US006241686B1 (12) United States Patent Balkin et al. (54) SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PREDICTING HUMAN COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE USING DATA FROM AN ACTIGRAPH (75) Inventors: Thomas J. Balkin, Ellicott City; Gregory L. Belenky, Kensington; Stanley W. Hall, Silver Spring; Gary H. Kamimori, Laurel; Daniel P. Redmond, Silver Spring; Helen C. Sing, Takoma Park; Maria L. Thomas, Columbia, all of MD (US); David R. Thorne, Washington, DC (US); Nancy Jo Wesensten, Silver Spring, MD (US) (73) Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army, Washington, DC (US) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. Jun. 5, 2001 4/1994 CZeisler et al. . 9/1994 Fukuoka . 7/1995 Moore-Ede et al. . (List continued on neXt page.) OTHER PUBLICATIONS Theodore R. Colburn et al., “An Ambulatory Activity Moni tor With Solid State Memory,” paper presented at the 13th Annual Rocky Mountain Bioengineering Symposium and 13th International ISA Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation Symposium (Instrument Society of America), May 3—5, 1976, p. 117—122. D.F. Kripke et al., “Wrist Actigraphic Measures of Sleep and Rhythms,” Electroenephalography and Clinical Neurophysi ology, 1978, vol. 44, pp. 674—676. Daniel P. Redmond et al., “Observations on the Design and Speci?cation of a Wrist—Worn Human Activity Monitoring System,” Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Com puters, 1985, vol. 17, Issue 6, pp. 659—669. G. Belenky et al., “Sustaining Performance During Continu ous Operations: The US. Army’s Sleep Management Sys pp. 1—5. (List continued on neXt page.) Related US. Application Data (51) (52) (58) 5,304,212 5,348,370 5,433,223 US 6,241,686 B1 tem,” Proceedings of the Army Science Conference, 1996, (21) Appl. No.: 09/389,351 Sep. 3, 1999 (22) Filed: (60) (10) Patent N0.: (45) Date of Patent: Provisional application No. 60/106,344, ?led on Oct. 30, Primary Examiner—Robert L. Nasser (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—EliZabeth ArWine; Charles 1998, and provisional application No. 60/122,541, ?led on Mar. 2, 1999. H. Harris Int. Cl.7 ...................................................... .. A61B 5/00 (57) US. Cl. ......................... .. 600/544; 600/545; 600/300 Field of Search ................................... .. 600/544, 545, A system and a method for providing a determination of 600/300; 186/857, 858 References Cited (56) U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS ABSTRACT predicted cognitive performance of an individual based the time of day and on factors including sleep history based on activity data from an actigraph. The system and the method provide a numerical representation of the predicted cogni tive performance. Both may be used to optimize the Work schedule of the actigraph Wearer to maximize the cognitive 4,893,291 5,006,985 5,197,489 5,259,390 1/1990 Bick et al. . 4/1991 Ehret et al. . capacity during Working hours. 3/1993 Colan. 11/1993 Maclean. 53 Claims, 22 Drawing Sheets Time Of Day Function m(t) or M,‘: F+A1* cos(2Pi(t—V1)/P1)+A2* cos(2Pi(t-V2)/P2) 87 Cognitive / S10 Predicted Performance Capacity Cognitive Performance Cn...Ct Et= Ct* Mt US 6,241,686 B1 Page 2 US. PATENT DOCUMENTS 5,566,067 10/1996 Hobson et al. . 5,568,127 5,570,698 10/1996 Bang . 11/1996 Liang et al. . 5,573,013 5,585,785 5,595,488 5,647,633 11/1996 12/1996 1/1997 7/1997 5,682,144 10/1997 Mannik. 5,682,882 * 11/1997 Conlan . Gwin et al. . GoZlan et al. . Fukuoka . Liebeman ........................... .. 600/544 5,689,241 11/1997 Clarke, Sr et al. . 5,691,693 11/1997 Kithil . 5,720,294 * 2/1998 5,762,072 6/1998 Conlan et al. . Skinner .............................. .. 600/544 5,911,581 * 6/1999 Reynolds et al. .................. .. 434/236 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Thorne et al., “Plumbing Human Performance Limits Dur ing 72 Hours of High Task Load,” Proceedings of the 24”1 DRG Seminar on the Human as a Limiting Element in Military Systems, Defense and Civil Institute of Environ mental Medicine, pp. 17—40 (1983). Newhouse et al., “The Effects of d—Amphetamine on Arousal Cognition, and Mood After Prolonged Total Sleep Deprivation,” Neuropsychopharmacology, 1989, vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 153—164. Dinges et al., “Cumulative Sleepiness, Mood Disturbance, and Psychomotor Vigilance Performance Decrements Dur ing a Week of Sleep Restricted to 4—5 Hours per Night,” Sleep, 1997, vol. 20, No. 4, pp.267—277. Hoddes et al., “Quanti?cation of Sleepiness: A New Approach,” Pyschophysiology, Jul. 1973, vol. 10, No. 4, pp.431—436. Eus J. W. Van Someren, “Actigraphic Monitoring of Move ment and Rest—Activity Rhythms in Aging, AlZheimer’s Johns et al., “Daytime Sleepiness, Snoring and Obstructive Disease, and Parkinson’s Disease,” IEEE Transactions on vol. 103, No. 