
Epigaea repens
USDA: Trailing Arbutus
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .94
Mayflower, Ground Laurel
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . TRAILING-ARBUTUS
Shadflower, Mountain Pink, Winter
Pink
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276
Wild May Flower, Gravel Plant
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .269
Crocus
Trout Lily
Erythronium americanum
USDA: Dogtooth Violet
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116
American Erythronium, Dog’s-tooth
Violet
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .110
Yellow Adder’s Tongue
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Serpent’s Tongue, Yellow Snowdrop,
Rattlesnake-Violet, Yellow Snakeleaf
LITTLE FLOWER FOLKS I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103
Adder’s Tongue
WILD FLOWERS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Dog Tooth Violet
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .100
Fawn Lily, Trout Lily
True Solomon’s Seal
Polygonatum biflorum
USDA: Smooth Solomon’s Seal
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .16
Twin Flowered Solomon’s Seal,
True Solomon’s Seal
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Small Solomon’s Seal, Ladder-toHeaven, Jacob’s Ladder, Dwarf
Solomon’s Seal, Hairy Solomon’s
Seal, Seawort, Conquer John
Tubercled Orchid
Platanthera flava var. herbiola
USDA: Palegreen Orchid
ORCHIDS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Greenish Orchid
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .108
Small Pale Green Orchis, Tubercled
Orchis
Turk’s-cap Lily
Lilium superbum
USDA: Turk’s-cap Lily
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .134
Turban Lily, Turk’s-cap Lily
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Nodding Lily, Wild Tiger Lily, Turk’s
Head Lily
WILD FLOWERS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Tiger Lily
Virginia Cowslip
Mertensia virginica
USDA: Virginia Bluebells
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .310
Bluebells, Tree Lungwort, Smooth
Lungwort
Virginia Mountain Mint
Pycnanthemum virginianum
USDA: Virginia Mountainmint
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333
Turtlehead
Chelone glabra
USDA: White Turtlehead
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Smooth Snake-head
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . TURTLEHEAD
White Turtlehead, Turtle Bloom,
Fishmouth Codhead, Salt Rheum Weed
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259
Turtlebloom, Salt Rheum Seed
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .86
Snake Head, Turtle Head, Cod Head,
Shell-flower, Bitter-herb, Balmony
Twinleaf
Jeffersonia diphylla
USDA: Twinleaf
Virginia Mountain Mint, Virginia
Thyme, Mountain Thyme, Prariehyssop, Pennyroyal, Basil
Virgin’s Bower
Clematis virginiana
USDA: Devil’s Darning Needles
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .60
Traveller’s Joy, Old Man’s Beard,
Devil’s Yarn, Virgin’s Bower
Water Hemlock
Cicuta maculata
USDA: Spotted Water Hemlock
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .102
Spotted Cow-bane, Musquash Root,
Beaver Poison, Water Hemlock
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .96
Rheumatism Root
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Umbrella Leaf
Children’s Bane
Water Knotweed
Polygonum amphibium
USDA: Water Knotweed
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . TWINLEAF
Jeffersonia, Twinleaf, Helmetpod
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .260
Ground Squirrel Pea, Yellow Root
Venus’ Looking-glass
Triodanis perfoliata
USDA: Clasping Venus’ Looking-glass
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .369
Clasping Bellflower
Viper’s Bugloss
Echium vulgare
USDA: Common Viper’s Bugloss
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .316
Viper’s Herb, Viper’s Grass, Blue
Thistle, Snake-flower, Blue Devil,
Viper’s Bugloss
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .320
Blue-weed, Viper’s-bugloss, Viper’sstem, Adder’s-wort, Cat’s Tail
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .348
Blueweed
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .248
Water Persicaria
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Amphibious Knotweed
Water Parsnip
Sium suave
USDA: Hemlock Waterparsnip
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .102
Water Parsnip, Hemlock Water
Parsnip
Wavy-leaved Aster
Symphyotrichum undulatum
USDA: Wavyleaf Aster
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .380
Various-leaved Aster, Small Fleabane,
Wavy-leaf Aster, Small Fleabane
White Baneberry
Actaea pachypoda
USDA: White Baneberry
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .241
Cohosh, Herb-Christopher,
Rattlesnake Herb, Doll’s Eyes (pg. 242)
15
White Fringed Orchid
Platanthera blephariglottis
USDA: White Fringed Orchid
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Wild Geranium
Geranium maculatum
USDA: Spotted Geranium
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .198
White Fringed Orchid, Rein Orchid,
Feather-leaved Orchid
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . WILD GERANIUM
White Snakeroot
Ageratina altissima var. altissima
Crane’s-bill, Stork’s-bill, Alumbloom, Chocolate-flower, Old-maid’snightcap, Shameface
USDA: White Snakeroot
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .68
White Sanicle, Indian Sanicle,
Deerwort Boneset, White Snakeroot
Whorled Loosestrife
Lysimachia quadrifolia
USDA: Whorled Yellow Loosestrife
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .140
Whorled Loosestrife, Four-leaved
Loosestrife, Crosswort
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .293
Liberty-tea, Yellow Balm, Five Sisters
Wild Calla
Calla palustris
USDA: Water Arum
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .26
Marsh Calla, Water Arum
Wild Coffee
Triosteum perfoliatum
USDA: Feverwort
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Fever Root, Wild Ipecac, Dr. Tinker’s
Weed
Wild Columbine
Aquilegia canadensis
USDA: Red Columbine,
Meeting-houses
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130
American Columbine
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .194
Honeysuckle
NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Rock Columbine
Wild Cranesbill
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272
Dove’s Foot, Crow Foot, Wild Alum
Root, Spotted Geranium, Crane’s Bill
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173
Wild Geranium, Spotted Cranesbill,
Crowfoot, Dovefoot, Sailor’s-knot,
Old Maid’s-nightcap
NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Wood Geranium
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .55
Spotted Crane’s-bill, Alum Root
Wild Ginger
Asarum canadense
USDA: Canadian Wildginger
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
Canada Snake Root, Wild Ginger
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . CANADA WILDGINGER
Asarum, Heart Snakeroot, Southern
Snakeroot, Black Snakeroot, Coltsfoot
Snakeroot, Black Snakeweed, Broadleaved Asarabacca, False Coltsfoot,
Colicroot
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .274
Indian Ginger, Vermont Snake Root
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . . .8
Asarabacca, Canada Snakeroot
Wild Ginseng
Panax quinquefolius
USDA: American Ginseng
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
American Ginseng
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . GINSENG
Sang, Redberry, Fivefingers
Wild Indigo
Baptisia tinctoria
USDA: Horseflyweed
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . .YELLOW WILD-INDIGO
Baptisia, Indigo Weed, Yellow Indigo,
American Indigo, Yellow Broom,
Indigo Broom, Clover Broom,
Horsefly Weed, Shoofly, Rattlebush
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145
Clover-broom, Horsefly-broom,
Indigo-broom, Indigo-weed, Horsefleaweed, Wild Indigo
Wild Lettuce
Lactuca canadensis
USDA: Canada Lettuce
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .146
Tall Lettuce, Wild Opium,
Horseweed, Wild Lettuce
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .197
Trumpet Weed, Fireweed, Trumpet
Milkweed
Wild Parsnip
Pastinaca sativa
USDA: Wild Parsnip
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .116
Wild Parsnip, Field Parsnip, Madnep,
Tank
Wild Sarsaparilla
Aralia nudicaulis
USDA: Wild Sarsaparilla
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .20
Wild Sarsaparilla, False Sarsaparilla
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . WILD-SARSAPARILLA
American Sarsaparilla, Shotbush,
Rabbitroot, Wild Licorice
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .277
Virginian Sarsaparilla, Small
Spikenard, Rabbit-foot, Wild
Sarsaparilla
Wintercress
Barbarea vulgaris
USDA: Garden Yellowrocket
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .150
Wild Cucumber
Echinocystis lobata
Yellow Rocket, Herb of St. Barbara,
Yellow Bitter Cress, Rocket Cress
USDA: Wild Cucumber
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .76
Common Wintercress
Wild Balsam-Apple
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .132
Bitter Cress, Winter Cress, Yellow Cress
16
Wintergreen
Gaultheria procumbens
USDA: Eastern Teaberry
AMERICAN MEDICAL BOTANY II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Partridge Berry, Chequer Berry, Box
Berry, Mountain Tea
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .104
Checkerberry, Partridge-berry, Deerberry, Spice-berry, Box-berry, Ground
Tea
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . WINTERGREEN
Gaultheria, Aromatic Wintergreen,
Spicy Wintergreen, Grouseberry,
Chickenberry, Groundberry, Hillberry,
Ivyberry, Redberry Tea, Canadian Tea,
Ivory Plum, Chinks, Drunkards, Red
Pollom, Rapper Dandies, Wax Cluster
THE HERBALIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281
Teaberry, Periwinkle
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .270
One-berry, Ground Berry, Tea-berry,
Green-berry, Ivy-plum, Red Pollen,
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .290
Spring Wintergreen, Creeping
Wintergreen, Dew-berry, Ground-tea
Witch Hazel
Hamamelis virginiana
USDA: American Witchhazel
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . .WITCH-HAZEL
Witch-Hazel, Snapping Hazel,
Spotted Alder, Wych-hazel, Striped
Alder, Tobacco Wood.
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284
Winterbloom, Snapping Hazelnut,
Spotted Alders
Wood Anemone
Anemone quinquefolia
USDA: Wood Anemone
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Five-leaved Anemone
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .18
Wind-flower
BEGINNER’S GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Mayflower
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103
Wood Anemone, Wild Cucumber,
Wood-flower, Nimble Weed, Herb
Trinity
Wood Lily
Lilium philadelphicum
USDA: Wood Lily
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .224
Wild Orange-red Lily, Flame Lily,
Philadelphia Lily
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .140
Wild Red Lily
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Huckleberry Lily
NORTH AMERICAN WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Wild Orange Lily
WILD FLOWERS OF NEW ENGLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Red Wood Lily
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . . . .6
Red Lily, Wood Lily
Woodbine
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
USDA: Virginia Creeper
A GUIDE TO THE WILD FLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .300
Virginia Creeper, American Ivy
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .206
Woodbine, False Grape, Five-fingered
Ivy, Five-leaf Ivy
Yarrow
Achillea millefolium
USDA: Yarrow, Milenrama
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . .58
Milfoil, Old Man’s Pepper, Nosebleed
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . YARROW
Millefolium, Thousand-leaf Clover,
Gordoloba, Green Arrow, Dog
Daisy, Bloodwort, Carpenter Grass,
Cammock
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168
Thousand Seal
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .405
Yarrow, Thousand-leaf, Nosebleedweed, Sand-leaved Clover
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . .310
Yarrow, Sanguinary, Soldier’s
Woundwort
Yellow Forest Violet
Viola pubescens
USDA: Downy Yellow Violet
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .180
Downy Yellow Violet
Yellow Bedstraw
Galium verum
USDA: Yellow Spring Bedstraw
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .168
Lady’s Bedstraw, Cheese-rennet,
Bedflower, Fleawort, Yellow Bedstraw
17
Yellow Ladyslipper
Cypripedium parviflorum
var. pubescens
USDA: Greater Yellow Ladyslipper
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .126
Large Yellow Lady’s Slipper, Yellow
Moccasin Flower, Whippoorwill’s
Shoe
THE HERB HUNTERS GUIDE . . . . . . . . . . LADYSLIPPER
Common Yellow Ladyslipper, Large
Yellow Ladyslipper, Venus’s-shoe,
Venus’s-cup, Yellow Indian Shoe,
Nerveroot, Male Nervine, Yellow
Noah’s-ark, Yellows, Monkeyflower,
Umbil-root, Yellow Umbil
THE HERBALIST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
American Valerian, Nerve Root,
Umbel, Ladies’ Slipper, Noah’s Ark
Yellow Pond Lily
Nuphar lutea
USDA: Yellow Pond-lily
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .132
Cow Lily, Large Yellow Pond Lily,
Large Yellow Water Lily, Spatter-dock
WILD FLOWERS EVERY CHILD SHOULD KNOW . . . .113
Brandy Bottles (England)
Yellow Star Grass
Hypoxis hirsuta
USDA: Common Goldstar
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .114
Star Grass
Yellow Wood-sorrel
Oxalis stricta
USDA: Common Yellow Oxalis
WHO’S WHO AMONG WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . .148
Lady’s Sorrel
NANTUCKET WILDFLOWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
Sheep Sorrel, Upright Yellow Wood
Sorrel, Poison Sheep Sorrel, Toad
Sorrel, Ladies’ Sour-grass, Sheeppoison, Sour-grass
18
Index and Cross Reference
Aaron’s Flannel ........................................ See Mullein
Aaron’s Rod ................................... See Live-for-ever;
—See also Mullein
Achillea millefolium ................................. See Yarrow
Acorus americanus ..............................See Sweet Flag
Actaea
pachypoda ........................ See White Baneberry
podocarpa .............................. See Black Cohosh
Adam’s-cup ..................................... See Pitcher-plant
Adam’s-flannel ......................................... See Mullein
Adam’s Pitcher ................................ See Pitcher-plant
Adder Mouth Pogonia .................... See Rose Pogonia
Adder’s Mouth ............................... See Rose Pogonia
Adder’s Tongue .....................................See Trout Lily
Yellow ..........................................See Trout Lily
Adder’s Violet ..................... See Rattlesnake Plantain
Adder’s-wort ................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Agalinis purpurea .......................See Purple Gerardia
Ageratina altissima var. altissima ............... See White
Snakeroot
Agrimonia gryposepala .........................See Agrimony
Agrimony ................................................................ 1
Tall Hairy .....................................See Agrimony
Agrostemma githago ............ See Purple Corn Cockle
Ague Grass ........................................... See Colic-root
Ague Root ............................................ See Colic-root
Ague-root ............................................. See Colic-root
Ague-weed ...............................................See Boneset
Aiten..........................................See Common Juniper
Alder
Spiked ............................ See Sweet Pepperbush
Spotted ..................................... See Witch Hazel
Striped ...................................... See Witch Hazel
White .............................. See Sweet Pepperbush
Alder-leaved Clethra ............... See Sweet Pepperbush
Ale Hoof.............................. See Gill-over-the-ground
Aletris
farinosa........................................ See Colic-root
All-heal ................................................... See Heal-all
All Heal ................................................... See Heal-all
Aloeroot ............................................... See Colic-root
Alum-bloom .................................See Wild Geranium
Alum Root....................................See Wild Geranium
Amber John .................... See Common St. John’swort
American Bastard Sanicle .................... See Mitrewort
American Bee-balm .......................... See Oswego Tea
American Bittersweet.............................................. 1
American Black Elderberry ......... See Common Elder
American Centaury .............................. See Rose Pink
American Chick-weed Winter Green ...See Starflower
American Cornelian Tree .... See Flowering Dogwood
American Cowslip .....................See Marsh Marigold
American Dogwood ............ See Flowering Dogwood
American Erythronium .........................See Trout Lily
American Fleur-de-lis ...........................See Blue Flag
American Ginseng ..........................See Wild Ginseng
American Hellebore ....................See False Hellebore
American Ice Plant .............................See Indian Pipe
American Indigo ................................See Wild Indigo
American Ivy ........................................See Woodbine
American Laurel ....................... See Mountain Laurel
American Mandrake............................ See May Apple
American Mint ...................................See Peppermint
American Nightshade........................... See Pokeweed
American Pennyroyal.............................................. 1
American Pokeweed ............................ See Pokeweed
American Rhododendron ..............See Rhododendron
American Rose Bay ......................See Rhododendron
American Sanicle ......................................See Sanicle
American Sarsaparilla ......................... See Spikenard;
—See also Wild Sarsaparilla
American Spikenard............................. See Spikenard
American Thrift...............................See Sea Lavender
American Vervain ............................See Blue Vervain
American Water Horehound ................................... 1
American White Waterlily .. See Sweet-scented Water
Lily
American Wintergreen ....See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
American Witchhazel ........................ See Witch Hazel
Amy-root ..........................................See Indian Hemp
Anagallis arvensis ................................See Pimpernel
Anaphalis margaritacea .......... See Pearly Everlasting
Anemone
Five-leaved..........................See Wood Anemone
quinquefolia ........................See Wood Anemone
StarSee Starflower
Summer .................................. See Thimbleweed
Tall ......................................... See Thimbleweed
virginiana ............................... See Thimbleweed
Wood .................................... See Rue Anemone;
—See also Wood Anemone
Angel Eyes ..................................................See Bluets
Angel Hair................................................ See Dodder
Anise-scented Goldenrod .......... See Sweet Goldenrod
Anisescented Goldenrod ........... See Sweet Goldenrod
Antennaria plantaginifolia .................. See Pussy-toes
Apios americana.................................. See Groundnut
Apocynum
androsaemifolium ........See Spreading Dogbane
cannabinum .............................See Indian Hemp
Orange .................................. See Butterfly Weed
Apple
Devil’s .....................................See Jimsonweed;
—See also May Apple
Hog............................................. See May Apple
Indian ......................................... See May Apple
May ............................................ See May Apple
Peru ..........................................See Jimsonweed
Thorn ........................................See Jimsonweed
Apple of Peru ....................................See Jimsonweed
Apple of Sodom ............................... See Horse Nettle
Apple-Peru ........................................See Jimsonweed
Aquilegia canadensis ..................See Wild Columbine
Aralia
nudicaulis ........................ See Wild Sarsaparilla
racemosa ..................................... See Spikenard
Archangel
Green .............. See American Water Horehound
Purple ............. See American Water Horehound
Arctium
minus .............................................. See Burdock
Arctostaphylos
uva-ursi ....................................... See Bearberry
Arethusa .................................................................. 1
bulbosa .......................................... See Arethusa
Bulbous-rooted.............................. See Arethusa
Arisaema triphyllum ............... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Arnica..................................................See Dandelion;
—See also Fall Dandelion
Arnica Bud ...................................See Fall Dandelion
Aromatic Wintergreen ....................... See Wintergreen
Arrow Arum ............................................................ 1
Green ........................................See Arrow Arum
Arrowwood
Indian ......................... See Flowering Dogwood
Arsenic
Wild ............................... See Striped Pipsissewa
Arum ....................................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Three-leaved .................. See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Water .......................................... See Wild Calla
Asarabacca ........................................See Wild Ginger
Broad-leaved ............................See Wild Ginger
Asarum ..............................................See Wild Ginger
Asarum canadense ............................See Wild Ginger
Asclepias
exaltata ................................ See Poke Milkweed
quadrifolia ............... See Four-leaved Milkweed
syriaca ...........................See Common Milkweed
tuberosa ................................ See Butterfly Weed
Assfoot ...................................................See Coltsfoot
Aster
Dense-flowered ...............See Small White Aster
Early Purple .............See Purple-stemmed Aster
Frostweed .........See Many-flowered White Aster
Many-flowered White ........See Many-flowered
White Aster
New England................ See New England Aster
Purplestem................See Purple-stemmed Aster
Purple-stemmed .......See Purple-stemmed Aster
Small White.....................See Small White Aster
Smooth White Oldfield ...See Small White Aster
19
Various-leaved................See Wavy-leaved Aster
Wavyleaf ........................See Wavy-leaved Aster
Wavy-leaved...................See Wavy-leaved Aster
White Heath .....See Many-flowered White Aster
White Wreath ..................See Small White Aster
Asthma Weed ...............................See Indian Tobacco
August-flower ..............................See Fall Dandelion
Aureolaria pedicularia ............. See Fern-leaved False
Foxglove
Autumn Coralroot ................................................... 1
Autumn Hawkbit..........................See Fall Dandelion
Azalea
Early ......................................... See Pink Azalea
Pink .......................................... See Pink Azalea
Purple ....................................... See Pink Azalea
Wild .......................................... See Pink Azalea
Bachelor Buttons............................See Tall Buttercup
Bad-man’s-oatmeal .................... See Poison Hemlock
Balm
Bee ........................................... See Oswego Tea
Field ........................... See Gill-over-the-ground
Fragrant .................................... See Oswego Tea
Horse ........................................ See Horse Balm
Indian ..................................See Purple Trillium
Stinking .....................See American Pennyroyal
Yellow .........................See Whorled Loosestrife
Balmony .............................................. See Turtlehead
Balsam........................................ See Cypress Spurge;
—See also Jewelweed
Old Field .........................See Sweet Everlasting
Sweet ...............................See Sweet Everlasting
Sweet White ....................See Sweet Everlasting
White ...............................See Sweet Everlasting
Balsam-weed ............................See Sweet Everlasting
Bamboo-brier ......................................See Greenbrier
Band brier......................................... See Horse Nettle
Baneberry
White ................................ See White Baneberry
Baptisia ..............................................See Wild Indigo
tinctoria .....................................See Wild Indigo
Barbarea vulgaris ...............................See Wintercress
Bardana ................................................... See Burdock
Bardane ................................................... See Burdock
Barton’s Vein-leaved Neottia .............See Rattlesnake
Plantain
Basil ................................See Virginia Mountain Mint
Bastard Pennyroyal ............................. See Blue Curls
Bathflower ....................................See Purple Trillium
Bathwort.......................................See Purple Trillium
Beach Pea ................................................................ 1
Beaconweed ............................................See Pigweed
Bead-ruby...............................See Canada Mayflower
Bean
Indian .........................................See Goat’s Rue
Wild ............................................ See Groundnut
Bearberry................................................................. 1
Red .............................................. See Bearberry
Bear Berry ............................................ See Bearberry
Bear Corn ....................................See False Hellebore
Bearded Pink .......................................See Grass Pink
Bear’s Bilberry ..................................... See Bearberry
Bear’s-grape ......................................... See Bearberry
Bear’s Grape ........................................ See Bearberry
Bear’s Whortleberry ............................. See Bearberry
Beaumont Root ...............................See Culver’s Root
Beauty
Meadow..............................See Meadow Beauty
Rutland’s ......................................See Bindweed
Beaver Poison ........................... See Poison Hemlock;
—See Water Hemlock
Bedflower ...................................See Yellow Bedstraw
Bedstraw ................................................ See Cleavers
Lady’s................................See Yellow Bedstraw
Yellow ...............................See Yellow Bedstraw
Yellow Spring....................See Yellow Bedstraw
Bee-balm
American .................................. See Oswego Tea
Beebalm
Scarlet ...................................... See Oswego Tea
Bee Balm........................................... See Oswego Tea
Bee Bresh ..................................See Common Cat-tail
Beechdrops.............................................................. 1
False ................................................See Pinesap
Beefsteak Plant.....................................See Lousewort
Bee’s Nest Plant .....................See Queen Anne’s Lace
Beewort ...............................................See Sweet Flag
Beggar’s Buttons ..................................... See Burdock
Beggartick
Devil’s .....................................See Beggar Ticks
Smooth ...................... See Larger Bur Marigold
