COUNTRY
Soviet Union
LEADER
Joseph/Josef Stalin
Italy
Benito Mussolini
aka, Il Duce
Germany
Adolph/Adolf Hitler
aka, the Fuhrer
Japan
Emperor Hirohito (figure head)
Prime Minister Wakatsuki
United States
Franklin D. Roosevelt
GOVERNMENT/POLICIES
*Totalitarian, communist dictatorship
*Harsh and brutal rule
*Many people who Stalin suspected were opposed to his rule were either executed
or sent to a work camp in Siberia where one would typically die within 6 months
*Fascism – everything for the state, by the state, and nothing against the state
*Totalitarian, fascist dictatorship (with elements of militarism)
*The government supports racism, excessive nationalism, and does not tolerate
opposition to the government.
*High level of censorship
*One political party (Fascists)
*Uses fear of communism to maintain support
*Invades Ethiopia in 1935
*Black shirts – name for Fascists in Italy because of their black uniforms
*Fascism modeled off of Mussolini’s Italy
* Totalitarian, militaristic, fascist dictatorship
*Nazi = fascist political party in Germany
*While in jail, Hitler write his fascist manifesto, Mein Kampf (My Struggle), which is
part autobiography and part political ideology (includes anti-Semitic views)
* Before 1935, Hitler declares himself the supreme rule of Germany (Fuhrer).
*Brown shirts – name for German fascists/Nazis because of their brown uniforms
*Makes Jews a scapegoat for Germany’s problems and eventually carries out a
program where Jews are rounded up and sent to concentration camps*Believed the
Aryan race was the superior race of the world.
*Begins to violate terms of the Treaty of Versailles with acts of aggression.
Militarism begins to take shape in Japan during the 1930s when people lose faith in
the democratic leaders.
Military leaders preached racial superiority of the Japanese race.
Carry out aggression in Asia beginning with the invasion of Manchuria in 1931.
Federal Republic
The general mood of the nation was to remain isolated
Executed a policy of neutrality with the passing of the Neutrality Acts in 1935
Adopted the Good Neighbor Policy which focused on U.S. relations with Latin
America