SOCIAL SCIENCE
WORKBOOK
POPULATION GROWTH, STRUCTURE & MOVEMENT
KEY CONCEPTS
LEDC: Less economically developed country (third world, developing countries).
MEDC: More economically developed country (first world, developed countries).
Population indicators: These are different measurements which give
information about a country’s population.
Population pyramid: This is a graph showing a country's population according to
age groups and gender (male or female).
Migration: The movement of people, so that they change their place of residence.
Immigration: When people enter a new country and settle there - they come in.
Emigration: When people leave a country to live in another country - they exit.
Migrant worker: A person who migrates to another area to find work.
He usually sends money home to his family.
Refugee: A migrant who is forced to move to another country.
Xenophobia: A fear and hatred of foreign people who come into our country.
Urbanisation: The increase of the percentage of people living in urban areas.
Green Revolution: The increased yield of already cultivated land, by introducing fertilizers,
more irrigation and special seeds to cope with drought (hybrid seeds).
GR 7
• www.dsd.gov.za
• www.population.gov.za
GR 10
CHIEF DIRECTORATE POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT
www.population.co.za
Private Bag X901, Pretoria, 0001, SOUTH AFRICA
COPYRIGHT© 2014, Department of Social Development, Pretoria, South Africa
For further information:
Chief Directorate Population and Development
Department of Social Development
Private Bag X901, Pretoria, 0001
SOUTH AFRICA
www.population.co.za
Tel: 012 312 7769/ 7410
Fax: 012 312 7710/ 312 7932
Email: [email protected], [email protected],[email protected]
This publication is intended to support learning about population and development in the school curriculum and may be
copied/downloaded and distributed as required. Permission should be obtained from the copyright holder for any
changes to the format or content of this publication. Distribution for remuneration is not permitted.
COPYRIGHT© 2014, Department of Social Development, Pretoria, South Africa
1
Department of Social Development
Population Support material
SOCIAL SCIENCE
population growth, structure and movement
GR 7
Activity 1
The Population Bomb Game - A Role Play
The world is facing an international crisis in 2014.
There is simply not enough food to feed everyone.
You have been appointed by the president of South Africa to serve
on an emergency committee for the
Department of Social Development (DSD) that will set priorities
for our country in the next decade.
You must decide what will be the most useful priority in addressing this crisis in South Africa.
Phase 1: Individual task
Prepare individually for the meeting of the DSD by examining and ranking a series of priorities.
Rank no. 1 the priority you think is the most important, no. 2 the next most important, and so on.
Do this by filling in the form below.
Phase 2: Group work
Get into groups of 6 or 7 and collectively establish joint priorities. Do this by consensus and
discussion, not by voting. Elect one person as a scribe to fill in another rank sheet.
Phase 3: Class discussion and evaluation
Meet together as a class for discussion at the end of the game and answer these questions:
1. Did any of the committees succeed in establishing joint priorities?
2. Were all members satisfied?
3. List what frustrations were experienced.
4. Name the issues that remain unresolved.
5. Which received higher priority - practical moves (e.g. M and N) or high ideals (e.g. G and H)?
population growth, structure and movement
Department of Social Development
2
Population Support material
SOCIAL SCIENCE
population growth, structure and movement
THE PRIORITIES
A
Substantial cash grants for people who have no children.
B
Opportunity to breathe clean air and drink fresh water.
C
Stringent (strict) controls on pesticides to ensure safety.
D
Voluntary family planning with a suggested limit of two children.
E
National parks providing facilities for camping, fishing and hiking.
F
Laws to protect the principle that all are entitled to own a small house
with provision of basic needs - water and electricity.
G
Enough food in South Africa so that no one is hungry in the country.
H
Enough food in the world so that no one is hungry.
I
Requires sterilization of all males after two children.
J
Sending all non-South Africans back to their country of origin.
K
Laws to safeguard individual rights to have as many children as you want.
L
Laws that a man may only have one wife.
M
Densification of cities and building more multiple story buildings.
N
Free contraceptives regularly issued to all females of child-bearing age.
O
Laws to safeguard the principle that all have the right to live wherever
they wish.