Beggar Ticks ........................................................... 1
Behen ......................................See Bladder Campion;
—See also Evening Lychnis
Bell-bind ...............................................See Bindweed
Bellflower
Clasping .....................See Venus’ Looking-glass
Bellwort..................................See Perfoliate Bellwort
Sessileleaf .............. See Sessile-leaved Bellwort
Sessile-leaved......... See Sessile-leaved Bellwort
Benjamin Bush ..................................... See Spicebush
Berberis
vulgaris.......................... See Common Barberry
Berry
Bear ............................................. See Bearberry
Box ........................................... See Wintergreen
Chequer .................................... See Wintergreen
Ground ..................................... See Wintergreen
One .....................................See Partridge Berry
Partridge .............................See Partridge Berry
Raccoon...................................... See May Apple
Bethroot........................................See Purple Trillium
Betony
Paul’s ............. See American Water Horehound;
—See also Common Speedwell
Wood ...........................................See Lousewort
Bidens
frondosa...................................See Beggar Ticks
larvis.......................... See Larger Bur Marigold
Big Bull ...........................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Bilberry
Bear’s .......................................... See Bearberry
Bindweed
Great.............................................See Bindweed
Hedge ...........................................See Bindweed
Hedge False..................................See Bindweed
Bird-on-the-Wing ..................... See Fringed Polygala
Bird’s Bread .............................. See Mossy Stonecrop
Bird’s-eggs ................................. See Evening Lychnis
Bird’s-eye .............................................See Pimpernel
Bird’s Foot Violet .................................................... 1
Bird’s Nest ........................................See Indian Pipe;
—See also Pinesap;
—See also Queen Anne’s Lace
Yellow .............................................See Pinesap
Bird’s Nest Plant ....................See Queen Anne’s Lace
Bird’s Nest Root.....................See Queen Anne’s Lace
Bird’s-tongue........................................See Pimpernel
Birth-root......................................See Purple Trillium
Birthroot .......................................See Purple Trillium
Birthwort ......................................See Purple Trillium
Biscuit Leaves .....................................See Greenbrier
Bishop’s Cap ........................................ See Mitrewort
Biting Stone .............................. See Mossy Stonecrop
Bitter-bloom ......................................... See Rose Pink
Bitter Clover......................................... See Rose Pink
Bittercress
Yellow .......................................See Wintercress
Bitter Cress.........................................See Wintercress
Bitter-herb ........................................... See Turtlehead
Bitter Milkwort ..........................See Purple Milkwort
Bitter Nightshade ...................See Deadly Nightshade
Bitterroot ..........................................See Indian Hemp
Bitter Root.............................See Spreading Dogbane
Bittersweet ..................... See also Deadly Nightshade
American ...................See American Bittersweet
Climbing ...................See American Bittersweet
False .......................... See American Bittersweet
Shrubby ..................... See American Bittersweet
Bitter Sweet............................See Deadly Nightshade
Bittersweet Nightshade ..........See Deadly Nightshade
Bitterweed ...........................................See Horseweed
Bitter Wintergreen ...............................See Pipsissewa
Blackamoor ...............................See Common Cat-tail
Black-cap ..................................See Common Cat-tail
Black Cohosh .......................................................... 1
Black-eyed Susan .................................................... 1
Black Hemp .....................................See Indian Hemp
Black Indian Hemp ..........................See Indian Hemp
Black Mercury .....................................See Poison Ivy
Black Mustard ......................................................... 1
Black-root .......................................See Culver’s Root
Blackroot .........................................See Culver’s Root
Black Snakeroot ............................ See Black Cohosh;
—See also Sanicle;
—See also Wild Ginger
Black Snakeweed, .............................See Wild Ginger
Bladder Campion .................................................... 1
—See also Evening Lychnis
Bladder Pod..................................See Indian Tobacco
Bladder-pod Lobelia ....................See Indian Tobacco
Blanket leaf .............................................. See Mullein
Blazing-star ..........................................See Devil’s Bit
Blazing Star............................................................. 2
—See also Colic-root
Blue ..........................................See Blazing Star
Blister Flowers ...............................See Tall Buttercup
Blister Plant....................................See Tall Buttercup
Bloodroot ................................................................ 2
Blood Root ........................................... See Bloodroot
Bloodwort ................................................. See Yarrow
Blowball ...............................................See Dandelion
Bluebells ................................... See Virginia Cowslip
Virginia............................. See Virginia Cowslip
Blueberry Root .................................See Blue Cohosh
Blue Bindweed .......................See Deadly Nightshade
Blue Cohosh ............................................................ 2
Blue Curls ............................................................... 2
—See also Heal-all
Blue Devils...................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Blue-eyed Babies ........................................See Bluets
Blue-eyed Mary ..........................................See Bluets
Blueflag .................................................See Blue Flag
Blue Flag ................................................................. 2
Blue Mountain Tea .................... See Sweet Goldenrod
Blue Pimpernell ...................... See Mad-dog Skullcap
Blue Sailors ..............................................See Chicory
Blue Scull-cap ......................... See Mad-dog Skullcap
Blue Spring Daisy ......................See Robin’s Plantain
Bluet
Azure ..................................................See Bluets
Blue Thistle ..................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Blue Toadflax .......................................................... 2
Bluets ...................................................................... 2
Bluett ...........................................................See Bluets
Bluetts .........................................................See Bluets
Blue Vervain............................................................ 2
Blue-weed ....................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Blueweed......................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Bog Onion ............................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Bokhara Clover ..................... See Sweet White Clover
Bonaparte’s Crown.......................See Cypress Spurge
Boneset.................................................................... 2
—See also Joe-Pye-weed
Common..........................................See Boneset
Deerwort ........................... See White Snakeroot
Tall ........................................ See Joe-Pye-weed
Wood ...............................................See Boneset
Bone Set ...................................................See Boneset
Boston Pink ........................................... See Soapwort
Bouncingbet .......................................... See Soapwort
Bouncing Bet ........................................ See Soapwort
Bowmansroot ..................................See Culver’s Root
Bowmans Root .................................See Indian Hemp
Box-berry .......................................... See Wintergreen
Box Berry .......................................... See Wintergreen
Brandy Bottles .......................... See Yellow Pond Lily
Brandy-mint .......................................See Peppermint
Brassica
nigra ..................................... See Black Mustard
Brassica nigra ................................ See Black Mustard
Brawling............................................... See Bearberry
Brawlins ............................................... See Bearberry
Bread-and-butter .................................See Greenbrier
Bread and Butter .........................See Butter-and-eggs
Bride-weed ..................................See Butter-and-eggs
20
Brier
Band ........................................ See Horse Nettle
Sand......................................... See Horse Nettle
Bright Eyes..................................................See Bluets
Brinton Root....................................See Culver’s Root
British Tobacco ......................................See Coltsfoot
Broad-leaved Asarabacca ..................See Wild Ginger
Broad-leaved Clover .......................... See Red Clover
Broad-leaved Kalmia ................ See Mountain Laurel
Brook Sunflower ................ See Larger Bur Marigold
Broom
Clover........................................See Wild Indigo
Indigo ........................................See Wild Indigo
Yellow .......................................See Wild Indigo
Brown Dragon......................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Brown-eyed Susan ................... See Black-eyed Susan
Brown Mint .......................................... See Spearmint
Brownwort .............................................. See Heal-all
Bruisewort ............................................. See Soapwort
Brunella ................................................... See Heal-all
Bubble Poppy ............................. See Evening Lychnis
Bugbane .............................. See also False Hellebore
Cohosh .................................. See Black Cohosh
Mountain ............................... See Black Cohosh
Tall ........................................ See Black Cohosh
Bugle-weed ............. See American Water Horehound
Bugleweed
Sweet .............. See American Water Horehound
Buglewort................ See American Water Horehound
Bugwort......................................... See Black Cohosh;
—See also False Hellebore
Bulb-bearing Loosestrife ............See Swamp Candles
Bulbous Buttercup .................................................. 2
Bulb-segg ..................................See Common Cat-tail
Bull Nettle ........................................ See Horse Nettle
Wild ......................................... See Horse Nettle
Bullock’s Lungwort ................................. See Mullein
Bull’s-foot ..............................................See Coltsfoot
Bumblebee Root...........................See Purple Trillium
Bunchberry.............................................................. 2
Bunch-of-keys ....................................... See Soapwort
Bunk ........................................................See Chicory;
—See also Poison Hemlock
Burdock ................................................................... 2
Lesser ............................................. See Burdock
Bur Marigold
Common..................................See Beggar Ticks
Burnet Rose..........................................See Pimpernel
Butter-and-eggs ....................................................... 3
Butter-cresses .................................See Tall Buttercup
Buttercup
Bulbous .......................................................... 2
Common Meadow.................See Tall Buttercup
Meadow.................................See Tall Buttercup
Tall ........................................See Tall Buttercup
Butter-daisy ....................................See Tall Buttercup
Butter Dog.......................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Butter Flowers................................See Tall Buttercup
Butterfly Flower ............................ See Butterfly Weed
Butterflyweed ................................ See Butterfly Weed
Butterfly Weed ........................................................ 3
Butter-rose......................................See Tall Buttercup
Butterweed ..........................................See Horseweed
Button-ball Shrub ............................... See Buttonbush
Buttonbush .............................................................. 3
Common.................................... See Buttonbush
Button Snakeroot ..............................See Blazing Star
Large ........................................See Blazing Star
Button-wood ...................................... See Buttonbush
American ................................... See Buttonbush
Cabbage
Meadow...............................See Skunk Cabbage
Skunk ..................................See Skunk Cabbage
Swamp.................................See Skunk Cabbage
Cadlock ......................................... See Black Mustard
Calf Clover ........................... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Calf-kill ........................................... See Sheep Laurel
Calicobush................................. See Mountain Laurel
Calla
Marsh ......................................... See Wild Calla
palustris ...................................... See Wild Calla
Wild ............................................ See Wild Calla
Calmoun .................................... See Mountain Laurel
Calopogon ...........................................See Grass Pink
tuberosus ....................................See Grass Pink
Caltha
palustris .............................See Marsh Marigold
Calystegia
sepium ..........................................See Bindweed
Camel’s Foot ............................. See Pink Ladyslipper
Cammock .................................................. See Yarrow
Campion
Bladder .............................. See Evening Lychnis
Corn............................. See Purple Corn Cockle
White ................................. See Evening Lychnis
Canada Fleabane .................................See Horseweed
Canada Lettuce................................. See Wild Lettuce
Canada Lily ............................................................. 3
Canada Mayflower .................................................. 3
Canada-root ................................... See Butterfly Weed
Canada Snakeroot .............................See Wild Ginger
Canada Snake Root ...........................See Wild Ginger
Canada Sweetgale .............................. See Sweet Fern
Canadian Cinquefoil ............................................... 3
Canadian Rock Rose ............................See Frostweed
Canadian Tea ..................................... See Wintergreen
Canadian Wildginger ........................See Wild Ginger
Cancer Jalap ......................................... See Pokeweed
Cancer-root.........................................See Beechdrops
Cancer Wort .........................................See Dandelion
Candlewick ............................. See Common Cat-tail;
—See also Mullein
Canker Lettuce ................See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Canker-root .....................................See Sea Lavender
Cankerroot.......................................... See Goldthread
Canker Root ....................................See Sea Lavender
Canker-weed ............................... See Rattlesnakeroot
Cankerweed
White .................................. See Rattlesnakeroot
Cankerwort...........................................See Dandelion
Capsella bursa-pastoris .............See Shepherd’s Purse
Cardamine
concatenata ................See Cut-leaved Toothwort
diphylla ....................................... See Toothwort
Cardinalflower............................See Cardinal Flower
Cardinal Flower ...................................................... 3
Carolina Horsenettle ........................ See Horse Nettle
Carolina Rose .................................. See Pasture Rose
Carpenter Grass ......................................... See Yarrow
Carpenter’s Herb .... See American Water Horehound;
—See also Heal-all
Carpenter’s Square .................................................. 3
Carpenter’s-weed .................................... See Heal-all
Case-weed .................................See Shepherd’s Purse
Cashes ........................................ See Poison Hemlock
Castilleja coccinea ........................... See Painted Cup
Cat-brier ..............................................See Greenbrier
Catbrier ...............................................See Greenbrier
Catchfly ...................................... See Evening Lychnis
Catchweed .............................................. See Cleavers
Cat-gut.................................................See Goat’s Rue
Catgut ..................................................See Goat’s Rue
Cat-o’-nine-tails ...................... See Common Cat-tail;
—See also Narrow-leaved Cat-tail
Cat Pea .................................................See Cow Vetch
Cat Peas................................................See Cow Vetch
Cat’s Foot ............................ See Gill-over-the-ground
Cat’s Tail ......................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Cat-tail
Narrow-leaved........ See Narrow-leaved Cat-tail
Cattail
Broadleaf ..........................See Common Cat-tail
Broad-leaved ....................See Common Cat-tail
Narrowleaf ............. See Narrow-leaved Cat-tail
Cat-tail Flag ............................ See Common Cat-tail;
—See also Narrow-leaved Cat-tail
Caulophyllum
thalictroides .............................See Blue Cohosh
Ceanothus
americanus ..........................See New Jersey Tea
Celandine ................................................................ 3
Garden ......................................... See Celandine
Greater......................................... See Celandine
Celastrus
scandens .................... See American Bittersweet
Centaury ............................................... See Rose Pink
American ..................................... See Rose Pink
Century.......................................See Purple Milkwort
Cephalanthus
occidentalis ............................... See Buttonbush
Chamaecrista fasciculata ................See Partridge Pea
Chamaelirium
luteum .........................................See Devil’s Bit
Checkerberry ..............................See Partridge Berry;
—See also Wintergreen
Cheese Flower...........................See Common Mallow
Cheese-rennet .............................See Yellow Bedstraw
Cheeses .....................................See Common Mallow
Chelidonium
majus ........................................... See Celandine
Chelone glabra .................................... See Turtlehead
Chenopodium album ...............................See Pigweed
Chequer-berry .............................See Partridge Berry
Chequer Berry ................................... See Wintergreen
Chickenberry ..................................... See Wintergreen
Chickentoe .............................. See Autumn Coralroot
Chickweed
Field .................................See Lesser Stitchwort
Poison..........................................See Pimpernel
Red ..............................................See Pimpernel
Chickweed Wintergreen .......................See Starflower
Chicory.................................................................... 3
Children’s Bane............................See Water Hemlock
Chimaphila
umbellata ...................................See Pipsissewa;
maculata ........................ See Striped Pipsissewa
Chimney Pink........................................ See Soapwort
Chinks ............................................... See Wintergreen
Chocolate-flower ..........................See Wild Geranium
Choctaw-root....................................See Indian Hemp
Cichorium
intybus .............................................See Chicory
Cicuta maculata ............................See Water Hemlock
Cinnamon Sedge .................................See Sweet Flag
Cinquefoil ...........................See Canadian Cinquefoil
Canadian ....................See Canadian Cinquefoil
Common.....................See Canadian Cinquefoil
Dwarf .........................See Canadian Cinquefoil
Hoary...............................See Silvery Cinquefoil
Shrubby ........................ See Shrubby Cinquefoil
Silvery .............................See Silvery Cinquefoil
Citronella........................................... See Horse Balm
Clasping Bellflower ............See Venus’ Looking-glass
Clasping Venus’ Looking-glass .................. See Venus’
Looking-glass
Clayweed................................................See Coltsfoot
Cleats......................................................See Coltsfoot
Cleavers................................................................... 3
Cleaverwort ............................................ See Cleavers
Clematis virginiana .......................See Virgin’s Bower
Clethra
Alder-leaved ................... See Sweet Pepperbush
alnifolia .......................... See Sweet Pepperbush
Climath.................................................See Poison Ivy
Climbing Ivy ........................................See Poison Ivy
Climbing Nightshade .............See Deadly Nightshade
Climbing Orange-root ........See American Bittersweet
Clothburr ................................................. See Burdock
Clover
Bitter ........................................... See Rose Pink
Bokhara ........................ See Sweet White Clover
Broad-leaved ............................. See Red Clover
Calf.............................. See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Common Red ............................ See Red Clover
Hare’s Foot .................. See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Meadow..................................... See Red Clover
Old Field ..................... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Purple ........................................ See Red Clover
Pussy ........................... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Pussy-foot ................... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Rabbitfoot ................... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Rabbit-foot Clover ...... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Rabbit’s-foot ............... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Red ............................................ See Red Clover
Sand-leaved ...................................... See Yarrow
Stone ........................... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
21
Sweet ............................ See Sweet White Clover
Thousand-leaf .................................. See Yarrow
Tree .............................. See Sweet White Clover
Clover-broom .....................................See Wild Indigo
Clover Broom.....................................See Wild Indigo
Clown’s Lungwort ................................... See Mullein
Coakum ................................................ See Pokeweed
Coastal Sweetpepperbush ....... See Sweet Pepperbush
Cocash ...............................See Purple-stemmed Aster
Cocash Weed ..............................See Golden Ragwort
Cockfoot............................................... See Celandine
Cockle Bur .............................................. See Burdock
Cockle Button ......................................... See Burdock
Cocum .................................................. See Pokeweed
Cod Head ............................................ See Turtlehead
Cohosh ...................................... See White Baneberry
Black ..................................... See Black Cohosh
Blue .........................................See Blue Cohosh
Colic-root ................................................................ 3
Colicroot .............................................See Colic-root;
—See also Wild Ginger
White ........................................... See Colic-root
Collard..........................................See Skunk Cabbage
Collinsia verna ............................................See Bluets
Collinsonia ........................................ See Horse Balm
canadensis ................................ See Horse Balm
Colt-herb ................................................See Coltsfoot
Coltsfoot.................................................................. 3
False .........................................See Wild Ginger
Coltsfoot Snakeroot ..........................See Wild Ginger
Colt’s Tail ............................................See Horseweed
Columbine
American ............................See Wild Columbine
Red .....................................See Wild Columbine
Rock ...................................See Wild Columbine
Wild ....................................See Wild Columbine
Common Barberry .................................................. 3
Common Blue Violet .............................................. 3
Common Cat-tail..................................................... 4
Common Corncockle ........... See Purple Corn Cockle
Common Dandelion .............................See Dandelion
Common Dodder...................................... See Dodder
Common Elder ........................................................ 4
Common Elderberry..................... See Common Elder
Common Erythronium ..........................See Trout Lily
Common Evening Primrose .....See Evening Primrose
Common Five-finger ...........See Canadian Cinquefoil
Common Goldstar ....................See Yellow Star Grass
Common Juniper ..................................................... 4
Common Liverleaf ..........See Round-leaved Hepatica
Common Mallow .................................................... 4
Common Meadow Buttercup .........See Tall Buttercup
Common Milkweed ................................................ 4
Common Milkwort.....................See Purple Milkwort
Common Pasture Rose .................... See Pasture Rose
Common Persicaria ...................... See Pink Knotweed
Common Pipsissewa ...........................See Pipsissewa
Common Red Clover ......................... See Red Clover
Common Selfheal.................................... See Heal-all
Common Sheep Sorrel ....................... See Sour Grass
Common Speedwell ................................................ 4
Common St. John’swort .......................................... 4
Common Viper’s Bugloss ............See Viper’s Bugloss
Common Yellow Ladyslipper See Yellow Ladyslipper
Common Yellow Oxalis ........ See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Comptonia peregrina .......................... See Sweet Fern
Cone-flower.............................. See Black-eyed Susan
Conium
Spotted .............................. See Poison Hemlock
