PICARRO L2140-i
δ18O/δ17O/δD/17O-excess
High-Precision Isotopic Water Analyzer
High-precision triple oxygen isotope research in water is finally
simple and affordable.
•
Streamlined, simple and simultaneous measurement of δ18O, δ17O, δD and
17O-excess
in liquids and vapor at the touch of a button.
•
Average to < 15 per meg precision on 17O-excess for 1 hour vapor measurements.
•
Repeat measurements demonstrate 15 per meg precision on 17O-excess for liquids.
High precision measurements of δ18O and δD in water are critical for demanding applications such as paleoclimatology and
oceanography, and scientists have learned a significant amount by measuring water isotopes in liquids, vapor and solids.
But, by only measuring two isotopes of oxygen an additional tracer, 17O-excess, is overlooked. 17O-excess can be used to
enhance our understanding of present day climate, the interactions between the hydrosphere and biosphere, and it can be
used to reconstruct climates of the past. The Picarro L2140-i enables simultaneous measurements of δD, δ18O and δ17O,
and determines 17O-excess to sub 15 per meg (< 0.015 ‰) precision.
For the majority of applications, including paleoclimate, (eco)hydrology and atmospheric science, the ability to measure δ17O
is not sufficient. Instead, we must quantify very small deviations (or “17O-excess”) in the amount of 17O in a sample, as
compared to the expectation for that sample. In the natural world, these deviations, span a range of less than 0.1 ‰.
Figure 1 shows an Allan variance plot of water vapor
measurements collected at 23,000 ppm. Averaged over
one hour, the L2140-i delivers a precision of better than 15
per meg in 17O-excess. For liquid waters introduced to the
L2140-i by the Picarro High-Precision Vaporizer (A0211),
precision is also better than 15 per meg.
Frequent
calibration by waters with known isotopic compositions,
should improve precision to better than 10 per meg.
Allen 1- Standard Deviation (‰)
Until now, high precision measurements of all three isotopes of oxygen (16O, 18O and 17O) has been limited to highly
specialized labs with complex sample preparation systems that convert H2O to O2 for analysis by isotope ratio mass
spectrometry (IRMS). The Picarro L2140-i now delivers precisions of 15 per meg or better on 17O-excess at the touch of
button. Introduce water directly into the analyzer – either
17
O-Excess Vapor Performance
directly as vapor or using a vaporization process that
100
converts liquid water to vapor. This streamlined, simple
17
O-Excess
and simultaneous measurement of δD, δ18O, δ17O and
-1/2
Line
17O-excess delivers a tool for increasing the accessibility
of triple oxygen isotope research, and enables scientists
10-1
to expand 17O-excess data sets and probe the natural
precision remains
world through targeted experiments and field campaigns.
below 10 per meg
for long periods of time
10-2
better than
10per meg
precision after
1000 seconds
10-3
100
101
102
103
Averaging Time (seconds)
104
105
Acknowledgement: Picarro’s ability to deliver a high-performance isotopic water analyzer for 17O-excess measurements has arisen
from collaborations with Prof. Eric Steig and IsoLab members (Uni. of Washington) and Dr. Vasileios Gkinis (Uni. of Copenhagen).
© 2013 PICARRO, INC. · 3105 Patrick Henry Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 · T 408.962.3900 · E [email protected] · W www.picarro.com
German representatives: UGT GmbH . www.ugt-online.de . [email protected]
Performance Specifications*
Vapor Specifications
Measurement Range
1,000 to 50,000 ppm
Guaranteed Precision (1σ) at
12,500 ppm (‘Normal’ mode)
0.12 / 0.04 ‰ for δ18O at 10 / 100 sec
0.3 / 0.1 ‰ for δD at 10 / 100 sec
Guaranteed Precision (1σ) at
12,500 ppm (‘17O-excess’ mode)
0.04 ‰ for δ18O at 300 sec
0.04 ‰ for δ17O at 300 sec
0.1 ‰ for δD at 300 sec
0.015 ‰ for 17O-excess at 3,600 sec
Measurement Rate
> 1Hz
*specifications are tested for each
unit and based on specific
accessories. Please contact
Picarro to learn more about the
rigorous testing process and
application specific accessories.
Liquids Specifications
Guaranteed Precision (1σ)
0.025 / 0.025 / 0.1 / 0.015 ‰ for δ18O, δ17O, δD and 17O-excess
Maximum 24-hour Drift (vapor & liquid)
0.2 / 0.2 / 0.8 / 0.2 ‰ for δ18O, δ17O, δD and 17O-excess
Throughput
Up to 160 injections per day
Memory (within X % of final value after 4 injections)
99 / 99 / 98 / 99 % for δ18O, δ17O, δD and 17O-excess
Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy Analyzer Specifications
Ambient Temperature Range
-10 to 45°C (vapor sample); 10 to 35 °C (liquid sample & system operation); -10 to
50 °C (storage)
Sample Pressure
300 to 1000 Torr (40 to 133 kPa)
Sample Flow Rate
~ 40 sccm at 760 Torr, no filtration required
Installation
Benchtop or 19” rack mount chassis
Analyzer Dimensions
Analyzer: 17” w x 7.5” h x 17” d (43.2 cm x 19.1 cm x 43.2 cm)
Analyzer Weight
Analyzer: 45 lbs (20.4 kg)
Power
90-240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, < 200 W steady state
Measurement Cell Temp. Control
± 0.005 °C
Measurement Cell Pressure Control
± 0.0002 atm
Accessories
Pump (external), keyboard, mouse, LCD monitor (optional)
Data Outputs
RS-232, Ethernet, USB, analog (optional), 0-10 V
Applications: Picarro’s L2140-i provides a platform for advanced research into many aspects of the water cycle: water vapor, liquid water, or
matrix-bound water from solids. This field deployable analyzer has a full suite of accessories for preparation of the different sample forms to
match your evolving research needs. And, like every Picarro analyzer it is tested against military shock and vibration standards to withstand the
rigors of transport to field study sites.
For Liquids: Samples from vials are automatically injected into a vaporizing unit held at high temperature and the resulting vapor sent to the
analyzer. Polluted water and extracts from certain plants contain interfering organic compounds. The patent pending Micro-Pyrolysis Module
breaks these down for maximum accuracy. Accessories: High-Precision Vaporizer (A0211), Autosampler (A0325).
For Vapor: Rugged design, temperature and pressure control, and manageable weight differentiate CRDS based analyzers from any other
technology for field studies. Automated delivery of multiple standards and vapor source multiplexing can be done from one interface to simplify
vapor studies.
© 2013 PICARRO, INC. · 3105 Patrick Henry Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 · T 408.962.3900 · E [email protected] · W www.picarro.com
German representatives: UGT GmbH . www.ugt-online.de . [email protected]