PLACES
WHERE growth,
PEOPLE LIVE,
WHY THEY
LIVE
THERE & SURVIVAL
population
structure
and
movement
Department of Social Development
GR 7
RANK WITH
A NUMBER
3
Population Support material
Activity 2
Atlas work
SOCIAL SCIENCE
population growth, structure and movement
population growth, structure and movement
PLACES WHERE PEOPLE LIVE, WHY THEY LIVE THERE & SURVIVAL
Department of Social Development
GR 7
GR 10
4
Population Support material
Activity 2
Atlas work
SOCIAL SCIENCE
population growth, structure and movement
population growth, structure and movement
PLACES WHERE PEOPLE LIVE, WHY THEY LIVE THERE & SURVIVAL
Department of Social Development
GR 7
GR 10
4
Population Support material
SOCIAL SCIENCE
population growth, structure and movement
GR 7
GR 10
1.1 Colour in the areas north of the Brandt line in yellow.
2
1.2 Colour in the areas south of the Brandt line in green.
2
1.3 Label the countries A to H on the map by using an atlas.
8
1.4 Underline the countries A to H that are LEDC’s on the map.
4
1.5 Complete the table below by calculating the natural increase.
8
A South Africa
B Malawi
C Nigeria
D Brazil
E America
F France
G India
H New Zealand
BIRTH RATE
Death rate
Natural increase
(Growth Rate)
17,36
Country A
19,32
(Ranked No. 1)
Country D
15,20
6,51
Country F
12,70
8,96
Country G
20,60
7,39
[Source: CIA World fact Book 2013]
The next question is for Grade 10 only or grade 7s who want a challenge!
1.6 .a Discuss if you can use the ‘natural increase’ of a country to determine if it is a MEDC
or a LEDC.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
.b
List TWO other population indicators that can be used to determine
if a country is a MEDC or a LEDC.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2
30
PLACES
WHERE growth,
PEOPLE LIVE,
WHY THEY
LIVE
THERE & SURVIVAL
population
structure
and
movement
Department of Social Development
5
Population Support material
SOCIAL SCIENCE
population growth, structure and movement
GR 7
GR 10
Activity 3
Population pyramids
1. State which pyramid is that of a LEDC ________________________________________________________
1
2. Give a reason why you chose this pyramid.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________2
3.Complete the table below and describe the main features of the population structure
of country A and country B.
COUNTRY A
COUNTRY B
Birth rate
Death rate
Natural increase
6
PLACES
WHERE growth,
PEOPLE LIVE,
WHY THEY
LIVE
THERE & SURVIVAL
population
structure
and
movement
Department of Social Development
6
Population Support material
SOCIAL SCIENCE
population growth, structure and movement
GR 7
GR 10
The next question is for Grade 10 only or grade 7s who want a challenge!
Activity 3
4.Predict what problems country A and B will face in the next 20 years
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________6
15
PLACES
WHERE growth,
PEOPLE LIVE,
WHY THEY
LIVE
THERE & SURVIVAL
population
structure
and
movement
Department of Social Development
7
Population Support material
SOCIAL SCIENCE
population growth, structure and movement
GR 10
Suitcase Stories – REFUGEES
(Adapted from a portfolio task designed by Sally James, with permission).
“We made these suitcases for some of the people out there.
There are rich people out there who live large. They don’t know how poor
people, like refugees, live. They don’t know. They got to know.”
“This suitcase is a good memory. I want to keep it for my children so they will
know what I have done and where I have been with this suitcase, my life.”
The following extracts come from the book “The Suitcase Stories”, Clacherty
and Welvering, 2006, page 15
Tigistu is originally from Ethiopia. This is part of her story ….
“In Tanzania I was arrested because I did not have a passport, I was handcuffed. But all the way there I
was thinking, South Africa is a very nice place. Everyone I was walking with thought it would be nice in
South Africa. We thought we would be comfortable there. We realised it is not like we think. Here there
are people with guns in the streets, and they hijack you. When I came I left my sister with my mother.
My sister is six years old. Then I heard that my mother had died, and so now my sister is alone.
She is my little flower and I need to look after her now. My father left the country before me, and we
never knew where he was. I heard he might be in Namibia. So I am going to move again to there to find
him. So when am I going to stop travelling through borders? Every year, every day I am travelling.”
Activity 4
Creating your own suitcase story…
You are a young refugee from Africa and you arrive in South Africa, hoping for a better chance at life.
You are 14 years of age. Create a suitcase in which you capture your life story. Use a box to represent
your suitcase. Your teacher may wish for you to present your suitcase and story to the class.
Your suitcase must include the following information/ items:
1. A map of the country from which you originate.
2. A route and description of your journey.
3. A list of challenges that you faced as a refugee when you arrived in South Africa.
4. Place FIVE meaningful items that represent you into your suitcase.
Write a short list as to why you selected each item.
5. Decorate your suitcase (box).
Refer to the rubric that your teacher will give you to see how marks will be allocated.
PLACES
WHERE growth,
PEOPLE LIVE,
WHY THEY
LIVE
THERE & SURVIVAL
population
structure
and
movement
Department of Social Development
40
8
Population Support material
Department of Social Development
Private Bag x901, Pretoria 0001
SOUTH AFRICA
www.population.gov.za
Tel: 012 312 7769/7410
Fax: 0123127932
Department of Social Development
Population Support material