Conium maculatum .................... See Poison Hemlock
Conquer John .......................See True Solomon’s Seal
Convulsion Weed ...............................See Indian Pipe
Conyza canadensis ..............................See Horseweed
Coolwort ..........................................See Foam-flower
White .......................................See Foam-flower
Coonroot .............................................. See Bloodroot
Coptis trifolia ..................................... See Goldthread
Corallorhiza
maculata ..........................See Spotted Coralroot
odontorhiza .................... See Autumn Coralroot
Coralroot
Autumn .......................... See Autumn Coralroot
Late ................................ See Autumn Coralroot
Small .............................. See Autumn Coralroot
Small Late ...................... See Autumn Coralroot
Spotted ............................See Spotted Coralroot
Summer ...........................See Spotted Coralroot
Cork-screw Plant.............. See Slender Ladies’ tresses
Corn Campion ...................... See Purple Corn Cockle
Corncockle
Common...................... See Purple Corn Cockle
Corn Cockle ......................... See Purple Corn Cockle
Purple .......................... See Purple Corn Cockle
Cornel
Dwarf ........................................See Bunchberry
Florida ........................ See Flowering Dogwood
Low ...........................................See Bunchberry
White .......................... See Flowering Dogwood
Cornelian Tree
American .................... See Flowering Dogwood
Cornflower ............................... See Black-eyed Susan
Cornilla Real .........................See Sweet White Clover
Corn-mullen ......................... See Purple Corn Cockle
Corn Pink ............................. See Purple Corn Cockle
Corn Rose............................. See Purple Corn Cockle
Corn Spurrey ........................................................... 4
Cornus ................................. See Flowering Dogwood
canadensis .................................See Bunchberry
florida ......................... See Flowering Dogwood
Corpse Plant .......................................See Indian Pipe
Corydalis
Pale.................................... See Painted Trillium
Pink ................................... See Painted Trillium
sempervirens ..................... See Painted Trillium
Cotton-weed ...........................See Common Milkweed
Cottonweed ............................ See Pearly Everlasting
Coughweed ................................See Golden Ragwort
Coughwort..............................................See Coltsfoot
Country-pepper ......................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Cow-bane
Spotted ................................See Water Hemlock
Cowbane
Spotted .............................. See Poison Hemlock
Cow-bell..................................See Bladder Campion;
—See also Evening Lychnis
Cow-grass .......................................... See Red Clover
Cow Lily ................................... See Yellow Pond Lily
Cow-quake ......................................See Corn Spurrey
Cowslip .................................See Canada Mayflower;
—See also Marsh Marigold
American ...........................See Marsh Marigold
Cow’s Lungwort....................................... See Mullein
Cow Sorrel ......................................... See Sour Grass
Cowthwort......................................... See Motherwort
Cow Vetch ............................................................... 4
Cranberry
Hog.............................................. See Bearberry
Mountain ..................................... See Bearberry
Upland ......................................... See Bearberry
Crane’s-bill
Spotted ................................See Wild Geranium
Cranesbill
Spotted ................................See Wild Geranium
Wild .....................................See Wild Geranium
Crane’s Bill ..................................See Wild Geranium
Crawley ................................... See Autumn Coralroot
Creashak............................................... See Bearberry
Creashals .............................................. See Bearberry
Creeping Charlie ................See Gill-over-the-ground;
—See also Mossy Stonecrop
Creeping Jack ............................ See Mossy Stonecrop
Creeping Mitchella......................See Partridge Berry
Creeping Snowberry ............................................... 4
Creeping Wintergreen ....................... See Wintergreen
Cress
Bitter .........................................See Wintercress
Winter........................................See Wintercress
Yellow .......................................See Wintercress
Crimsoneyed Rosemallow ..See Swamp Rose Mallow
Crinkle-root .......................................... See Toothwort
Crinkleroot ........................................... See Toothwort
Crocus ........................................ See Trailing Arbutus
Cross-wort ................................................See Boneset
Crosswort .............................See Whorled Loosestrife
Cross Wort................................................See Boneset
Crowberry ............................................ See Bearberry
Crow Corn............................................ See Colic-root
Crowfoot ......................................See Wild Geranium
Bulbous ..........................See Bulbous Buttercup
Meadow.................................See Tall Buttercup
Tall ........................................See Tall Buttercup
Crow Foot ....................................See Wild Geranium
Crown-of-the-field ............... See Purple Corn Cockle
Crow’s Nest............................See Queen Anne’s Lace
Cuckold Dock ......................................... See Burdock
Cuckoo Button ........................................ See Burdock
Cucum .................................................. See Pokeweed
Cudweed ..................................See Sweet Everlasting
Culvers-physic ................................See Culver’s Root
Culvers-root ....................................See Culver’s Root
Culver’s Root .......................................................... 4
Cuscuta
Gronovii .......................................... See Dodder
Cutleaf Toothwort ..............See Cut-leaved Toothwort
Cut-leaved Toothwort ............................................. 4
Cypress Spurge ....................................................... 4
Cypripedium
acaule ............................... See Pink Ladyslipper
Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens .... See Yellow
Ladyslipper
Daffydowndilly ............................See Purple Trillium
Daisy ...............................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Blue Spring .......................See Robin’s Plantain
Bull’s Eye ...............................See Ox-eye Daisy
Butter.....................................See Tall Buttercup
Dog................................................... See Yarrow
Field .......................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Irish .............................................See Dandelion
Michaelmas ......See Many-flowered White Aster
Ox-eye ....................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Great White ............................See Ox-eye Daisy
White ......................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Yellow ............................. See Black-eyed Susan
Daisy Fleabane ........................................................ 4
Dalibarda ................................................................. 4
repens .......................................... See Dalibarda
Dandelion ................................................................ 4
Common......................................See Dandelion
Dog......................................See Fall Dandelion
Fall ......................................See Fall Dandelion
Dasiphora
fruticosa........................ See Shrubby Cinquefoil
Datura stramonium............................See Jimsonweed
Daucus carota .........................See Queen Anne’s Lace
Deadly Nightshade .................................................. 5
Deadmen’s-bones ........................See Butter-and-eggs
Death Flower...............................See Purple Trillium;
—See also Snow Trillium
Deer-berry ......................................... See Wintergreen
Deerberry ....................................See Partridge Berry
Deer-Grass ..................................See Meadow Beauty
Deerwort Boneset....................... See White Snakeroot
Delight
Our ............................. See One-flowered Pyrola
Shepherd’s ...................................See Pimpernel
Single ......................... See One-flowered Pyrola
Dense-flowered Aster ...............See Small White Aster
Devil’s Apple ....................................See Jimsonweed
Devil’s-bit ............................................ See Colic-root
Devil’s Bit ............................................................... 5
Devil’s-bite..................................See False Hellebore
Devil’s Bite .......................................See Blazing Star
Devil’s Darning Needles ...............See Virgin’s Bower
Devil’s-ear ............................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Devil’s Flax .................................See Butter-and-eggs
Devil’s Flower.............................See Butter-and-eggs
Devil’s-gut................................................ See Dodder
Devil’s Hop-vine .................................See Greenbrier
Devil’s-milk ......................................... See Celandine
Devil’s Paint-brush.................................................. 5
Devil’s-plague ........................See Queen Anne’s Lace
Devil’s Rattle-box ...................... See Evening Lychnis
Devil’s Shoe-strings ............................See Goat’s Rue
Devil’s Trumpet ................................See Jimsonweed
22
Devil’s Yarn...................................See Virgin’s Bower
Dew-berry ......................................... See Wintergreen
Dewdrop............................................... See Dalibarda
Dew-plant..........................See Round-leaved Sundew
Dew Plant ..........................See Round-leaved Sundew
Dewtry...............................................See Jimsonweed
Dicentra
canadensis ............................. See Squirrel Corn
cucullaria ...................See Dutchman’s Breeches
Dishcloth ......................................See Purple Trillium
Dock
Elf ...........................................See Elecampane
Mullein ............................................ See Mullein
Mullen ............................................. See Mullein
Sharp ......................................... See Sour Grass
Sour ........................................... See Sour Grass
Velvet ......................................See Elecampane;
—See also Mullein
Dodder..................................................................... 5
Common.......................................... See Dodder
Gronovius’....................................... See Dodder
Onion............................................... See Dodder
Wild ................................................. See Dodder
Dogbane
Spreading .....................See Spreading Dogbane
Dog-blow ........................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Dog Daisy ................................................. See Yarrow
Dog Dandelion .............................See Fall Dandelion
Dog Fennel ................See Many-flowered White Aster
Dogs and Cats ...................... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Dog’s Bane ............................See Spreading Dogbane
Dog’s Cloves ......................................... See Soapwort
Dog’s-tooth Violet .................................See Trout Lily
Dog’s Tooth Violet ................................See Trout Lily
Dogtooth Violet .....................................See Trout Lily
Dog Tooth Violet ...................................See Trout Lily
Dog Violet ............................................................... 5
Dogwood ............................ See Flowering Dogwood;
—See also Poison Sumac
American .................... See Flowering Dogwood
Bunchberry................................See Bunchberry
Florida ........................ See Flowering Dogwood
Poison....................................See Poison Sumac
Pond .......................................... See Buttonbush
Virginia....................... See Flowering Dogwood
Doll-cheeses ..............................See Common Mallow
Doll’s Eyes ................................ See White Baneberry
Doon-head-clock ..................................See Dandelion
Dove-dock ..............................................See Coltsfoot
Dovefoot ......................................See Wild Geranium
Dove’s Foot ..................................See Wild Geranium
Downy Rattlesnake PlantainSee Rattlesnake Plantain
Downy Yellow Violet ........... See Yellow Forest Violet
Dragon Claw ........................... See Autumn Coralroot
Dragon Root ........................................ See Bloodroot;
—See also Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Dragon’s Blood ................................ See Herb Robert
Dragon’s Claw ........................ See Autumn Coralroot
Dragon’s Mouth ..................................... See Arethusa
Dragon’s-tongue..................... See Striped Pipsissewa
Dragon’s Tongue .................... See Striped Pipsissewa
Dragon-turnip.......................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Drooping Starwort ...............................See Devil’s Bit
Drooping Three-leaved Nightshade ........See Nodding
Trillium
Drooping Trillium .....................See Nodding Trillium
Drosera filiformis .............See Thread-leaved Sundew
Drosera rotundifolia ..........See Round-leaved Sundew
Dr. Tinker’s Weed ..............................See Wild Coffee
Drunkards.......................................... See Wintergreen
Duck-retter ..................................See False Hellebore
Duck’s-foot ......................................... See May Apple
Dulcamara ..............................See Deadly Nightshade
Dummyweed ..........................................See Coltsfoot
Dutch-cheeses ...........................See Common Mallow
Dutchman’s Breeches.............................................. 5
Dutchman’s Pipe ................................See Indian Pipe
Dutch Morgan .................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Dwarf Ginseng ........................................................ 5
Dwarf Rose ..................................... See Pasture Rose
Dwarf Solomon’s Seal .........See True Solomon’s Seal
Ear-drop .............................................. See Jewelweed
Ear-drops ............................ See Dutchman’s Breeches
Ear-jewel ............................................. See Jewelweed
Early Hawkweed ...................... See Rattlesnake-weed
Early Meadow Parsnip ...........See Golden Alexanders
Early Purple Aster .............See Purple-stemmed Aster
Early Purple-fringed Orchis...................... See Large
Purple-fringed Orchid
Early Saxifrage........................................................ 5
Early Spring Everlasting ..................... See Pussy-toes
Earth Gall ....................................See False Hellebore
Eastern Daisy Fleabane ............... See Daisy Fleabane
Eastern Poison Ivy ...............................See Poison Ivy
Eastern Teaberry ............................... See Wintergreen
Echinocystis lobata ......................See Wild Cucumber
Eggs-and-bacon...........................See Butter-and-eggs
Elder
American ............................. See Common Elder
Blackberried ........................ See Common Elder
Horse ........................................See Elecampane
Poison....................................See Poison Sumac
Sweet ................................... See Common Elder
Elderberry .................................... See Common Elder
American Black .................. See Common Elder
Common.............................. See Common Elder
Elder Blows.................................. See Common Elder
Elder Flowers ............................... See Common Elder
Elecampane ............................................................. 5
Elecampane Inula ..............................See Elecampane
Elf Dock ............................................See Elecampane
Elfwort ..............................................See Elecampane
Emetic Herb .................................See Indian Tobacco
English Cost ................................................ See Tansy
English Kingcup......................See Bulbous Buttercup
Epifagus
virginiana ..................................See Beechdrops
Epigaea repens ........................... See Trailing Arbutus
Erigeron
annuus ................................ See Daisy Fleabane
pulchellus ..........................See Robin’s Plantain
Erythronium
American ......................................See Trout Lily
americanum ..................................See Trout Lily
Common.......................................See Trout Lily
Eupatorium
perfoliatum ......................................See Boneset
purpureum ............................. See Joe-Pye-weed
Euphorbia
cyparissas ............................See Cypress Spurge
Evening Lychnis...................................................... 5
Evening Primrose .................................................... 5
Evergreen Snake-root............... See Fringed Polygala
Everlasting
Common..........................See Sweet Everlasting
Early Spring ............................... See Pussy-toes
Fragrant ...........................See Sweet Everlasting
Large-flowered .............. See Pearly Everlasting
Life ................................ See Pearly Everlasting
Mouse-ear .................................. See Pussy-toes
Pearly ............................ See Pearly Everlasting
Plantain-leaved ........................... See Pussy-toes
Silver-leaf ...................... See Pearly Everlasting
Sweet-scented Life ..........See Sweet Everlasting
Western Pearly ............................................... 9
Eve’s-cup......................................... See Pitcher-plant
Eve’s Cup ........................................ See Pitcher-plant
Eyebalm ............................................. See Goldenseal
Eyebright ................................................... See Bluets;
—See also Indian Pipe;
—See also Pimpernel;
—See also Round-leaved Sundew
Eyeroot ............................................... See Goldenseal
Fairy-cheeses.............................See Common Mallow
Fairy Circle ...............................See Common Juniper
Fairy-Flax....................................................See Bluets
Fairy Smoke .......................................See Indian Pipe
Fairywand ............................................See Devil’s Bit
Fall Dandelion......................................................... 5
Fall Flower ...............................See Small White Aster
False Beechdrops .....................................See Pinesap
False Coltsfoot ..................................See Wild Ginger
False Foxglove
Fern Leaf ........ See Fern-leaved False Foxglove
Fernleaf Yellow ... See Fern-leaved False Foxglove
Fern-leaved .... See Fern-leaved False Foxglove
Lousewort ...... See Fern-leaved False Foxglove
Purple ................................See Purple Gerardia
False Grape ...........................................See Woodbine
False Hellebore ....................................................... 5
Green ..................................See False Hellebore
False Lily of the Valley
Feathery..................... See False Solomon’s Seal
False Lily-of-the-Valley .........See Canada Mayflower
False Sarsaparilla ..................... See Wild Sarsaparilla
False Solomon’s Seal .............................................. 5
False Spikenard .................. See False Solomon’s Seal
False Unicorn Root ..............................See Devil’s Bit
False Valerian .............................See Golden Ragwort
False Wintergreen ..............................See Pipsissewa;
—See also Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Farewell Summer ......See Many-flowered White Aster
Farmer’s Curse ................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Fat-hen ....................................................See Pigweed
Fawn Lily ..............................................See Trout Lily
Feather-leaved Orchid ....... See White Fringed Orchid
Feather-weed ............................See Sweet Everlasting
Feathery False Lily of the Valley See False Solomon’s
Seal
Felon-wort ............................................ See Celandine
Felonwort ............................................See Celandine;
—See also Deadly Nightshade
Feltwort .................................................... See Mullein
Female Regulator .......................See Golden Ragwort
Fern .................................................. See Sweet Fern;
—See also Tansy
Meadow..................................... See Sweet Fern
Scented ............................................... See Tansy
Fern Bush ........................................... See Sweet Fern
Ferngale.............................................. See Sweet Fern
Fern-leaved False Foxglove .................................... 5
Fetid Hellebore.............................See Skunk Cabbage
Feverbush ............................................. See Spicebush
Fever-cup ........................................ See Pitcher-plant
Fever Root..........................................See Wild Coffee
Fevertwig ........................... See American Bittersweet
Fever Twig .............................See Deadly Nightshade
Fever-twitch ....................... See American Bittersweet
Feverwood............................................ See Spicebush
Feverwort ................................................See Boneset;
—See also Wild Coffee
Field Balm........................... See Gill-over-the-ground
Field Daisy ......................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Field Melilot..........................See Sweet White Clover
Field Milkwort ...........................See Purple Milkwort
Field Parsnip ................................... See Wild Parsnip
Fireweed...........................................See Jimsonweed;
—See also Wild Lettuce
Fishmouth Codhead ............................ See Turtlehead
Five-finger
Common......................................... See Heal-all
Silvery .............................See Silvery Cinquefoil
Five Finger ..........................See Canadian Cinquefoil
Five-fingered Ivy...................................See Woodbine
Five-finger Grass.................See Canadian Cinquefoil
Fivefingers.......................................See Wild Ginseng
Five-leaf Ivy ..........................................See Woodbine
Five-leaved Anemone ..................See Wood Anemone
Five Sisters ...........................See Whorled Loosestrife
Flag
Blue ..............................................See Blue Flag
Cat-tail..............................See Common Cat-tail
Larger Blue ..................................See Blue Flag
Myrtle.........................................See Sweet Flag
Poison...........................................See Blue Flag
Sweet ..........................................See Sweet Flag
Water ............................................See Blue Flag
Flag-root..............................................See Sweet Flag
Flame Lily ............................................ See Wood Lily
Flaming Orchis....... See Small Purple-fringed Orchid
Flannel-leaf .............................................. See Mullein
Flannel Plant ............................................ See Mullein
Flat Top ................................. See New York Ironweed
Flax-tail .....................................See Common Cat-tail
23
Flaxweed .....................................See Butter-and-eggs
Fleabane
Canada........................................See Horseweed
Daisy .................................. See Daisy Fleabane
Eastern Daisy ..................... See Daisy Fleabane
Small ..............................See Wavy-leaved Aster
Fleawort .....................................See Yellow Bedstraw
Florida Dogwood ................ See Flowering Dogwood
Flower de luce .......................................See Blue Flag
Flower-de-luce ......................................See Blue Flag
Flowering Corner ................ See Flowering Dogwood
Flowering Dogwood ............................................... 6
Flowering Wintergreen ............ See Fringed Polygala
Fluellin ..................................See Common Speedwell
Flux-root ....................................... See Butterfly Weed
Fly Trap ........................................... See Pitcher-plant
Foalfoot ..................................................See Coltsfoot
Foam-flower ............................................................ 6
Foamflower
Heartleaf ..................................See Foam-flower
Foot
Crows ..................................See Wild Geranium
Dove’s .................................See Wild Geranium
Wolf................ See American Water Horehound
Forefather’s-cup .............................. See Pitcher-plant
Forefather’s Pitcher ......................... See Pitcher-plant
For-get-me-not ........................................................ 6
Forget-me-not
True .....................................See For-get-me-not
Fortune-teller........................................See Dandelion
Fortune Teller .......................................See Dandelion
Four-leaved Loosestrife .......See Whorled Loosestrife
Four-leaved Milkweed ............................................ 6
Foxberry ............................................... See Bearberry
Foxglove ......................................... See Pitcher-plant
Fragrant Balm ................................... See Oswego Tea
Fragrant Everlasting .................See Sweet Everlasting
Fringe Cup ........................................... See Mitrewort
Fringed Green Orchis ........ See Ragged Green Orchid
Fringed Polygala ..................................................... 6
Frogwort..................................See Bulbous Buttercup
Frost Bite.................................................See Pigweed
Frost-flower ..........................................See Frostweed
Frostweed ................................................................ 6
—See also Many-flowered White Aster
Long-branched ............................See Frostweed
Frostwort ..............................................See Frostweed
Frothy Poppy...........................See Bladder Campion;
—See also Evening Lychnis
Fuller’s Herb ......................................... See Soapwort
Gag-root .......................................See Indian Tobacco
Gagroot ........................................See Indian Tobacco
Galearis spectabilis ........................ See Showy Orchis
Galium
aparine ........................................... See Cleavers
verum ................................See Yellow Bedstraw
Garden Mint ......................................... See Spearmint
Garden Orpine ................................. See Live-for-ever
Garden Spurge..............................See Cypress Spurge