1, pp. 30—36. Rehabilitation Engineering, Dec. 1997, vol. 5, No. 4, pp. Akerstedt et al., “Subjective and Objective Sleepiness in the Active Individual,” International Journal of Neuroscience, 1990, vol. 52, pp. 29—37. Penetar et al., “Amphetamine Effects on Recovery Sleep 394—398. Timothy H. Monk et al., “A Parallelism between Human Body Temperature and Performance Independent of the Endogenous Circadian Pacemaker,” Journal of Biological Sleep Apnea: Epworth Sleepiness Scale,” Chest, Jan. 1993, Following Total Sleep Deprivation,” Human Psychophar Rhythms, Apr. 1998, vol. 13, No.2, pp.113—122. macology, 1991, vol. 6, pp. 319—323. Yuhui Shi et al., “Using Arti?cial Neural Network for Fletcher et al., “A Predictive Model of Work—related Fatigue Based on Hours of Work,” Journal of Occupational Health Sleep/Wake Discrimination from Wrist Activity: Prelimi nary Results,” Proceedings of the 20* Annual Internatonal Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biol ogy Society, 1998, vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 1113—1115. M.R. Rosekind et al., “Alertness Management in Long—Haul Flight Operations,” Proceedings of the 39”1 Annual Corpo rate Aviation Safety Seminar, 1994, pp. 167—178 (printed from the NASA website). Advertiser ?yer for “The Actiwatch—Score,” Cambridge and Safety, 1997, vol. 13, pp.471—485. Murray Johns, “Rethinking the Assessment of Sleepiness,” Sleep Medicine Review, 1998, vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 3—15. Mitler et al., “Methods of Testing Sleepiness,” Behavioral Medicine, 1996, vol. 21, pp. 171—183. Thomas et al., “Regional Cerebral Metabolic Effects of Prolonged Sleep Deprivation,” NeuroImage, 1998, vol. 7, Neurotechnology. No.4, p. S130. Cole, et al., “Automatic Sleep/Wake Identi?cation from Advertiser ?yer for “The Actiwatch Software,” Cambridge Wrist Activity,” Sleep, 1992 vol. 15, No. 5, pp.461—469. Neurotechnology. Advertiser ?yer for “The Actiwatch and Actiwatch Plus,” Cambridge Neurotecnology. Cambridge Neurotechnology, printouts from company web site at Newhouse et al., “Stimulant Drug Effects on Performance and Behavior After Prolonged Sleep Deprivation: A Com parison of Amphetamine, Nicotine, and Deprenyl,” Military Psychology, 1992, vol. 4, pp. 207—233. HTTP://WWW.CAMNTECH.CO.UK/ MAIN.HTML, Sep. 18, 1998. * cited by examiner U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 US 6,241,686 B1 Sheet 4 0f 22 FIG. 4(0) S1 set 1, C0, and tLs + Input SleepNVake Data Dsw S2 U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 6 6f 22 8605 w>zEmo cmto US 6,241,686 B1 w Mgm 50 cozunm _mE2xm u mtw cozua mzc o ucmota 026360 _2 U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 7 0f 22 US 6,241,686 B1 GE@ on on am?w la/mw ouw U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 8 0f 22 US 6,241,686 B1 FIG. 7(a) \ set t, CO, and tLs Input SleepNVake Data Dsw 4b Dsw, = DswM U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 9 0f 22 US 6,241,686 B1 0 2m .w9.53 0 mm>+ 7 \am.w/ £6 6 E .2 .J. so 8;, "2 2.6 +a. .o 2E E 2o u1n|1- 4\ B N6Sm omm 422.w..o$59 n9568.~<| Em \ o: how + mm> ll». E55.1:385n.6+"568 U.S. Patent %m m mI m0_ICZ:E|L-TF_I M wow QMm m..895wx>> m.| éM/I 0QH. +8 uJnLundQ % eoueuuopad eAmu?og m,0oc9n0doe0m,v28m>m0N_.b8 U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 11 0f 22 US 6,241,686 B1 >60 6 ;_:.— mGE 0906 >8 @N>60 38 260 I I I I I 0N? cow I I I I I I I I I I I I I cm wnwHdO % eoueuwoyed aAmu?og) 0 60 U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 12 0f 22 US 6,241,686 B1 0 :0 IH T ‘ IO IG. F IT H TI ' l a 8 1- ‘ (D (0 <1‘ wnwndo % N aaueuuoped eAmu?og 4Day 3 0 :0 Day2 0 :0 Day1 U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 13 0f 22 US 6,241,686 B1 IT1 H l|F FIG.// 0 :0 4Day 3 0 :0 Day2 0 :0 I O N I I I I o O I I lj o 00 I I l I o (D F1 I I I O 'Q' I I O N ‘. wnwndo % esueuuoped GAlllU?OQ O—I THI 0:0 Day1 U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 14 0f 22 US 6,241,686 B1 FIG./2 O N CO C oooco * P O q‘ wnwndo % O N esueuuoped aAmu?og) ITUFHP]‘ O 0 :0 Day 4321 0 :0 U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 16 0f 22 US 6,241,686 B1 I II I I I I l I l I II I I I I 0 :0 4Day 3 FIG.14 0 :0 2Day 1 I I II I II I I VII I ITI IIII I I1 I I I I l I I 8 I II|I|I|III|WII|I O (D O (D O <l' O N ‘_ wnwHdO % GOUBLUJOJJGCI eAmu?og 0 0 :0 U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 17 0f 22 US 6,241,686 B1 GIQ 58Q83859608¢ :5QI28i8.£8260 Eg .o? .2: .45 .3 umwndo 0/0 aouewJopad aAmu?og o v U.S. Patent Jun. 5, 2001 Sheet 18 0f 22 US 6,241,686 B1 3 Day 7 Manqd_tory‘ offdays HlI[U? TlHIm H‘Il 'II'IrIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIII-IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII / FIG.16 23465 Day / END Max60hours orne-adcuhtyed 0 :20 STAR l i?l q O O O <1‘ . I'I'j O N wnwndo % aoueLuJopad aAmu?og 0 01 Day
© Copyright 2026 Paperzz