Garden Stone-crop .......................... See Live-for-ever
Garden Yellow Rocket .......................See Wintercress
Garget ................................................... See Pokeweed
Gaultheria.......................................... See Wintergreen
hispidula ..................... See Creeping Snowberry
procumbens .............................. See Wintergreen
Gay Feather .......................................See Blazing Star
Gay Orchis ..................................... See Showy Orchis
Gaywings ................................. See Fringed Polygala
Gentleman’s Sorrel............................. See Sour Grass
Geranium
maculatum ...........................See Wild Geranium
Robert...................................... See Herb Robert
robertianum ............................. See Herb Robert
Spotted ................................See Wild Geranium
Wild .....................................See Wild Geranium
Wood ...................................See Wild Geranium
Gerardia
Bushy ............. See Fern-leaved False Foxglove
Large Purple ......................See Purple Gerardia
Purple ................................See Purple Gerardia
Ghost-flower ......................................See Indian Pipe
Gill .................................... See Gill-over-the-ground
Gill-ale ................................ See Gill-over-the-ground
Gill-go-by-the-ground ......... See Gill-over-the-ground
Gill-over-the-ground ............................................... 6
Ginger ...................................................See Coltsfoot;
—See also Mossy Stonecrop
Indian .......................................See Wild Ginger
Wild ..........................................See Wild Ginger
Ginger-plant ................................................ See Tansy
Gingerroot ..............................................See Coltsfoot
Ginseng
American ................................See Wild Ginseng
Blue .........................................See Blue Cohosh
Wild ........................................See Wild Ginseng
Yellow .....................................See Blue Cohosh
Glandular Persicaria ..................... See Pink Knotweed
Glechoma hederacea ........... See Gill-over-the-ground
Globe-flower ...................................... See Buttonbush
Globe-flowered Shrub ........................ See Buttonbush
Goat’s Rue............................................................... 6
Goldcup ..........................................See Tall Buttercup
Gold Cup .................................See Bulbous Buttercup
Golden Alexanders .................................................. 6
Golden-buttons............................................ See Tansy
Golden Chain ............................ See Mossy Stonecrop
Golden Jerusalem ..................... See Black-eyed Susan
Golden Moss ............................. See Mossy Stonecrop
Golden Mouse-ear Hawkweed .................. See Devil’s
Paint-brush
Golden Ragwort ...................................................... 6
Goldenrod
Anise-scented ................... See Sweet Goldenrod
Anisescented .................... See Sweet Goldenrod
Fragrant ............................ See Sweet Goldenrod
Sweet ................................ See Sweet Goldenrod
Sweet-scented .................. See Sweet Goldenrod
True .................................. See Sweet Goldenrod
Goldenseal............................................................... 6
Golden Seal ........................ See False Solomon’s Seal
Golden Trefoil .................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Golden Zizia...........................See Golden Alexanders
Gold-knaps .....................................See Tall Buttercup
Goldthread............................................................... 6
Three-leaf .................................. See Goldthread
Goodyeara pubescens.......... See Rattlesnake Plantain
Goosefoot
White ..............................................See Pigweed
Goose Grass ........................................... See Cleavers
Gordoloba ................................................. See Yarrow
Gorst..........................................See Common Juniper
Gowan ....................................................See Coltsfoot
Horse ...........................................See Dandelion
Meadow.............................See Marsh Marigold
Witches’.......................................See Dandelion
Yellow .........................................See Dandelion
Grape
Bear’s .......................................... See Bearberry
Grass
Ague ............................................ See Colic-root
Carpenter .......................................... See Yarrow
Five-finger ...................................... See Heal-all
Myrtle.........................................See Sweet Flag
Pigeon’s ................................... See Blue Vervain
Scorpion ..............................See For-get-me-not
Snake ...................................See For-get-me-not
Sour ........................................... See Sour Grass
Star .............................................. See Colic-root
Sweet ..........................................See Sweet Flag
Viper’s .................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Grass Pink ............................................................... 6
Gravel Plant ............................... See Trailing Arbutus
Gravel-root ..................................... See Joe-Pye-weed
Graveyardweed ............................See Cypress Spurge
Greater Purple Fringed Orchid.................... See Large
Purple-fringed Orchid
Greater Yellow Ladyslipper ...See Yellow Ladyslipper
Great Hairy Rudbeckia ............ See Black-eyed Susan
Great Laurel ..................................See Rhododendron
Great Mullein ........................................... See Mullein
Great Reed-mace .......................See Common Cat-tail
Great Rhododendron .....................See Rhododendron
Great White Ox-eye Daisy ..............See Ox-eye Daisy
Green Arrow.............................................. See Yarrow
Green-berry ....................................... See Wintergreen
Green-brier ..........................................See Greenbrier
Greenbrier ............................................................... 6
Roundleaf ...................................See Greenbrier
Green Fringed Orchid ....... See Ragged Green Orchid
Greenish Orchid ....................... See Tubercled Orchid
Green Veratrum ...........................See False Hellebore
Grim the Collier .................... See Devil’s Paint-brush
Gronovius’ Dodder................................... See Dodder
Groundberry ...................................... See Wintergreen
Ground Berry .................................... See Wintergreen
Ground-hele ..........................See Common Speedwell
Ground Holly ......................................See Pipsissewa
Ground Ivy .......................... See Gill-over-the-ground
Ground Joy .......................... See Gill-over-the-ground
Ground Laurel ............................ See Trailing Arbutus
Ground Lemon .................................... See May Apple
Ground-nut .......................................... See Groundnut
Groundnut ............................................................... 6
Ground Nut ..................................See Dwarf Ginseng
Ground-pea ......................................... See Groundnut
Ground Raspberry .............................. See Goldenseal
Groundsel ...................................See Golden Ragwort
Ground Squirrel Pea................................See Twinleaf
Ground Tea ........................................ See Wintergreen
Grounsel
Golden ...............................See Golden Ragwort
Grouseberry....................................... See Wintergreen
Grundy-swallow.........................See Golden Ragwort
Gypsyweed.............. See American Water Horehound
Common.......................See Common Speedwell
Gypsywort ............... See American Water Horehound
Hackmatack...............................See Common Juniper
Hairy Solomon’s Seal ..........See True Solomon’s Seal
Hamamelis virginiana ....................... See Witch Hazel
Hardhack ..............................................See Starflower
Hardock ................................................... See Burdock
Hardrock ........................................... See Horse Balm
Hare’s-beard ............................................. See Mullein
Hare’s-foot ........................... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Hare’s-foot Clover ............... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Harvest Lice .....................................See Beggar Ticks
Hawk-bit ......................................See Fall Dandelion
Hawkbit .................................... See Rattlesnake-weed
Autumn ...............................See Fall Dandelion
Hawkweed
Early ................................ See Rattlesnake-weed
Golden Mouse-ear ........ See Devil’s Paint-brush
Orange .......................... See Devil’s Paint-brush
Tawny ........................... See Devil’s Paint-brush
Vein-leaf .......................... See Rattlesnake-weed
Hayhoof............................... See Gill-over-the-ground
Hay-maids ........................... See Gill-over-the-ground
Hazel
Snapping .................................. See Witch Hazel
Witch ........................................ See Witch Hazel
Heal-all.................................................................... 7
—See also Carpenter’s Square;
—See also Horse Balm
High.............................................See Lousewort
Heart Liverwort ...............See Round-leaved Hepatica
Heart-of-the-earth ................................... See Heal-all
Heart Snakeroot ................................See Wild Ginger
Heck-how ................................... See Poison Hemlock
Hedeoma
pulegioides ................See American Pennyroyal
Hedge-maids ....................... See Gill-over-the-ground
Hedge Pink ............................................ See Soapwort
Hedge Taper ............................................. See Mullein
Helianthemum canadense ....................See Frostweed
Hellebore .....................................See False Hellebore
American ............................See False Hellebore
American White .................See False Hellebore
Big .....................................See False Hellebore
False ...................................See False Hellebore
Fetid ....................................See Skunk Cabbage
Green ..................................See False Hellebore
Swamp................................See False Hellebore
Helmet Flower ........................ See Mad-dog Skullcap
Helmetpod ...............................................See Twinleaf
Helonias ...............................................See Devil’s Bit
24
Hemlock
Poison................................ See Poison Hemlock
Spotted .............................. See Poison Hemlock
Spotted Water ......................See Water Hemlock
Water ...................................See Water Hemlock
Hemlock Waterparsnip .................. See Water Parsnip
Hemlock Water Parsnip................. See Water Parsnip
Hemp
American .................................See Indian Hemp
Black .......................................See Indian Hemp
Black Indian ............................See Indian Hemp
Canadian .................................See Indian Hemp
Hemp Dogbane ................................See Indian Hemp
Hepatica ..........................See Round-leaved Hepatica
nobilis var. nobilis ..See Round-leaved Hepatica
Round-leaved .........See Round-leaved Hepatica
Roundlobe ..............See Round-leaved Hepatica
Herb
Carpenter’s ..... See American Water Horehound
Cockhold .................................See Beggar Ticks
Gypsy ............. See American Water Horehound
Rattlesnake ....................... See White Baneberry
Trinity.....................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Viper’s .................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Herb-Christopher ...................... See White Baneberry
Herb John ....................... See Common St. John’swort
Herb-margaret .................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Herb of St. Barbara ............................See Wintercress
Herb Robert............................................................. 7
Herb Trinity....................See Round-leaved Hepatica;
—See also Wood Anemone
Hercules Wound Wort ............................. See Heal-all
Hibiscus moscheutos...........See Swamp Rose Mallow
Hieracium
auranticum.................... See Devil’s Paint-brush
venosum .......................... See Rattlesnake-weed
Hierba Lombriguera .................................... See Tansy
High Heal-all........................................See Lousewort
Hillberry ............................................ See Wintergreen
Hindheal ...................................................... See Tansy
Hind-heel..................................................... See Tansy
Hive Vine ....................................See Partridge Berry
Hoarhound
Virginia........... See American Water Horehound
Hoary Cinquefoil .....................See Silvery Cinquefoil
Hoary Pea ............................................See Goat’s Rue
Hog Apple ........................................... See May Apple
Hog’s-physic ..............................See Cardinal Flower
Holly
Ground .......................................See Pipsissewa
Hollyhock
Sea .............................See Swamp Rose Mallow
Honey-balls ........................................ See Buttonbush
Honeybloom..........................See Spreading Dogbane
Honey Lotus .......................... See Sweet White Clover
Honeysuckle................................See Wild Columbine
Wild .......................................... See Pink Azalea
Hoodwort ................................ See Mad-dog Skullcap
Hoofs ......................................................See Coltsfoot
Horse ...............................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Horse Balm ............................................................. 7
Horse-brier ..........................................See Greenbrier
Horse Elder .......................................See Elecampane
Horse-fleaweed ..................................See Wild Indigo
Horsefly-broom ..................................See Wild Indigo
Horseflyweed .....................................See Wild Indigo
Horsefly Weed ....................................See Wild Indigo
Horsefoot................................................See Coltsfoot
Horse-Gold.....................................See Tall Buttercup
Horse-gowan ...................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Horse Gowan .......................................See Dandelion
Horseheal ..........................................See Elecampane
Horsehoof...............................................See Coltsfoot
Horse-nettle ...................................... See Horse Nettle
Horsenettle
Carolina ................................... See Horse Nettle
Horse Nettle ............................................................ 7
Horse Savin ...............................See Common Juniper
Horse’s Lip ..................................See Butter-and-eggs
Horse Sorrel ....................................... See Sour Grass
Horse-weed ....................................... See Horse Balm
Horseweed............................................................... 7
—See also Wild Lettuce
Canadian ....................................See Horseweed
Houstonia
caerulea ..............................................See Bluets
Sky Blue .............................................See Bluets
Huckleberry Lily .................................. See Wood Lily
Hungry-nine ........................................See Greenbrier
Hungry Vine ........................................See Greenbrier
Huntsman-cup ................................. See Pitcher-plant
Huntsman’s Cup .............................. See Pitcher-plant
Hurr-burr ................................................. See Burdock
Husk-root ............................................. See Colic-root
Huskwort .............................................. See Colic-root
Hydrastis canadensis .......................... See Goldenseal
Hylotelephium
telephium................................ See Live-for-ever
Hypericum
perforatum ............. See Common St. John’swort
Hypoxis hirsuta ........................See Yellow Star Grass
Hyssop
Indian ......................................See Blue Vervain
Wild .........................................See Blue Vervain
Ice-leaf ..................................................... See Mullein
Ice Plant
American ...................................See Indian Pipe
Ice-Plant .............................................See Indian Pipe
Ill-scented Wake-robin .................See Purple Trillium
Immortelle .............................. See Pearly Everlasting
Impatience ........................................... See Jewelweed
Impatiens capensis .............................. See Jewelweed
Impudent Lawyer ........................See Butter-and-eggs
Indian Apple ........................................ See May Apple
Indian Arrowwood .............. See Flowering Dogwood
Indian Balm..................................See Purple Trillium
Indian Bean .........................................See Goat’s Rue
Indian Boys and Girls ........ See Dutchman’s Breeches
Indian-cup ....................................... See Pitcher-plant
Indian Cup....................................... See Pitcher-plant
Indian Dipper .................................. See Pitcher-plant
Indian Dye.......................................... See Goldenseal
Indian Ginger ....................................See Wild Ginger
Indianhemp ......................................See Indian Hemp
Indian Hemp............................................................ 7
Black .......................................See Indian Hemp
Indian Lettuce .................See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Indian Moccasin ........................ See Pink Ladyslipper
Indian Paint .......................................... See Bloodroot
Yellow ....................................... See Goldenseal
Indian Paint Brush............................ See Painted Cup
Indian-Physic ...................................See Indian Hemp
Indian Pink ............................................. See Arethusa
Indianpipe ..........................................See Indian Pipe
Indian Pipe .............................................................. 7
Indian Pitcher .................................. See Pitcher-plant
Indian Plant .......................................... See Bloodroot
Indian Poke .................................See False Hellebore
Indian Posey .............................See Sweet Everlasting
Indian Posy................................... See Butterfly Weed;
—See also Pearly Everlasting
Indian-potato ....................................... See Groundnut
Indian Root........................................... See Spikenard
Indian Sage...............................................See Boneset
Indian Sanicle............................. See White Snakeroot
Indian Shamrock ..........................See Purple Trillium
Indian Shoe
Yellow ...........................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Indian’s Plume .................................. See Oswego Tea
Indian-tobacco..............................See Indian Tobacco
Indian Tobacco ........................................................ 7
Indian Turmeric.................................. See Goldenseal
Indian Turnip........................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Indigo
American ...................................See Wild Indigo
Wild ...........................................See Wild Indigo
Yellow .......................................See Wild Indigo
Indigo-broom .....................................See Wild Indigo
Indigo Broom .....................................See Wild Indigo
Indigo-weed .......................................See Wild Indigo
Indigo Weed .......................................See Wild Indigo
Ink-berry .............................................. See Pokeweed
Inkberry
Red .............................................. See Pokeweed
Ink-root ...........................................See Sea Lavender
Inn Flower ............................................See Pimpernel
Innocence ....................................................See Bluets
Inul ..................................................See Elecampane
Inula
helenium...................................See Elecampane
Iris
versicolor......................................See Blue Flag
Irish Daisy ............................................See Dandelion
Ironweed ............................... See New York Ironweed
New York ..................... See New York Ironweed
Itch-weed.....................................See False Hellebore
Ivory Plum ........................................ See Wintergreen
Ivy
Climbing .....................................See Poison Ivy
Five-fingered ................................See Woodbine
Fiveleaf ........................................See Woodbine
Ground ....................... See Gill-over-the-ground
Poison..........................................See Poison Ivy
Three-leaved ...............................See Poison Ivy
Ivyberry ............................................. See Wintergreen
Ivy-bush .................................... See Mountain Laurel
Ivy Flower .......................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Ivy-plum............................................ See Wintergreen
Jack in the Pulpit ..................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Jack-in-the-Pulpit .................................................... 7
Jack-of-the-buttery .................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Jacob’s-ladder ...................See American Bittersweet;
—See also Celandine
Jacob’s Ladder .......................... See Butter-and-eggs;
—See also True Solomon’s Seal
Jacob’s Staff ............................................. See Mullein
Jagged-leaved Toothwort ...See Cut-leaved Toothwort
Jalap ..................................................... See Pokeweed
Jamestown Lily .................................See Jimsonweed
Jamestown Weed ...............................See Jimsonweed
Jaundice Root ..................................... See Goldenseal
Jeffersonia ...............................................See Twinleaf
Jeffersonia diphylla .................................See Twinleaf
Jerusalem Oak .........................................See Pigweed
Jewel-weed .......................................... See Jewelweed
Jewelweed ............................................................... 7
Jimsonweed ............................................................. 7
Jimson Weed .....................................See Jimsonweed
Job’s tears ........................... See False Solomon’s Seal
Job’s Tears ...........................................See Spiderwort
Joe-Pie ............................................ See Joe-Pye-weed
Joe-Pye-weed .......................................................... 7
Joe Pye Weed
Sweetscented ......................... See Joe-Pye-weed
John
Amber ................... See Common St. John’swort
Herb....................... See Common St. John’swort
Penny..................... See Common St. John’swort
Speckled ................ See Common St. John’swort
John’swort ...................... See Common St. John’swort
Jointweed ..................................... See Pink Knotweed
Juniperus communis
communis .........................See Common Juniper
Juno’s-tears ...................................... See Blue Vervain
Jupiter’s Staff ........................................... See Mullein
Kalmia ....................................... See Mountain Laurel
angustifolium ......................... See Sheep Laurel
Broad-leaved .................... See Mountain Laurel
latifolia ............................. See Mountain Laurel
Kicking Colt ........................................ See Jewelweed
Kicking horses .................................... See Jewelweed
Kidney-leaf .....................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Kidney Liverleaf .............See Round-leaved Hepatica
Kidney-root .................................... See Joe-Pye-weed
Killikinnic ............................................ See Bearberry
Killwart ................................................ See Celandine
Kill-wort............................................... See Celandine
King Cup .................................See Bulbous Buttercup
King’s-cure..........................................See Pipsissewa
Kinnikinnic .......................................... See Bearberry
Kinnikinnick ........................................ See Bearberry
Kiss-me-Dick ...............................See Cypress Spurge
Knap-bottle ................................ See Evening Lychnis
Knob Glass ........................................ See Horse Balm
25
Knob Root ......................................... See Horse Balm
Knobweed ......................................... See Horse Balm
Knotroot ............................................ See Horse Balm
Knotweed
Amphibious ....................... See Water Knotweed
Pink ..................................... See Pink Knotweed
Water ................................. See Water Knotweed
Lace-flower ............................See Queen Anne’s Lace
Lactuca canadensis........................... See Wild Lettuce
Ladder-by-the-Gate ............................... See Soapwort
Ladder-to-Heaven ................See True Solomon’s Seal
Ladies’-purse.............................See Shepherd’s Purse
Ladies Slipper ........................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Ladies’ Slipper .................................... See Jewelweed
Ladies’ Sour-grass ................. See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Ladies Tobacco ................................... See Pussy-toes
Ladies’ Tobacco ..................... See Pearly Everlasting
Ladies’ traces................................ See Ladies’ Tresses
Ladies Traces ............................... See Ladies’ Tresses
Ladies’ Tresses ........................................................ 8
Slender .................... See Slender Ladies’ tresses
Lady-never-fade ..................... See Pearly Everlasting
Lady’s Bedstraw.........................See Yellow Bedstraw
Lady’s Ear Drop .................................. See Jewelweed
Lady’s Foxglove....................................... See Mullein
Ladyslipper
Common Yellow ...........See Yellow Ladyslipper
Greater Yellow ..............See Yellow Ladyslipper
Large Yellow .................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Pink .................................. See Pink Ladyslipper
Yellow ...........................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Lady’s Nightcap ....................................See Bindweed
Lady’s Slipper
Pink .................................. See Pink Ladyslipper
Purple ............................... See Pink Ladyslipper
Stemless ........................... See Pink Ladyslipper
Venus’............................... See Pink Ladyslipper
Lady’s Sorrel ......................... See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Lady’s Tresses .............................. See Ladies’ Tresses
Northern Slender ..... See Slender Ladies’ tresses
Lambkill .......................................... See Sheep Laurel
Lamb-mint..........................................See Peppermint
Lamb Mint ........................................... See Spearmint
Lambsquarters .........................................See Pigweed
Lammint .............................................See Peppermint
Lance-leaved Prunella ............................. See Heal-all
Large Coral Root......................See Spotted Coralroot
Large-flowered Everlasting .... See Pearly Everlasting
Large-flowered Sensitive Pea.........See Partridge Pea
Large-flowered Sensitive Plant ......See Partridge Pea
Large Purple-fringed Orchid ................................... 8
Large Purple Gerardia ................See Purple Gerardia
Larger Bur Marigold ............................................... 8
Large-rounded leaved Orchid ................................. 8
Large Round-leaved Orchid .................................... 8
Large Sensitive Plant .....................See Partridge Pea
Large Yellow Ladyslipper ........See Yellow Ladyslipper
Large Yellow Lady’s Slipper See Yellow Ladyslipper
Large Yellow Pond Lily ............ See Yellow Pond Lily
Large Yellow Water Lily ........... See Yellow Pond Lily
Lasting......................................See Sweet Everlasting
Late-flowering Self-heal ......................... See Heal-all
Lathyrus
japonicus .................................... See Beach Pea
Laurel
American .......................... See Mountain Laurel
Great.....................................See Rhododendron
Ground .............................. See Trailing Arbutus
Mountain .......................... See Mountain Laurel
Narrow-leaved........................ See Sheep Laurel
Lavender Thrift ...............................See Sea Lavender
Leontodon autumnalis..................See Fall Dandelion
Leonurus
cardiaca .................................... See Motherwort
Lesser Purple Fringed Orchid ..................... See Small
Purple-fringed Orchid
Lesser Reed Mace ........... See Narrow-leaved Cat-tail
Lesser Roundleaved Orchid ................... See Large
Round-leaved Orchid
Lesser Stitchwort .................................................... 8
Lettuce
Canada..................................... See Wild Lettuce
Canker ....................See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Indian .....................See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Tall .......................................... See Wild Lettuce
Wild ................................... See Rattlesnakeroot;
—See also Wild Lettuce
Leucanthemum vulgare ...................See Ox-eye Daisy
Liatris
scariosa.....................................See Blazing Star
Liberty-tea ............................See Whorled Loosestrife
Licorice
Wild ................................. See Wild Sarsaparilla
Life-everlasting
Sweet ...............................See Sweet Everlasting
Life-of-Man..............................See Sweet Everlasting
Life-root .....................................See Golden Ragwort
Lilium
philadelphicum............................................. 17
superbum ............................. See Turk’s-cap Lily
Lily
Canada......................................See Canada Lily
Cow .................................. See Yellow Pond Lily
Fawn.............................................See Trout Lily
Field .........................................See Canada Lily
Flag ..............................................See Blue Flag
Flame........................................... See Wood Lily
Huckleberry................................. See Wood Lily
Liver .............................................See Blue Flag
Meadow....................................See Canada Lily
Nodding............................... See Turk’s-cap Lily
Philadelphia................................. See Wood Lily
Pond .................... See Sweet-scented Water Lily
Red .............................................. See Wood Lily
Red Wood .................................... See Wood Lily
Snake ............................................See Blue Flag
Tiger .................................... See Turk’s-cap Lily
Trout .............................................See Trout Lily
Turban ................................. See Turk’s-cap Lily
Turk’s-cap ........................... See Turk’s-cap Lily
Wild ..........................................See Canada Lily
Wild Orange ................................ See Wood Lily
Wild Orange-red.......................... See Wood Lily
Wild Red ..................................... See Wood Lily
Wild Tiger ........................... See Turk’s-cap Lily
Wild Yellow .............................See Canada Lily
Wood ..................................See Purple Trillium;
—See also Wood Lily
Yellow ......................................See Canada Lily
Lily-of-the-Valley
False ..............................See Canada Mayflower
Wild ...............................See Canada Mayflower
Limonium carolinianum..................See Sea Lavender
Linaria
Blue ........................................See Blue Toadflax
vulgaris...............................See Butter-and-eggs
Lindera benzoin ................................... See Spicebush
Lion’s-ear .......................................... See Motherwort
Lion’s Foot .................................. See Rattlesnakeroot
Lion’s-tail .......................................... See Motherwort
Lion’s-tooth ..................................See Fall Dandelion
Lion’stooth ...........................................See Dandelion
Little House Leek ...................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Live-for-ever ........................................................... 8
Live-long ......................................... See Live-for-ever
Liverleaf ..........................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Common.................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Kidney ....................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Noble ......................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Round-leaved .........See Round-leaved Hepatica
Liverweed .......................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Liverwort.........................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Heart.......................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Noble ......................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Three-leaved ..........See Round-leaved Hepatica
Lobelia .........................................See Indian Tobacco
Bladder-pod.........................See Indian Tobacco
cardinalis ...........................See Cardinal Flower
inflata...................................See Indian Tobacco
Red ....................................See Cardinal Flower
Long-branched Frostweed ...................See Frostweed
Loosestrife...................................See Swamp Candles
Bulb-bearing ......................See Swamp Candles
Cluster-flowered .................See Swamp Candles
Four-leaved .................See Whorled Loosestrife
Upright ...............................See Swamp Candles
Whorled.......................See Whorled Loosestrife
Whorled Yellow ..........See Whorled Loosestrife
Lords-and-Ladies .................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Lousewort ............................................................... 8
Canadian .....................................See Lousewort
Lousewort False Foxglove ...... See Fern-leaved False
Foxglove
Love-entangled ......................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Love-in-Winter....................................See Pipsissewa
Love-me .......................................See For-get-me-not
Love Vine ................................................. See Dodder
Low Belia .....................................See Indian Tobacco
Lungwort
Bullock’s ......................................... See Mullein
Clown’s ........................................... See Mullein
Cow’s .............................................. See Mullein
Smooth ............................. See Virginia Cowslip
Tree .................................. See Virginia Cowslip
Lycopus
americanus ..... See American Water Horehound
Lysimachia
quadrifolia ...................See Whorled Loosestrife
terrestris..............................See Swamp Candles
Mackerel Mint...................................... See Spearmint
Madapple...........................................See Jimsonweed
Mad-dog .................................. See Mad-dog Skullcap
Mad-dog Skullcap ................................................... 8
Mad Dogweed ......................... See Mad-dog Skullcap
Madnep ........................................... See Wild Parsnip
Madweed ................................. See Mad-dog Skullcap
Maianthemum
canadense ......................See Canada Mayflower
racemosum ................ See False Solomon’s Seal
Maiden’s-tears ............................ See Evening Lychnis
Male Nervine .........................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Malice .......................................See Common Mallow
Mallow ................................See Swamp Rose Mallow
Blue ..................................See Common Mallow
Country ............................See Common Mallow
Dwarf ...............................See Common Mallow
Low ..................................See Common Mallow
Running ............................See Common Mallow
Swamp........................See Swamp Rose Mallow
Water ..........................See Swamp Rose Mallow
Mallow Rose .......................See Swamp Rose Mallow
Mandrake ............................................ See May Apple
Many-flowered White Aster .................................... 8
Mare’s tail .................See Many-flowered White Aster
Margarite .........................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Marigold
Marsh ................................See Marsh Marigold
Rayless ....................................See Beggar Ticks
Yellow Marsh ....................See Marsh Marigold
Mark-weed ...........................................See Poison Ivy
Marsh Beetle .............................See Common Cat-tail
Marsh Calla ......................................... See Wild Calla
Marsh Marigold ...................................................... 8
Marsh Pestle ..............................See Common Cat-tail
Marsh Root......................................See Sea Lavender
Marsh Rosemary .............................See Sea Lavender
Marsh Turnip........................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Maryland Figwort ................. See Carpenter’s Square
Maud .........................................See Common Mallow
Maudlin ...........................................See Ox-eye Daisy
May Apple............................................................... 8
Mayflower .................................See Trailing Arbutus;
—See also Wood Anemone
Meadow Beauty ...................................................... 8
Meadow Bouts ...........................See Marsh Marigold
Meadow Buttercup .........................See Tall Buttercup
Meadow Cabbage.........................See Skunk Cabbage
Meadow Clover.................................. See Red Clover
Meadow Crowfoot .........................See Tall Buttercup
Meadow-cup ................................... See Pitcher-plant
Meadow Fern ..................................... See Sweet Fern
Meadow-gowan..........................See Marsh Marigold
Meadow Gowan .........................See Marsh Marigold
26
Meadow Parsnip
Early ..............................See Golden Alexanders
Golden ...........................See Golden Alexanders
Meadow Scabish ...............See Purple-stemmed Aster
Meadow-sweet ........................................................ 8
Willowed-leaved ..................See Meadow-sweet
Meadowsweet
White ....................................See Meadow-sweet
Meadow Turnip ....................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Mealberry ............................................. See Bearberry
Mealweed ................................................See Pigweed
Mealy-berry.......................................... See Bearberry
Mealy Starwort..................................... See Colic-root
Meeting-houses ...........................See Wild Columbine
Meldweed................................................See Pigweed
Melilot
Field ............................. See Sweet White Clover
Ribbed .......................... See Sweet White Clover
Melilotus officinalis ..............See Sweet White Clover
Mentha
spicata ......................................... See Spearmint
x piperita ...................................See Peppermint
Mercury ................................................See Poison Ivy
Mercury Vine .......................................See Poison Ivy
Mertensia virginica ................... See Virginia Cowslip
Michaelmas Daisy.....See Many-flowered White Aster
Mid-summer-men............................ See Live-for-ever
Milenrama ................................................. See Yarrow
Milfoil ....................................................... See Yarrow
Milkweed ..................................... See Butterfly Weed;
—See also Indian Hemp
Butterfly ............................... See Butterfly Weed
Fourleaf ................... See Four-leaved Milkweed
Four-leaved ............. See Four-leaved Milkweed
Orange .................................. See Butterfly Weed
Tall ...................................... See Poke Milkweed
Trumpet ................................... See Wild Lettuce
Milk Weed .............................See Spreading Dogbane
Milk-witch,...........................................See Dandelion
Milk-wort
Large-flowered ................ See Fringed Polygala
Milkwort
Bitter .................................See Purple Milkwort
Common............................See Purple Milkwort
Field ..................................See Purple Milkwort
Fringed ............................ See Fringed Polygala
Pink ...................................See Purple Milkwort
Purple ................................See Purple Milkwort
Millefolium ............................................... See Yarrow
Mint ..................................................... See Spearmint
American ...................................See Peppermint
Brown.......................................... See Spearmint
Garden ......................................... See Spearmint
Lamb ........................................... See Spearmint
Mackerel ..................................... See Spearmint
Our Lady’s .................................. See Spearmint
Mitchella
Creeping .............................See Partridge Berry
Mitchella repens ..........................See Partridge Berry
Mitchella Vine .............................See Partridge Berry
Mitella
diphylla ....................................... See Mitrewort
Two-leaved .................................. See Mitrewort
Miterwort
Twoleaf........................................ See Mitrewort
Mitrewort ................................................................ 8
False ........................................See Foam-flower
Moccasin Flower....................... See Pink Ladyslipper
Yellow ...........................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Mock-gilliflower ................................... See Soapwort
Monarda didyma ............................... See Oswego Tea
Moneses
uniflora ....................... See One-flowered Pyrola
Monkeyflower ........................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Monkey Pitchers ............................. See Pitcher-plant
Monk’s-head ........................................See Dandelion
Monotropa
hypopithys .......................................See Pinesap
uniflora ......................................See Indian Pipe
Moon-flower ...................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Moon-penny ....................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Moonshine............................. See Pearly Everlasting;
—See also Sweet Everlasting
Moor-grass ........................See Round-leaved Sundew
Morning Glory
Wild ..............................................See Bindweed
Mortal.....................................See Deadly Nightshade
Mosquito Plant ...................See American Pennyroyal
Moss
Golden .............................. See Mossy Stonecrop
Mossy Stonecrop..................................................... 8
Mother’s Hearts.........................See Shepherd’s Purse
Motherwort ............................................................. 8
Common................................... See Motherwort
Mountain Box ...................................... See Bearberry
Mountain Bugbane ......................... See Black Cohosh
Mountain Flax .......................... See Seneca Snakeroot
Mountain Laurel...................................................... 9
Mountainmint
Virginia...................See Virginia Mountain Mint
Mountain Mint .................................. See Oswego Tea
Virginia...................See Virginia Mountain Mint
Mountain Moss ......................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Mountain Pink............................ See Trailing Arbutus
Mountain Sorrel ................................. See Sour Grass
Mountain Tea .................................... See Wintergreen
Mountain Thyme .............See Virginia Mountain Mint
Mouse-ear ....................................See For-get-me-not
Mouse-ear Everlasting ........................ See Pussy-toes
Mouse-ears ......................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Mouse-tail ................................. See Mossy Stonecrop
Mouth Root ........................................ See Goldthread
Moxie Plum......................... See Creeping Snowberry
Muckweed ...............................................See Pigweed
Mullein .................................................................... 9
Common.......................................... See Mullein
Great................................................ See Mullein
Velvet .............................................. See Mullein
Mullein Dock ........................................... See Mullein
Mullen Dock ............................................ See Mullein
Mullen Pink.......................... See Purple Corn Cockle
Musquash Root ............................See Water Hemlock
Mustard
Black .................................... See Black Mustard
Brown................................... See Black Mustard
Red ....................................... See Black Mustard
Myosotis scorpioides ...................See For-get-me-not
Myrtle
Barren.......................................... See Bearberry
Burren ......................................... See Bearberry
Sweet ..........................................See Sweet Flag
Myrtle-flag ..........................................See Sweet Flag
Myrtle Flag..........................................See Sweet Flag
Myrtle-grass ........................................See Sweet Flag
Myrtle Grass........................................See Sweet Flag
Myrtle-sedge .......................................See Sweet Flag
Myrtle Sedge .......................................See Sweet Flag
Nancy-over-the-ground ....................See Foam-flower
Napoleon’s Plume ........................See Cypress Spurge
Nard ..................................................... See Spikenard
Narrowleaf Cattail ........... See Narrow-leaved Cat-tail
Narrow-leaved Cat-tail............................................ 9
Narrow-leaved Laurel ..................... See Sheep Laurel
Nature’s-mistake ................. See Flowering Dogwood
Neotia
Spiral ................................... See Ladies’ Tresses
Neottia .......................................... See Ladies’ Tresses
Barton’s Vein-leavedSee Rattlesnake Plantain
Nerveroot ...............................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Nerve Root ...............................See Pink Ladyslipper;
—See also Yellow Ladyslipper
Net-leaf Plantain ................. See Rattlesnake Plantain
New England Aster ................................................. 9
New Jersey Tea ....................................................... 9
New York Ironweed ................................................ 9
Nightshade .............................See Deadly Nightshade
American ..................................... See Pokeweed
Bitter .............................See Deadly Nightshade
Bittersweet ....................See Deadly Nightshade
Carolina ................................... See Horse Nettle
Climbing .......................See Deadly Nightshade
Deadly ...........................See Deadly Nightshade
Drooping Three-leaved ....See Nodding Trillium
Woody ...........................See Deadly Nightshade
Night Willow-herb ...................See Evening Primrose
Nimble Weed................................See Wood Anemone
Noah’s-ark
Yellow ...........................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Noah’s Ark ...............................See Pink Ladyslipper;
—See also Yellow Ladyslipper
Noble Liverleaf ...............See Round-leaved Hepatica
Noble Liverwort ..............See Round-leaved Hepatica
Noble Pine...........................................See Pipsissewa
Nodding-flowered Neottia ........... See Ladies’ Tresses
Nodding Lily ................................ See Turk’s-cap Lily
Nodding Trillium .................................................... 9
None-so-pretty ....................... See Pearly Everlasting
Northern Slender Lady’s TressesSee Slender Ladies’
Tresses
Nosebleed....................................See Purple Trillium;
—See also Yarrow
Nosebleed-weed ........................................ See Yarrow
Nuphar lutea .............................. See Yellow Pond Lily
Nuttallanthus
canadensis ..............................See Blue Toadflax
Nymphaea odorata ....... See Sweet-scented Water Lily
Oakesia............................ See Sessile-leaved Bellwort
Oenothera
biennis .............................See Evening Primrose
Ohio Curcuma .................................... See Goldenseal
Old Field Balsam .....................See Sweet Everlasting
Old Field Clover .................. See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Old-goose .................................. See Pink Ladyslipper
Old-maid’s-nightcap ....................See Wild Geranium
Old Maid’s-nightcap ....................See Wild Geranium
Old Maid’s Pink .................. See Purple Corn Cockle;
—See also Soapwort
Old Man’s Beard ...........................See Virgin’s Bower
Old-man’s-flannel .................................... See Mullein
Old Man’s Pepper ..................................... See Yarrow
Oldman’s Root ..................................... See Spikenard
One-berry .......................................... See Wintergreen
One Berry ....................................See Partridge Berry
One-blade ...............................See Canada Mayflower
One-flowered Pyrola ............................................... 9
One-flowered Wax-plant ....................See Indian Pipe
One-leaf..................................See Canada Mayflower
One-o’clock..........................................See Dandelion
Onion Dodder........................................... See Dodder
Orange Hawkweed ................ See Devil’s Paint-brush
Orange-root .................................. See Butterfly Weed;
—See also Goldenseal
Climbing ...................See American Bittersweet
Orchid
Feather-leaved .......... See White Fringed Orchid
Greater Purpled Fringed ..................... See Large
Purple-fringed Orchid
Green Fringed .......... See Ragged Green Orchid
Greenish .......................... See Tubercled Orchid
Large Purple-fringed . See Large Purple-fringed
Orchid
Large Round-leaved ....See Large Round-leaved
Orchid
Lesser Purple Fringed See Small Purple-fringed
Orchid
Lesser Roundleaved ....See Large Round-leaved
Orchid
Palegreen ......................... See Tubercled Orchid
Ragged ..................... See Ragged Green Orchid
Ragged Green........... See Ragged Green Orchid
Rein .......................... See White Fringed Orchid
Small Purple-fringed ... See Small Purple-fringed
Orchid
Snakemouth........................... See Rose Pogonia
Orchis ..................... See Large Purple-fringed Orchid
Early Purple-fringed.... See Large Purple-fringed
Orchid
Flaming ......... See Small Purple-fringed Orchid
Fringed Green .......... See Ragged Green Orchid
Gay ........................................ See Showy Orchis
Greater Green ..See Large Round-leaved Orchid
Large Round-leaved ....See Large Round-leaved
Orchid
Ragged ..................... See Ragged Green Orchid
Ragged Fringed ........ See Ragged Green Orchid
27
Showy ................................... See Showy Orchis
Small Pale Green............. See Tubercled Orchid
Spring .................................... See Showy Orchis
Tubercled ........................ See Tubercled Orchid
Orpine ............................................. See Live-for-ever
Biting................................ See Mossy Stonecrop
Garden .................................... See Live-for-ever
Oswego Tea ............................................................. 9
Our Delight ......................... See One-flowered Pyrola
Our Lady’s Mint................................... See Spearmint
Oxalis
Common Yellow .......... See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Oxalis stricta ......................... See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Oxbalm.............................................. See Horse Balm
Ox Balm ............................................ See Horse Balm
Ox-eye Daisy .......................................................... 9
—See also Black-eyed Susan
Packera
aurea ..................................See Golden Ragwort
Painted Cup
Scarlet ..................................... See Painted Cup
Painted Trillium ...................................................... 9
Pale Corydalis ......................................................... 9
Palegreen Orchid ...................... See Tubercled Orchid
Panax
quinquefolius..........................See Wild Ginseng
trifolius ................................See Dwarf Ginseng
Panay ....................................................... See Heal-all
Pappoose Root .................................See Blue Cohosh
Parsley
Poison................................ See Poison Hemlock
Spotted .............................. See Poison Hemlock
Parsley Fern ................................................ See Tansy
Parsnip....................................See Queen Anne’s Lace
Field ....................................... See Wild Parsnip
Hemlock Water..................... See Water Parsnip
Water .................................... See Water Parsnip
Wild ........................................ See Wild Parsnip
Parthenocissus quinquefolia..................See Woodbine
Partridge-berry .................................See Wintergreen;
—See also Partridge Berry
Partridgeberry .............................See Partridge Berry
Partridge Berry ........................................................ 9
—See also Wintergreen
Partridge Pea ........................................................... 9
Partridge Vine .............................See Partridge Berry
Pastinaca sativa ............................... See Wild Parsnip
Pasture Rose ............................................................ 9
Paul’s Betony ......... See American Water Horehound;
—See also Common Speedwell
Pauson .................................................. See Bloodroot
Pea
Beach.......................................... See Beach Pea
Cat ..............................................See Cow Vetch
Everlasting ................................. See Beach Pea
Ground Squirrel .............................See Twinleaf
Hoary..........................................See Goat’s Rue
Sea ............................................. See Beach Pea
Seaside ....................................... See Beach Pea
Turkey ........................................See Goat’s Rue
Wild ............................................See Goat’s Rue
Wild Sweet .................................See Goat’s Rue
Pear Leaf Wintergreen ....See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Pearly Everlasting ................................................... 9
Pedicularis
canadensis ...................................See Lousewort
Peltandra
virginica ...................................See Arrow Arum
Pennsylvania Smartweed ............. See Pink Knotweed
Pennsyvania Persicaria................. See Pink Knotweed
Penny John ..................... See Common St. John’swort
Pennyroyal ........................See American Pennyroyal;
—See also Virginia Mountain Mint
American ...................See American Pennyroyal
American False .........See American Pennyroyal
Bastard ....................................... See Blue Curls
Mock .........................See American Pennyroyal
Pepper Crop .............................. See Mossy Stonecrop
Pepperidge Bush .................... See Common Barberry
Peppermint ............................................................ 10
Pepper-root ........................See Cut-leaved Toothwort;
—See also Toothwort
Pepper Turnip .......................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Perfoliate Bellwort ................................................ 10
Periwinkle ......................................... See Wintergreen
Persicaria ...................................... See Pink Knotweed
Common.............................. See Pink Knotweed
Pennsylvania ....................... See Pink Knotweed
Water ................................. See Water Knotweed
Persicary
Glandular............................. See Pink Knotweed
Peru Apple.........................................See Jimsonweed
Peter’s Staff .............................................. See Mullein
Philadelphia Lily .................................. See Wood Lily
Physic-root ......................................See Culver’s Root
Phytolacca americana........................... See Pokeweed
Pickpocket .................................See Shepherd’s Purse
Pick-purse .................................See Shepherd’s Purse
Pickpurse .........................................See Corn Spurrey
Pickry ...................................................See Poison Ivy
Pigeon Berries ...................................... See Pokeweed
Pigeon-berry......................................... See Pokeweed
Pigeon’s Grass.................................. See Blue Vervain
Pig-potato ............................................ See Groundnut
Pigweed ................................................................. 10
Smooth ...........................................See Pigweed
Pilewort ................................. See Carpenter’s Square
Pimpernel .............................................................. 10
Red ..............................................See Pimpernel
Pimpernell
Blue ................................ See Mad-dog Skullcap
Pine-cheat........................................See Corn Spurrey
Pinesap .................................................................. 10
Pine Tulip ............................................See Pipsissewa
Pink
Bearded ......................................See Grass Pink
Corn............................. See Purple Corn Cockle
Indian ............................................ See Arethusa
Mountain ........................... See Trailing Arbutus
Mullen ......................... See Purple Corn Cockle
Old Maid’s .................. See Purple Corn Cockle
Swamp........................................See Grass Pink
Wild ............................................... See Arethusa
Winter................................ See Trailing Arbutus
Pink Azalea ........................................................... 10
Pink Corydalis............................ See Painted Trillium
Pink Knotweed ...................................................... 10
Pink Ladyslipper ................................................... 10
Pink Lady’s Slipper ................... See Pink Ladyslipper
Pink Milkwort ............................See Purple Milkwort
Pink-purse .......................................See Corn Spurrey
Pinxter Flower................................... See Pink Azalea
Pipsissewa ............................................................. 10
—See also Striped Pipsissewa
Common.....................................See Pipsissewa
Spotted .......................... See Striped Pipsissewa
Spotted-leaved............... See Striped Pipsissewa
Pitcher-plant .......................................................... 10
Pitcherplant
Purple ..................................... See Pitcher-plant
Pitch-forks ........................................See Beggar Ticks
Plantain
Downy Rattlesnake .... See Rattlesnake Plantain
Net Leaf ..................... See Rattlesnake Plantain
Poor Robin’s................... See Rattlesnake-weed;
—See also Robin’s Plantain
Rattlesnake ................. See Rattlesnake Plantain
Robert’s .............................See Robin’s Plantain
Snake ............................... See Rattlesnake-weed
Plantain-leaved Everlasting ................ See Pussy-toes
Platanthera
blephariglottis .......... See White Fringed Orchid
flava var, herbiola ............ See Tubercled Orchid
grandiflora ..... See Large Purple-fringed Orchid
lacera ........................ See Ragged Green Orchid
orbiculata.........See Large Round-leaved Orchid
psycodes ........ See Small Purple-fringed Orchid
Pleurisy Root................................. See Butterfly Weed
Pocan .................................................... See Pokeweed
Pockweed .....................................See Skunk Cabbage
Podophyllum
peltatum...................................... See May Apple
Pogonia
Adder Mouth ......................... See Rose Pogonia
Adder’s Tongue ..................... See Rose Pogonia
ophioglossoides ..................... See Rose Pogonia
Rose....................................... See Rose Pogonia
Sweet ..................................... See Rose Pogonia
Poison Ash ......................................... See Poison Ivy;
—See also Poison Sumac
Poisonberry ............................See Deadly Nightshade
Poison Chickweed................................See Pimpernel
Poison Creeper .....................................See Poison Ivy
Poison Elder ...................................See Poison Sumac
Poison Flower ........................See Deadly Nightshade
Poison Hemlock .................................................... 10
Poison Ivy ............................................................. 10
Poison Oak ...........................................See Poison Ivy
Poison Parsley ............................ See Poison Hemlock
Poison Root ................................ See Poison Hemlock
Poison Sheep Sorrel .............. See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Poison Snakeweed ..................... See Poison Hemlock
Poison Sumac ........................................................ 10
Poison Sumach ...............................See Poison Sumac
Poison Tree.....................................See Poison Sumac
Poison Vine ..........................................See Poison Ivy
Poison Wood ..................................See Poison Sumac
Poke ...........................................See False Hellebore;
—See also Pokeweed
Stinking ...............................See Skunk Cabbage
Virginia........................................ See Pokeweed
Poke Milkweed ..................................................... 11
Poke Root ....................................See False Hellebore
Pokeweed .............................................................. 11
American ..................................... See Pokeweed
Polecat Weed ................................See Skunk Cabbage
Pole Cat Weed ..............................See Skunk Cabbage
Polygala.................................... See Fringed Polygala
Few-leaved ...................... See Fringed Polygala
paucifolia......................... See Fringed Polygala
Purple ................................See Purple Milkwort
sanguinea...........................See Purple Milkwort
senega.............................. See Seneca Snakeroot
Polygonatum biflorum .........See True Solomon’s Seal
Polygonum
amphibium ........................ See Water Knotweed
pensylvanicum .................... See Pink Knotweed
Polygonum pensylvanicum .......... See Pink Knotweed
Pond Dogwood................................... See Buttonbush
Pond Lily...................... See Sweet-scented Water Lily
Large Yellow .................... See Yellow Pond Lily
Yellow .............................. See Yellow Pond Lily
Pool Root ..................................................See Sanicle
Poor-land .........................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Poor-man’s-pepper .................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Poor-man’s Weather-glass ....................See Pimpernel
Poor Robin’s Plantain ............. See Rattlesnake-weed;
—See also Robin’s Plantain
Poppy
Bubble ............................... See Evening Lychnis
Frothy .............................See Bladder Campion;
—See also Evening Lychnis
Spattering ........................See Bladder Campion
Sprattling ........................... See Evening Lychnis
Potato-pea ........................................... See Groundnut
Potentilla
argentea ...........................See Silvery Cinquefoil
canadensis ..................See Canadian Cinquefoil
Poverty .....................................See Sweet Everlasting
Poverty-grass........................ See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Poverty-weed .................................See Corn Spurrey;
—See also Ox-eye Daisy;
—See also Pearly Everlasting
Prairie Senna ..................................See Partridge Pea
Prairie Weed .......................... See Shrubby Cinquefoil
Prarie-hyssop...................See Virginia Mountain Mint
Prenanthes altissima .................... See Rattlesnakeroot
Pricket ....................................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Pride-madam ............................. See Mossy Stonecrop
Pride Weed ..........................................See Horseweed
Priest’s-crown ......................................See Dandelion
Priest’s-pintle .......................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Prince’s Pine........................................See Pipsissewa
Prince’s Pine Pyrola ............................See Pipsissewa
28
Princess Pine .......................................See Pipsissewa
Prunella
Lance-leaved .................................. See Heal-all
vulgaris........................................... See Heal-all
Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium................. See Sweet
Everlasting
Puccoon ................................................ See Bloodroot
Red .............................................. See Bloodroot
White ........................................... See Bloodroot
Yellow ....................................... See Goldenseal
Puccoon-root ........................................ See Bloodroot
Pudding-bag Plant ........................... See Live-for-ever
Puff Ball ...............................................See Dandelion
Pukeweed .....................................See Indian Tobacco
Puppet-root..................................See False Hellebore
Purple Azalea .................................... See Pink Azalea
Purple Boneset ............................... See Joe-Pye-weed
Purple Clover ..................................... See Red Clover
Purple Corn Cockle ............................................... 11
Purple False Foxglove................See Purple Gerardia
Purple Gerardia ..................................................... 11
Purple Lady’s Slipper................ See Pink Ladyslipper
Purple-lead ................................... See Pink Knotweed
Purple Pitcherplant .......................... See Pitcher-plant
Purple Polygala ..........................See Purple Milkwort
Purple-stemmed Aster ........................................... 11
Purple Thoroughwort ..................... See Joe-Pye-weed
Purple Trillium ...................................................... 11
Purple Wake-robin .......................See Purple Trillium
Purvain .............................................See Blue Vervain
Pussies .................................. See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Pussy cats ............................. See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Pussy Clover ........................ See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Pussy-foot Clover................. See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Pussy-toes ............................................................. 11
Pycnanthemum virginianum ... See Virginia Mountain
Mint
Pyrola
americana ...............See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
elliptica........................................... See Shinleaf
Prince’s Pine...............................See Pipsissewa
Round-leaved .........See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Quack Salver’s Grass ...................See Cypress Spurge
Quaker Bonnets...........................................See Bluets
Quaker Ladies .............................................See Bluets
Quaker Lady..................................See Meadow-sweet
Queen Anne’s Lace ............................................... 11
Queen-of-the-Meadow ................... See Joe-Pye-weed
Queen-of-the-Meadows ................See Meadow-sweet
Rabbit-foot ............................... See Wild Sarsaparilla
Rabbit-foot Clover ............... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Rabbitfoot Clover................. See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Rabbit-root ........................... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Rabbit’s-foot Clover.............................................. 11
Rabbit-tobacco .........................See Sweet Everlasting
Raccoon Berry .................................... See May Apple
Radical-weed.................................... See Horse Nettle
Ragged Fringed Orchis ..... See Ragged Green Orchid
Ragged Green Orchid ........................................... 11
Ragged Orchid .................. See Ragged Green Orchid
Ragged Orchis................... See Ragged Green Orchid
Ragwort ......................................See Golden Ragwort
Ramcid ........................................See Butter-and-eggs
Ramsted.......................................See Butter-and-eggs
Ranunculus
acris .......................................See Tall Buttercup
bulbosus .........................See Bulbous Buttercup
Rapper Dandies ................................. See Wintergreen
Raspberry
Ground ...................................... See Goldenseal
Rat’s-bane .............................. See Striped Pipsissewa
Ratsbane ................................. See Striped Pipsissewa
Rattle-box................................... See Evening Lychnis
Rattlebush ..........................................See Wild Indigo
Rattleroot........................................ See Black Cohosh
Rattlesnake Herb ....................... See White Baneberry
Rattlesnake Master ............................See Blazing Star
Rattlesnake Plantain .............................................. 11
Rattlesnake-root ...................... See Seneca Snakeroot;
—See also Rattlesnakeroot
Rattlesnakeroot ..................................................... 11
—See also Black Cohosh
Tall ..................................... See Rattlesnakeroot
Rattlesnake Violet .................................See Trout Lily
Rattlesnake-weed .................................................. 11
Rattlesnakeweed ...................... See Rattlesnake-weed
Rattletop ......................................... See Black Cohosh
Rattleweed...................................... See Black Cohosh
Red-benjamin ...............................See Purple Trillium
Redberry..........................................See Wild Ginseng
Redberry Tea ..................................... See Wintergreen
Red Betty ...................................See Cardinal Flower
Red Chickweed ....................................See Pimpernel
Red Clover ............................................................ 11
Red Columbine ...........................See Wild Columbine
Red Indian Paint................................... See Bloodroot
Red Inkberry ........................................ See Pokeweed
Red Lily ............................................... See Wood Lily
Red Lobelia ................................See Cardinal Flower
Red Pollen ......................................... See Wintergreen
Red Pollom........................................ See Wintergreen
Red Robin ........................................ See Herb Robert
Red-root .......................................See New Jersey Tea
Redroot................................................. See Bloodroot
Red Root .............................................. See Bloodroot
Red-rot .............................See Thread-leaved Sundew
Red Shanks....................................... See Herb Robert
Red Sorrel .......................................... See Sour Grass
Red-stalk ...........................See Purple-stemmed Aster
Red-top Sorrel .................................... See Sour Grass
Red Trillium .................................See Purple Trillium
Red Wake-robin ...........................See Purple Trillium
Red Weed ........................................... See Sour Grass
Red Wood Lily ..................................... See Wood Lily
Rein Orchid ....................... See White Fringed Orchid
Rheumatism Root................................................ See ;
—See also Twinleaf
Rheumatism Weed ......................... See Indian Hemp;
—See also Pipsissewa
Rhexia .........................................See Meadow Beauty
virginica .............................See Meadow Beauty
Rhododendron ....................................................... 12
American ..............................See Rhododendron
Great.....................................See Rhododendron
maximum .............................See Rhododendron
prinophyllum ............................ See Pink Azalea
Ribbed Melilot ......................See Sweet White Clover
Richleaf ............................................. See Horse Balm
Richweed....................................... See Black Cohosh;
—See also Horse Balm
Ringcup ..........................................See Tall Buttercup
River-bush .......................................... See Buttonbush
Robert Geranium.............................. See Herb Robert
Robert’s Plantain ........................See Robin’s Plantain
Robin-runaway.................... See Gill-over-the-ground
Robin Runaway.................................... See Dalibarda
Robin-runs-away ................. See Gill-over-the-ground
Robin’s Plantain .................................................... 12
Rockberry............................................. See Bearberry
Rock Columbine .........................See Wild Columbine
Rocket Cress ......................................See Wintercress
Rock Harlequin .......................... See Painted Trillium
Rockrose ..............................................See Frostweed
Canadian .....................................See Frostweed
Rock Rose
Canadian .....................................See Frostweed
Rock Saxifrage ............................ See Early Saxifrage
Root
Ague ............................................ See Colic-root
Alum ...................................See Wild Geranium
Beaumont ...............................See Culver’s Root
Blueberry.................................See Blue Cohosh
Bowmans.................................See Indian Hemp
Brinton ...................................See Culver’s Root
Bumblebee ..........................See Purple Trillium
Canada Snake ...........................See Wild Ginger
Canker ....................................See Sea Lavender
Culver’s ..................................See Culver’s Root
Dragon............................ See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
False Unicorn ..............................See Devil’s Bit
Fever .........................................See Wild Coffee
Indian .......................................... See Spikenard
Jaundice..................................... See Goldenseal
Knob......................................... See Horse Balm
Large Coral .....................See Spotted Coralroot
Marsh .....................................See Sea Lavender
Mouth ........................................ See Goldthread
Musquash ............................See Water Hemlock
Nerve .............................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Old Man’s.................................... See Spikenard
Pappoose .................................See Blue Cohosh
Pleurisy ................................ See Butterfly Weed
Poke....................................See False Hellebore
Red .............................................. See Bloodroot
Rheumatism ............................................... See ;
—See also Twinleaf
Sweet ..........................................See Sweet Flag
True Unicorn ............................... See Colic-root
Turmeric .................................... See Goldenseal
Unicorn ......................................See Colic-root;
—See also Devil’s Bit
Vermont Snake .........................See Wild Ginger
Wild Alum ...........................See Wild Geranium
Yellow ....................................... See Goldthread
Rosa carolina................................... See Pasture Rose
Rosa-solaris .......................See Round-leaved Sundew
Rose
Burnet..........................................See Pimpernel
Canadian Rock ............................See Frostweed
Carolina .................................. See Pasture Rose
Common Pasture .................... See Pasture Rose
Corn............................. See Purple Corn Cockle
Dwarf ..................................... See Pasture Rose
Mallow .......................See Swamp Rose Mallow
Pasture .................................... See Pasture Rose
Swamp.................................... See Pasture Rose
Wild ........................................ See Pasture Rose
Rose Bay .......................................See Rhododendron
American ..............................See Rhododendron
Rose-mallow
Swamp........................See Swamp Rose Mallow
Rosemary
White ................See Many-flowered White Aster
Rose Petty ..................................See Robin’s Plantain
Rosepink .............................................. See Rose Pink
Rose Pink .............................................................. 12
Rose Pogonia ........................................................ 12
Rose Tree ......................................See Rhododendron
Rosin Rose ..................... See Common St. John’swort
Round Dock ..............................See Common Mallow
Roundleaf Sundew ............See Round-leaved Sundew
Roundleaf Yellow Violet .....See Round-leaved Yellow
Violet
Round-leaved Hepatica ......................................... 12
Round-leaved Liverleaf ..See Round-leaved Hepatica
Round-leaved Pyrola.......See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Round-leaved Shin-leaf ........................................ 12
Round leaved Sundew.......See Round-leaved Sundew
Round-leaved Sundew .......................................... 12
Round-leaved Yellow Violet ................................. 12
Rubber-tree.............................See Common Milkweed
Rudbeckia
Great Hairy...................... See Black-eyed Susan
hirta ................................. See Black-eyed Susan
Rue Anemone ........................................................ 12
Rumex Acetosella .............................. See Sour Grass
Rutland’s Beauty ...................................See Bindweed
Sabatia angularis .................................. See Rose Pink
Sagacho ................................................ See Bearberry
Sagachomi ............................................ See Bearberry
Sage of Bethlehem ............................... See Spearmint
Sailor’s-knot .................................See Wild Geranium
Salt Rheum Seed ................................. See Turtlehead
Salt Rheum Weed ................................ See Turtlehead
Sambucus
nigra ssp.canadensis ............ See Common Elder
Sand Brier ........................................ See Horse Nettle
Sand-leaved Clover ................................... See Yarrow
Sandweed ........................................See Corn Spurrey
Sang ................................................See Wild Ginseng
Sanguinaria
canadensis ................................... See Bloodroot
Sanguinary ................................................ See Yarrow
29
Sanicle ................................................................... 12
American ..........................................See Sanicle
American Bastard........................ See Mitrewort
Indian ................................ See White Snakeroot
White ................................. See White Snakeroot
Sanicula marilandica .................................See Sanicle
Saponaria officinalis.............................. See Soapwort
Sarah .......................................... See Painted Trillium
Sarracenia purpurea ........................ See Pitcher-plant
Sarsaparilla
American .................................... See Spikenard;
—See also Wild Sarsaparilla
False ................................ See Wild Sarsaparilla
Virginian.......................... See Wild Sarsaparilla
Wild ................................. See Wild Sarsaparilla
Saxifraga
virginiensis ......................... See Early Saxifrage
Saxifrage
Rock ................................... See Early Saxifrage
Virginia............................... See Early Saxifrage
Scabwort ...........................................See Elecampane
Scaldweed ................................................ See Dodder
Scald Weed ............................................... See Dodder
Scarlet Beebalm ................................ See Oswego Tea
Scarletberry ............................See Deadly Nightshade
Scarlet Cup ....................................... See Painted Cup
Scarlet Indian Paintbrush ................. See Painted Cup
Scarlet Pimpernel .................................See Pimpernel
Scented Fern................................................ See Tansy
Scoke .................................................... See Pokeweed
Scorpion Grass .............................See For-get-me-not
Screw Auger ................................. See Ladies’ Tresses
Scrofula Weed ..................... See Rattlesnake Plantain
Scrophularia
marilandica ................... See Carpenter’s Square
Scrub-brush ...............See Many-flowered White Aster
Scull-cap ................................. See Mad-dog Skullcap
Blue ................................ See Mad-dog Skullcap
Scullcap
Side-flowering ................ See Mad-dog Skullcap
Scurvy ........................................... See Black Mustard
Scutellaria
lateriflora ........................ See Mad-dog Skullcap
Sea Hollyhock .....................See Swamp Rose Mallow
Sea Lavender ......................................................... 12
Sea-pink ..................................... See Evening Lychnis
Sea-sedge ............................................See Sweet Flag
Sea-thrift .........................................See Sea Lavender
Seawort ................................See True Solomon’s Seal
Sedge-cane ..........................................See Sweet Flag
Sedge-grass .........................................See Sweet Flag
Sedge-root ...........................................See Sweet Flag
Sedge-rush...........................................See Sweet Flag
Sedum
acre ................................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Self-heal .................................................. See Heal-all
Selfheal
Common......................................... See Heal-all
Seneca Snakeroot .................................................. 12
Seneca Snake Root................... See Seneca Snakeroot
Senecio
Golden ...............................See Golden Ragwort
Senega ...................................... See Seneca Snakeroot
Seneka ...................................... See Seneca Snakeroot
Sensitive Pea
Large-flowered ......................See Partridge Pea
Sensitive Plant
Large .....................................See Partridge Pea
Large-flowered ......................See Partridge Pea
Wild .......................................See Partridge Pea
Senvre ........................................... See Black Mustard
Serpent’s Tongue ...................................See Trout Lily
Sessileleaf Bellwort ........ See Sessile-leaved Bellwort
Sessile-leaved Bellwort ......................................... 12
Shadflower ................................. See Trailing Arbutus
Shameface ....................................See Wild Geranium
Sharp Dock......................................... See Sour Grass
Sheep Laurel ......................................................... 12
Sheep-poison .................................. See Sheep Laurel;
—See also Yellow Wood-sorrel
Sheep Poison ................................... See Sheep Laurel
Sheep Sorrel ...................................... See Sour Grass;
—See also Yellow Wood-sorrel
Sheepweed ............................................ See Soapwort
Shell-flower ......................................... See Turtlehead
Shepherd’s Bag .........................See Shepherd’s Purse
Shepherd’s Clock .................................See Pimpernel
Shepherd’s Club ....................................... See Mullein
Shepherd’s Delight ...............................See Pimpernel
Shepherd’s Pouch ......................See Shepherd’s Purse
Shepherd’s Purse ................................................... 12
Shepherd’s Sundial...............................See Pimpernel
Shepherd’s Warning .............................See Pimpernel
Shepherd’s Weatherglass ......................See Pimpernel
Sheriff-pink .....................................See Ox-eye Daisy
Shinleaf ................................................................. 12
Waxflower ...................................... See Shinleaf
Shirt-button Plant ......................See Common Mallow
Shoofly ...............................................See Wild Indigo
Shotbush................................... See Wild Sarsaparilla
Shovel-weed..............................See Shepherd’s Purse
Showy Orchis ........................................................ 12
Shrubby Cinquefoil ............................................... 13
Shrubby Fern...................................... See Sweet Fern
Sickle Wort .............................................. See Heal-all
Side-flowering Skullcap .......... See Mad-dog Skullcap
Side-saddle Flower.......................... See Pitcher-plant
Silene
latifolia ssp. alba ............... See Evening Lychnis
vulgaris............................See Bladder Campion
Silkweed.................................See Common Milkweed
Silver-button........................... See Pearly Everlasting
Silver Cap............................................ See Jewelweed
Silver Cinquefoil ......................See Silvery Cinquefoil
Silver-leaf ............................... See Pearly Everlasting
Silver Leaf........................................... See Jewelweed
Silver-leaf Everlasting............ See Pearly Everlasting
Silvery Cinquefoil ................................................. 13
Silvery Five-finger ...................See Silvery Cinquefoil
Simpler’s Joy.................................... See Blue Vervain
Single Delight ..................... See One-flowered Pyrola
Sium suave .................................... See Water Parsnip
Skullcap................................... See Mad-dog Skullcap
Blue ................................ See Mad-dog Skullcap
Mad-dog ......................... See Mad-dog Skullcap
Side-flowering ................ See Mad-dog Skullcap
Skunkcabbage ..............................See Skunk Cabbage
Skunk Cabbage ..................................................... 13
Skunk Weed .................................See Skunk Cabbage
Slender Ladies’ tresses .......................................... 13
Slender Ladies’ Twisted Stalk ......See Slender Ladies’
Tresses
Sling-fruit ............................................ See Jewelweed
Slink-weed .................................See Cardinal Flower
Small Fleabane ........................See Wavy-leaved Aster
Small Pale Green Orchis .......... See Tubercled Orchid
Small-pox-plant............................... See Pitcher-plant
Small Purple-fringed Orchid ................................. 13
Small Solomon’s Seal ..........See True Solomon’s Seal
Small Spikenard ....................... See Wild Sarsaparilla
Small White Aster ................................................. 13
Smartweed.................................... See Pink Knotweed
Pennsylvania ....................... See Pink Knotweed
Smilax rotundifolia .............................See Greenbrier
Smiling Trillium ........................See Nodding Trillium
Smooth Beggartick............. See Larger Bur Marigold
Smooth Lungwort ..................... See Virginia Cowslip
Smooth Pigweed .....................................See Pigweed
Smooth Snake-head ............................ See Turtlehead
Smooth Solomon’s Seal .......See True Solomon’s Seal
Smooth White Oldfield Aster ...See Small White Aster
Snakeberry .............................See Deadly Nightshade
Snakebite .............................................. See Bloodroot
Snake-flower ................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Snake Grass..................................See For-get-me-not
Snake-head
Smooth ....................................... See Turtlehead
Snakehead ........................................... See Turtlehead
Snake-mouth .................................. See Rose Pogonia
Snake Mouth .................................. See Rose Pogonia
Snakemouth Orchid ....................... See Rose Pogonia
Snake Plantain.......................... See Rattlesnake-weed
Snake-root
Evergreen ........................ See Fringed Polygala
Snakeroot
Black .................................... See Black Cohosh;
—See also Sanicle;
—See also Wild Ginger
Button.......................................See Blazing Star
Large ........................................See Blazing Star
Canada......................................See Wild Ginger
Coltsfoot...................................See Wild Ginger
Heart.........................................See Wild Ginger
Senega ............................. See Seneca Snakeroot
Southern ...................................See Wild Ginger
Snakeweed
Black ........................................See Wild Ginger
Poison................................ See Poison Hemlock
Snap-dragon ........................................ See Jewelweed
Snappers ..................................... See Evening Lychnis
Snapping Hazel ................................. See Witch Hazel
Snapping Hazelnut ............................ See Witch Hazel
Snap-weed ........................................... See Jewelweed
Snap Weed........................................... See Jewelweed
Snow Trillium ....................................................... 13
Soap-gentian ......................................... See Soapwort
Soap-root ............................................... See Soapwort
Soapwort ............................................................... 13
Wild .............................................. See Soapwort
Solanum
dulcamara ......................See Deadly Nightshade
Soldier Caps ....................... See Dutchman’s Breeches
Soldier’s Drinking Cup ................... See Pitcher-plant
Soldier’s Woundwort ................................ See Yarrow
Solidago odora .......................... See Sweet Goldenrod
Soloman’s Seal
Small ......................... See False Solomon’s Seal
Solomon’s Seal
Dwarf ..........................See True Solomon’s Seal
False .......................... See False Solomon’s Seal
Hairy ...........................See True Solomon’s Seal
Small ...........................See True Solomon’s Seal
Smooth ........................See True Solomon’s Seal
Twin Flowered ............See True Solomon’s Seal
Two-leaved ....................See Canada Mayflower
Zigzag ....................... See False Solomon’s Seal
Solomon’s Zigzag .............. See False Solomon’s Seal
Sorrel
Common Sheep ......................... See Sour Grass
Cow ........................................... See Sour Grass
Field .......................................... See Sour Grass
Gentleman’s .............................. See Sour Grass
Horse ......................................... See Sour Grass
Lady’s........................... See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Mountain ................................... See Sour Grass
Poison Sheep ................ See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Red ............................................ See Sour Grass
Redtop ....................................... See Sour Grass
Sheep ........................................ See Sour Grass;
—See also Yellow Wood-sorrel
Toad.......................................... See Sour Grass;
—See also Yellow Wood-sorrel
Upright Yellow Wood .. See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Wood ......................................... See Sour Grass
Sour Dock .......................................... See Sour Grass
Sour-grass.......................................... See Sour Grass;
—See also Yellow Wood-sorrel
Ladies’.......................... See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Sour Grass ............................................................. 13
Sour Weed .......................................... See Sour Grass
Southern Snakeroot ...........................See Wild Ginger
Sowfoot ..................................................See Coltsfoot
Spanish Bayonet................................... See Colic-root
Spanish Needles ...............................See Beggar Ticks
Spatling ....................................See Bladder Campion
Spatter-dock .............................. See Yellow Pond Lily
Spattering Poppy ......................See Bladder Campion
Spearmint .............................................................. 13
Speckled Jewels .................................. See Jewelweed
Speckled John ................ See Common St. John’swort
Speedwell
Common.......................See Common Speedwell
Low ..............................See Common Speedwell
30
Tall .........................................See Culver’s Root
Upland ..........................See Common Speedwell
Spergula
arvense ...................................See Corn Spurrey
Spice-berry ........................................ See Wintergreen
Spicebush .............................................................. 13
Northern ...................................... See Spicebush
Spicy Wintergreen ............................. See Wintergreen
Spiderwort ............................................................. 13
Virginia.......................................See Spiderwort
Spignet ................................................. See Spikenard
Spiked Alder............................ See Sweet Pepperbush
Spikenard .............................................................. 13
American ..................................... See Spikenard
False .......................... See False Solomon’s Seal
Small ............................... See Wild Sarsaparilla
Wild ........................... See False Solomon’s Seal
Spiraea
alba var. latifolia...................See Meadow-sweet
Spiral Neotia ................................ See Ladies’ Tresses
Spiranthes..................................... See Ladies’ Tresses
lacera var. gracilis ... See Slender Ladies’ tresses
Spleenwort Bush ................................ See Sweet Fern
Spoonwood ............................... See Mountain Laurel
Spotted Alder .................................... See Witch Hazel
Spotted Alders ................................... See Witch Hazel
Spotted Conium ......................... See Poison Hemlock
Spotted Coralroot .................................................. 13
Spotted Cow-bane ........................See Water Hemlock
Spotted Cowbane ....................... See Poison Hemlock
Spotted Crane’s-bill .....................See Wild Geranium
Spotted Cranesbill ........................See Wild Geranium
Spotted Geranium ........................See Wild Geranium
Spotted Hemlock........................ See Poison Hemlock
Spotted Parsley........................... See Poison Hemlock
Spotted Piperidge ................... See Striped Pipsissewa
Spotted Pipsissewa ................. See Striped Pipsissewa
Spotted Touch-me-not ......................... See Jewelweed
Spotted Water Hemlock ...............See Water Hemlock
Sprattling Poppy......................... See Evening Lychnis
Spreading Dogbane ............................................... 13
Spring Orchis ................................. See Showy Orchis
Spring Wintergreen ........................... See Wintergreen
Spurge Cypress ............................See Cypress Spurge
Spurry..............................................See Corn Spurrey
Squawberry .................................See Partridge Berry
Squawflower ................................See Purple Trillium
Squaw-mint ........................See American Pennyroyal
Squawroot ..................................... See Black Cohosh;
—See also Blue Cohosh;
—See also Purple Trillium
Squaw Vine .................................See Partridge Berry
Squaw-weed ...............................See Golden Ragwort
Swamp...............................See Golden Ragwort
Squirrel Corn......................................................... 13
Squirrel Cup ....................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Squirrel Shoes ........................... See Pink Ladyslipper
Staff tree ............................. See American Bittersweet
Climbing ...................See American Bittersweet
Staff vine ............................ See American Bittersweet
St. Anthony’s Turnip ...............See Bulbous Buttercup
Star Anemone .......................................See Starflower
Starchwort ............................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Starflower .............................................................. 13
Star-grass.............................................. See Colic-root
Stargrass ............................................... See Colic-root
Star Grass ............................................See Colic-root;
—See also Yellow Star Grass
Yellow .............................See Yellow Star Grass
Star of Bethlehem .......................................See Bluets
Star-root ............................................... See Colic-root
Star Violet ............................................ See Dalibarda
Starwort ...............................................See Devil’s Bit;
—See also New England Aster
Grass-like .........................See Lesser Stitchwort
Yellow ......................................See Elecampane
Starwort Unicorn Root ......................... See Colic-root
St.-Bennet’s-herb ....................... See Poison Hemlock
Steeple-bush .......................................................... 13
Stellaria
graminea...........................See Lesser Stitchwort
Stemless Lady’s Slipper ............ See Pink Ladyslipper
Stick-button ............................................. See Burdock
Sticklewort ............................................See Agrimony
Stick-tight.........................................See Beggar Ticks
Stick-weed........................................See Beggar Ticks
Stickwilly ............................................... See Cleavers
Stinking Balm ....................See American Pennyroyal
Stinking Poke ...............................See Skunk Cabbage
Stink-weed ........................................See Jimsonweed
Stinkweed..........................................See Jimsonweed
Stinkwort ...........................................See Jimsonweed
Stitchwort
Grass-leaved .....................See Lesser Stitchwort
Lesser ...............................See Lesser Stitchwort
St. James’-weed ........................See Shepherd’s Purse
Stone Clover......................... See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Stone-crop
Garden .................................... See Live-for-ever
Stonecrop
Goldmoss ......................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Mossy ............................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Stone Crop ............................... See Mossy Stonecrop;
—See also Rabbit’s-foot Clover
Stone-root.......................................... See Horse Balm
Stork’s-bill....................................See Wild Geranium
Stramonium .......................................See Jimsonweed
Strangle-weed .......................................... See Dodder
Straw Bell...............................See Perfoliate Bellwort
Strawberry
Yellow-flowered ........... See Shrubby Cinquefoil
Striped Alder ..................................... See Witch Hazel
Striped Prince’s Pine ...........................See Pipsissewa
Striped Pipsissewa ................................................ 14
Sugar-plums ....................................... See Red Clover
Summer Anemone........................... See Thimbleweed
Summer Coralroot....................See Spotted Coralroot
Sundew
Roundleaf .................See Round-leaved Sundew
Round leaved ...........See Round-leaved Sundew
Round-leaved ...........See Round-leaved Sundew
Threadleaf ...............See Thread-leaved Sundew
Thread-leaved .........See Thread-leaved Sundew
Sunflower
Brook......................... See Larger Bur Marigold
Wild ..........................................See Elecampane
Swallow-wort ............................... See Butterfly Weed;
—See also Celandine
Four-leaved ............. See Four-leaved Milkweed
Silky ..............................See Common Milkweed
Virginia..........................See Common Milkweed
Swallowwort
Orange .................................. See Butterfly Weed
Swamp Cabbage...........................See Skunk Cabbage
Swamp Candles..................................................... 14
Swamp Mallow ...................See Swamp Rose Mallow
Swamp Pink ........................................See Grass Pink
Swamp Rose.................................... See Pasture Rose
Swamp Rose-mallow ..........See Swamp Rose Mallow
Swamp Rose Mallow ............................................ 14
Swamp Squaw-weed ..................See Golden Ragwort
Swamp Turnip ......................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Swanweed .........................See Purple-stemmed Aster
Sweating Plant .........................................See Boneset
Sweet Balsam ...........................See Sweet Everlasting
Sweet Bush......................................... See Sweet Fern
Sweet Cane..........................................See Sweet Flag
Sweetclover
Yellow .......................... See Sweet White Clover
Sweet Clover ......................... See Sweet White Clover
Sweet Everlasting.................................................. 14
Sweet Fern ............................................................ 14
Sweet Ferry ........................................ See Sweet Fern
Sweetflag .............................................See Sweet Flag
Sweet Flag............................................................. 14
Sweetgale
Canada....................................... See Sweet Fern
Sweet Goldenrod................................................... 14
Sweet Grass.........................................See Sweet Flag
Sweet Life-everlasting .............See Sweet Everlasting
Sweet Myrtle .......................................See Sweet Flag
Sweetpepperbush
Coastal............................ See Sweet Pepperbush
Sweet Pepperbush ................................................. 14
Sweet Pogonia................................ See Rose Pogonia
Sweetroot ............................................See Sweet Flag
Sweet Root ..........................................See Sweet Flag
Sweet Rush..........................................See Sweet Flag
Sweet Scabious ........................... See Daisy Fleabane
Sweet scented Golden rod ......... See Sweet Goldenrod
Sweet-scented Goldenrod ......... See Sweet Goldenrod
Sweetscented Joe Pye Weed........... See Joe-Pye-weed
Sweet-scented Life Everlasting See Sweet Everlasting
Sweet-scented Water Lily ..................................... 14
Sweet Sedge ........................................See Sweet Flag
Sweet Segg ..........................................See Sweet Flag
Sweet Slumber ..................................... See Bloodroot
Sweet White Balsam ................See Sweet Everlasting
Sweet White Clover .............................................. 14
Sweet William
Wild .............................................. See Soapwort
Sweet Wintergreen .................................. See Shinleaf
Symphyotrichum
ericoides ...........See Many-flowered White Aster
novae-angliae ............... See New England Aster
puniceum ..................See Purple-stemmed Aster
racemosum ......................See Small White Aster
undulatum ......................See Wavy-leaved Aster
Symplocarpus foetidus .................See Skunk Cabbage
Tall Anemone .................................. See Thimbleweed
Tall Boneset.................................... See Joe-Pye-weed
Tall Buttercup........................................................ 14
Tall Crowfoot .................................See Tall Buttercup
Tall Lettuce ...................................... See Wild Lettuce
Tall Milkweed .............................. See Poke Milkweed
Tall Speedwell .................................See Culver’s Root
Tall Veronica ...................................See Culver’s Root
Tanacetum vulgare ...................................... See Tansy
Tangle-tail ................................. See Mossy Stonecrop
Tank ................................................ See Wild Parsnip
Tansy ..................................................................... 14
Taraxacum
officinale .....................................See Dandelion
Tare .....................................................See Cow Vetch
Tattered-fringe Orchis ........ See Large Purple-fringed
Orchid
Tea
Blue Mountain ................. See Sweet Goldenrod
Canadian .................................. See Wintergreen
Ground ..................................... See Wintergreen
Mountain .................................. See Wintergreen
New Jersey ..........................See New Jersey Tea
Oswego .................................... See Oswego Tea
Redberry................................... See Wintergreen
Tea-berry ........................................... See Wintergreen
Teaberry ............................................ See Wintergreen
Eastern...................................... See Wintergreen
Tearal........................................................See Boneset
Teasel .......................................................See Boneset
Tephrosia
Virginia.......................................See Goat’s Rue
virginiana ...................................See Goat’s Rue
Tetter-wort ............................................ See Celandine
Tetterwort ............................................. See Bloodroot
Thalictrum thalictroides ................. See Rue Anemone
Thimbleflower ......................................... See Heal-all
Thimbleweed......................................................... 14
Tall ......................................... See Thimbleweed
Thistle
Blue .....................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Thorn-apple .......................................See Jimsonweed
Thorn Apple ......................................See Jimsonweed
Thorough-grow ........................................See Boneset
Thorough-stem .........................................See Boneset
Thoroughwax ...........................................See Boneset
Thorough Wax..........................................See Boneset
Thoroughwort ..........................................See Boneset
Common..........................................See Boneset
Purple .................................... See Joe-Pye-weed
Thorough Wort .........................................See Boneset
Thousand-leaf ........................................... See Yarrow
Thousand-leaf Clover................................ See Yarrow
Thousand Seal ........................................... See Yarrow
Threadleaf Sundew ..........See Thread-leaved Sundew
Thread-leaved Sundew.......................................... 14
Three-leaved Arum ................. See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
31
Three-leaved Ivy ..................................See Poison Ivy
Three-leaved Liverwort ..See Round-leaved Hepatica
Throwwort......................................... See Motherwort
Thyme
Mountain ................See Virginia Mountain Mint
Virginia...................See Virginia Mountain Mint
Tiarella cordifolia .............................See Foam-flower
Tickleweed ..................................See False Hellebore
Tickweed ............................See American Pennyroyal
Time Grass ...........................................See Cow Vetch
Tinegrass ..............................................See Cow Vetch
Toadflax...............................See also Butter-and-eggs
Blue ........................................See Blue Toadflax
Wild ........................................See Blue Toadflax
Toad Flax
Blue ........................................See Blue Toadflax
Wild ........................................See Blue Toadflax
Toad Sorrel ........................................ See Sour Grass;
—See also Yellow Wood-sorrel
Tobacco
British............................................See Coltsfoot
Indian ..................................See Indian Tobacco
Ladies ......................................... See Pussy-toes
Ladies’ Tobacco ............ See Pearly Everlasting
Wild .....................................See Indian Tobacco
Woman’s..................................... See Pussy-toes
Tobacco Wood ................................... See Witch Hazel
Toothwort .............................................................. 14
Cut-leaved .................See Cut-leaved Toothwort
Jagged-leaved ............See Cut-leaved Toothwort
Two-leaved .................................. See Toothwort
Torches ..................................................... See Mullein
Torchwort ................................................. See Mullein
Touch-and-Heal.............. See Common St. John’swort
Touch-me-not ...................................... See Jewelweed
Spotted ....................................... See Jewelweed
Toxicodendron
radicans .......................................See Poison Ivy
vernix ....................................See Poison Sumac
Tradescantia virginiana .......................See Spiderwort
Trailing Arbutus .................................................... 15
Trailing-pea ......................................... See Groundnut
Traveler’s-delight ................................ See Groundnut
Traveller’s Joy...............................See Virgin’s Bower
Tread-softly ...................................... See Horse Nettle
Treasure-glove .......................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Tree Clover ...........................See Sweet White Clover
Tree Lungwort........................... See Virginia Cowslip
Tree Moss .....................................See Cypress Spurge
Trefoil
Golden ....................See Round-leaved Hepatica
Trichostema
dichotomum ............................... See Blue Curls
Trientalis borealis .................................See Starflower
Trifolium
arvense ........................ See Rabbit’s-foot Clover
pratense ..................................... See Red Clover
Trillium ........................................See Purple Trillium
cernuum............................See Nodding Trillium
Drooping ..........................See Nodding Trillium
erectum................................See Purple Trillium
grandiflorum..........................See Snow Trillium
Ill-scented............................See Purple Trillium
Nodding............................See Nodding Trillium
Painted............................... See Painted Trillium
Purple ..................................See Purple Trillium
Red ......................................See Purple Trillium
Smiling .............................See Nodding Trillium
Snow .....................................See Snow Trillium
undulatum ......................... See Painted Trillium
White .....................................See Snow Trillium
Triodanis perfoliata .............See Venus’ Looking-glass
Triosteum perfoliatum........................See Wild Coffee
Trout Lily .............................................................. 15
True Goldenrod ......................... See Sweet Goldenrod
Truelove .......................................See Purple Trillium
True Solomon’s Seal ............................................. 15
True Unicorn Root ............................... See Colic-root
True Veratrum .............................See False Hellebore
Trumpet Milkweed ........................... See Wild Lettuce
Trumpetweed ................................. See Joe-Pye-weed
Trumpet Weed .................................. See Wild Lettuce
Tubercled Orchid .................................................. 15
Tubercled Orchis ...................... See Tubercled Orchid
Tuberous Grasspink ............................See Grass Pink
Tuberroot ....................................... See Butterfly Weed
Turban Lily .................................. See Turk’s-cap Lily
Turkey Corn ................................... See Squirrel Corn
Turkey Pea ..........................................See Goat’s Rue
Turk’s-cap Lily ...................................................... 15
Turk’s Head Lily .......................... See Turk’s-cap Lily
Turmeric ............................................... See Bloodroot
Indian ........................................ See Goldenseal
Turmeric Root .................................... See Goldenseal
Turn Hoof ............................ See Gill-over-the-ground
Turnip
Indian ............................. See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Marsh ............................. See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Meadow.......................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Pepper ............................ See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
St. Anthony’s ..................See Bulbous Buttercup
Swamp............................ See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Wild ................................ See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Turtle Bloom ....................................... See Turtlehead
Turtlehead ............................................................. 15
White .......................................... See Turtlehead
Tussilago
farfara ............................................See Coltsfoot
Twin-berry...................................See Partridge Berry
Twin Flowered Solomon’s Seal .....See True Solomon’s
Seal
Twinleaf ................................................................ 15
Twist Flower ................................ See Ladies’ Tresses
Two-leaved Mitella .............................. See Mitrewort
Two-leaved Smilacina ............See Canada Mayflower
Two-leaved Solomon’s Seal ...See Canada Mayflower
Two-leaved Toothwort ......................... See Toothwort
Two-lips .................................... See Pink Ladyslipper
Typha
latifolia .............................See Common Cat-tail
Umbel.....................................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Umbil-root..............................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Umbrella Leaf .................................... See May Apple;
—See also Twinleaf
Umbrella Plant .................................... See May Apple
Unicornplant ........................................ See Colic-root
Unicorn Root.......................................See Colic-root;
—See also Devil’s Bit
Unicorn’s-horn ....................................See Colic-root;
—See also Devil’s Bit
Upright Loosestrife .....................See Swamp Candles
Upright Yellow Wood Sorrel . See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Uva-ursi................................................ See Bearberry
Uvularia
Pale Perfoliate ....See Pale Perfoliated Uvularia
perfoliata .......................See Perfoliate Bellwort
Sessile-leaved............................................... See
sessilifolia .............. See Sessile-leaved Bellwort
Valerian
American .......................See Yellow Ladyslipper
False ..................................See Golden Ragwort
Various-leaved Aster ...............See Wavy-leaved Aster
Vegetable Antimony .................................See Boneset
Vegetable Calomel .............................. See May Apple
Vein-leaf Hawkweed ................ See Rattlesnake-weed
Velvet Dock.............................................. See Mullein
Velvet Mullein.......................................... See Mullein
Velvet Plant .............................................. See Mullein
Velvets ........................................... See Birdfoot Violet
Venus’ Lady’s Slipper ............... See Pink Ladyslipper
Venus’ Looking-glass ............................................ 15
Clasping .....................See Venus’ Looking-glass
Venus Pride .................................................See Bluets
Venus’ Pride ................................................See Bluets
Venus’s-cup ............................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Venus’s-shoe ..........................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Veratrum......................................See False Hellebore
American ............................See False Hellebore
Green ..................................See False Hellebore
True ....................................See False Hellebore
viride ..................................See False Hellebore
Verbain .............................................See Blue Vervain
Verbascum
thapsus............................................. See Mullein
Verbena
hastata .....................................See Blue Vervain
Swamp..................................... See Blue Vervain
Vermont Snake Root .........................See Wild Ginger
Vernonia
noveboracensis ............. See New York Ironweed
Veronica
officinalis......................See Common Speedwell
Tall .........................................See Culver’s Root
Veronicastrum
virginicum ..............................See Culver’s Root
Vervain
American .................................See Blue Vervain
Vetch
Bird .............................................See Cow Vetch
Blue .............................................See Cow Vetch
Common......................................See Cow Vetch
Tufted ..........................................See Cow Vetch
Vicia
cracca ..........................................See Cow Vetch
Vine
Hive ....................................See Partridge Berry
Partridge .............................See Partridge Berry
Poison..........................................See Poison Ivy
Squaw.................................See Partridge Berry
Universe ...................................... See Bearberry
Viola
labradorica.................................. See Dog Violet
pedata .............................. See Bird’s Foot Violet
pubescens .................... See Yellow Forest Violet
rotundifolia.......See Round-leaved Yellow Violet
sororia ........................ See Common Blue Violet
Violet
Adder’s ....................... See Rattlesnake Plantain
Alpine......................................... See Dog Violet
Bird’s Foot ...................... See Bird’s Foot Violet
Crowfoot .............................. See Birdfoot Violet
Dog............................................. See Dog Violet
Dog’s-tooth ..................................See Trout Lily
Dog’s Tooth ..................................See Trout Lily
Dogtooth ......................................See Trout Lily
Dog Tooth ....................................See Trout Lily
Downy Yellow............. See Yellow Forest Violet
Hooded Blue .............. See Common Blue Violet
Meadow...................... See Common Blue Violet
Purple ......................... See Common Blue Violet
Rattlesnake ...................................See Trout Lily
Running ...................................... See Dog Violet
Sand...................................... See Birdfoot Violet
Wood .................................... See Birdfoot Violet
Yellow Early.....See Round-leaved Yellow Violet
Yellow Roundleaf.......See Round-leaved Yellow
Violet
Yellow Round-leaved.....See Round-leaved Yellow
Violet
Violet Bloom ..........................See Deadly Nightshade
Viper’s Bugloss ..................................................... 15
Common..............................See Viper’s Bugloss
Viper’s Grass ................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Viper’s Herb .................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Viper’s-stem .................................See Viper’s Bugloss
Virginia Bluebells ..................... See Virginia Cowslip
Virginia Cowslip ................................................... 15
Virginia Creeper ....................................See Woodbine
Virginia Dogwood ............... See Flowering Dogwood
Virginia Hoarhound See American Water Horehound
Virginia Mountainmint....See Virginia Mountain Mint
Virginia Mountain Mint ........................................ 15
Virginian Sarsaparilla............... See Wild Sarsaparilla
Virginia Poke........................................ See Pokeweed
Virginia Rhexia ...........................See Meadow Beauty
Virginia Saxifrage ....................... See Early Saxifrage
Virginia Silk ...........................See Common Milkweed
Virginia Spiderwort .............................See Spiderwort
Virginia Thyme ...............See Virginia Mountain Mint
Virgin’s Bower ...................................................... 15
Vomitwort.....................................See Indian Tobacco
Wait-a-bit ............................................See Greenbrier
Wake-robin
Ill-scented............................See Purple Trillium
Purple ..................................See Purple Trillium
Red ......................................See Purple Trillium
32
Wakerobin ............................... See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Wall-moss.................................. See Mossy Stonecrop
Wall-pepper ............................... See Mossy Stonecrop
Wart Flower.......................................... See Celandine
Wartweed ............................................. See Celandine
Wartwort............................................... See Celandine
Water Arum ......................................... See Wild Calla
Water Bugle............. See American Water Horehound
Water Dragon .............................See Marsh Marigold
Water Hemlock ..................................................... 15
Water Horehound .... See American Water Horehound
Water Knotweed.................................................... 15
Waterlily
American White .. See Sweet-scented Water Lily
Water Lily
Large Yellow .................... See Yellow Pond Lily
Sweet-scented ..... See Sweet-scented Water Lily
Sweet Scented ..... See Sweet-scented Water Lily
Sweet-scented White .... See Sweet-scented Water
Lily
Water Mallow......................See Swamp Rose Mallow
Water Nymph ............... See Sweet-scented Water Lily
Waterparsnip
Hemlock ............................... See Water Parsnip
Water Parsnip ........................................................ 15
Water Persicaria ......................... See Water Knotweed
Water Torch ...............................See Common Cat-tail
Wavyleaf Aster ........................See Wavy-leaved Aster
Wavy-leaved Aster ................................................ 15
Wax Cluster ....................................... See Wintergreen
Waxflower Shinleaf ................................. See Shinleaf
Wax-plant
One-flowered.............................See Indian Pipe
Waxwork ............................ See American Bittersweet
Roxbury..................... See American Bittersweet
Weather-glass
Poor-man’s ..................................See Pimpernel
Weatherglass
Shepherd’s ...................................See Pimpernel
Welcome-home-husband-though-ever-so-drunk.........
See Mossy Stonecrop
Welcome-to-our-house .................See Cypress Spurge
Western Pearly Everlasting .... See Pearly Everlasting
Whip-poor-will Flower .............See Nodding Trillium
Whippoorwill’s-boots ..................... See Pitcher-plant
Whippoorwill’s Shoe .............See Yellow Ladyslipper
Whippoorwill’s-shoes ..................... See Pitcher-plant
White Alder ............................. See Sweet Pepperbush
White-apple ......................................... See Groundnut
White Balsam ...........................See Sweet Everlasting
White Baneberry ................................................... 15
White-bottle ............................... See Evening Lychnis
White Cankerweed ...................... See Rattlesnakeroot
White Daisy ....................................See Ox-eye Daisy
White Fringed Orchid ........................................... 16
White Goosefoot .....................................See Pigweed
White Hearts ......................See Dutchman’s Breeches
White-hen................................... See Evening Lychnis
White-man’s-weed ..........................See Ox-eye Daisy
White Plantain..................................... See Pussy-toes
Whiteroot ...................................... See Butterfly Weed
White Rosemary........See Many-flowered White Aster
White Sanicle ............................. See White Snakeroot
White Snakeroot.................................................... 16
White Snowball............................See New Jersey Tea
White Trillium................................See Snow Trillium
White Turtlehead................................. See Turtlehead
White-weed .....................................See Ox-eye Daisy
White Wreath Aster ..................See Small White Aster
Whorled Loosestrife.............................................. 16
Whorled Yellow Loosestrife .................See Whorled
Loosestrife
Whorlywort .....................................See Culver’s Root
Whortleberry
Bear’s .......................................... See Bearberry
Wicky .............................................. See Sheep Laurel
Widow’s Tears .....................................See Spiderwort
Wild Alum Root ...........................See Wild Geranium
Wild Arsenic .......................... See Striped Pipsissewa
Wild Azalea ....................................... See Pink Azalea
Wild Balsam ........................................ See Jewelweed
Wild Balsam-Apple......................See Wild Cucumber
Wild Bean ........................................... See Groundnut
Wild Bull Nettle ............................... See Horse Nettle
Wild Calla ............................................................. 16
Wild Carrot ............................See Queen Anne’s Lace
Wild Coffee ........................................................... 16
Wild Columbine .................................................... 16
Wild Cotton .......................... See Common Milkweed;
—See also Indian Hemp
Wild Cranesbill ............................See Wild Geranium
Wild Cucumber ..................................................... 16
Wild Dodder ............................................. See Dodder
Wild Flax.....................................See Butter-and-eggs
Wild Geranium ...................................................... 16
Wildginger ........................................See Wild Ginger
Wild Ginger........................................................... 16
Wild Ginseng ........................................................ 16
Wild Honeysuckle ............................. See Pink Azalea
Wild Indigo ........................................................... 16
Wild Ipecac ........................................See Wild Coffee
Wild Isaac ................................................See Boneset
Wild Lady’s Slipper ............................ See Jewelweed
Wild Lemon ........................................ See May Apple
Wild Lettuce .......................................................... 16
—See also Rattlesnakeroot
Wild Licorice ...................................... See Spikenard;
—See also Wild Sarsaparilla
Wild Mandrake ................................... See May Apple
Wild Oat .......................... See Sessile-leaved Bellwort
Wild Opium...................................... See Wild Lettuce
Wild Orange Lily ................................. See Wood Lily
Wild Orange-red Lily ........................... See Wood Lily
Wild Parsnip .......................................................... 16
Wild Pea ..............................................See Goat’s Rue
Wild Pepper............................. See Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Wild Pink ............................................... See Arethusa
Wild Red Lily....................................... See Wood Lily
Wild Rose ........................................ See Pasture Rose
Wild Sage .................................................See Boneset
Wild Sarsaparilla ................................................... 16
Wild Sensitive Plant .......................See Partridge Pea
Wild Snapdragon.........................See Butter-and-eggs
Wild Soapwort ...................................... See Soapwort
Wild Spinach ...........................................See Pigweed
Wild Strawberry ..................See Canadian Cinquefoil
Wild Sunflower .................................See Elecampane
Wild Sweet Pea ...................................See Goat’s Rue
Wild Sweet William .............................. See Soapwort
Wild Tiger Lily............................. See Turk’s-cap Lily
Wild Tobacco ...............................See Indian Tobacco
Wild Tube Rose ............................ See Ladies’ Tresses
Wind-flower .................................See Wood Anemone
Wind-root ...................................... See Butterfly Weed
Wink-a-peek .........................................See Pimpernel
Winterbloom ..................................... See Witch Hazel
Winter Clover ..............................See Partridge Berry
Wintercress............................................................ 16
Winter Cress .......................................See Wintercress
Wintergreen ........................................................... 17
American ................See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Aromatic .................................. See Wintergreen
Bitter ..........................................See Pipsissewa
Chickweed...................................See Starflower
Creeping ................................... See Wintergreen
False ..........................................See Pipsissewa;
—See also Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Flowering ........................ See Fringed Polygala
Pear Leaf ................See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Pear-leaved .............See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Round-leaved .........See Round-leaved Shin-leaf
Spicy ........................................ See Wintergreen
Spotted .......................... See Striped Pipsissewa
Spring ....................................... See Wintergreen
Sweet .............................................. See Shinleaf
Winter Green .......................................See Pipsissewa
American Chick-weed ................See Starflower
Winter Pink ................................ See Trailing Arbutus
Witches’ Gowan ...................................See Dandelion
Witches’ Money .............................. See Live-for-ever
Witchhazel
American .................................. See Witch Hazel
Witch Hazel........................................................... 17
Witch’s Moneybags......................... See Live-for-ever
Witch’s-pouch ...........................See Shepherd’s Purse
Wode-whistle ............................. See Poison Hemlock
Wolf Foot ................ See American Water Horehound
Woman’s Tobacco ............................... See Pussy-toes
Wood Anemone ..................................................... 17
—See Rue Anemone
Woodbetony ............ See American Water Horehound
Wood Betony........................................See Lousewort
Woodbine .............................................................. 17
Wood Boneset ..........................................See Boneset
Wood Daffodil........................See Perfoliate Bellwort
Wood Geranium ...........................See Wild Geranium
Wood Lily ............................................................. 17
—See also Purple Trillium
Woods Flax ........................................... See Soapwort
Wood-sorrel
Yellow .......................... See Yellow Wood-sorrel
Wood Sorrel ....................................... See Sour Grass
Woody Nightshade .................See Deadly Nightshade
World’s-wonder..................................... See Soapwort
Wort
Cross ...............................................See Boneset
Sickle.............................................. See Heal-all
Thorough .........................................See Boneset
Wound ............................................ See Heal-all
Wound Weed ............................. See Sweet Goldenrod
Woundwort
Soldier’s ........................................... See Yarrow
Wound Wort ............................................ See Heal-all
Hercules ......................................... See Heal-all
Wretweed ............................................. See Celandine
Wych-hazel ....................................... See Witch Hazel
Yarr ................................................See Corn Spurrey
Yarrow ................................................................... 17
Yellow Adder’s Tongue .........................See Trout Lily
Yellow Balm.........................See Whorled Loosestrife
Yellow Bedstraw ................................................... 17
Yellow Bird’s Nest ...................................See Pinesap
Yellow Bittercress ..............................See Wintercress
Yellow Broom ....................................See Wild Indigo
Yellow Cress ......................................See Wintercress
Yellow Daisy ............................ See Black-eyed Susan
Yelloweye........................................... See Goldenseal
Yellow-flowered Strawberry ... See Shrubby Cinquefoil
Yellow Forest Violet ............................................. 17
Yellow Gowan......................................See Dandelion
Yellow Indian Paint ............................ See Goldenseal
Yellow Indian Shoe ................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Yellow Indigo .....................................See Wild Indigo
Yellow Ladyslipper ............................................... 17
Yellow Marsh Marigold .............See Marsh Marigold
Yellow Moccasin Flower .......See Yellow Ladyslipper
Yellow Noah’s-ark .................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Yellow Ox-eye Daisy ............... See Black-eyed Susan
Yellow Pond-lily ....................... See Yellow Pond Lily
Yellow Pond Lily .................................................. 17
Yellow Puccoon ................................. See Goldenseal
Yellow Rocket ....................................See Wintercress
Golden .......................................See Wintercress
Yellowroot .........................See American Bittersweet;
—See also Goldenseal
Yellow Root ...................................... See Goldthread;
—See also Twinleaf
Yellows...................................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Yellow Snakeleaf ..................................See Trout Lily
Yellow Snowdrop ..................................See Trout Lily
Yellow Spring Bedstraw ............See Yellow Bedstraw
Yellow Star Grass.................................................. 17
Yellow Starwort ................................See Elecampane
Yellow Sweetclover ..............See Sweet White Clover
Yellow Toad-flax .........................See Butter-and-eggs
Yellow Umbil .........................See Yellow Ladyslipper
Yellow Weed ...........................See Bulbous Buttercup
Youth-wort ........................See Round-leaved Sundew
Youthwort..........................See Round-leaved Sundew
Zizia
aurea ..............................See Golden Alexanders
Golden ...........................See Golden Alexanders
33
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