Physics with Exotic Nuclei and Exotic Atoms
at Relativistic Energies
Hans Geissel
Euroschool Valencia, September 2003
”Introduction √
”Momentum Measurements, Ion Optics, √
Spectrometers
”Atomic Interaction of Heavy Ions √
”Exotic Atoms √
”Production and Separation of Exotic Nuclei √
”Halo and Skin Nuclei
11Li
: Continuum HFB g.s. Densities
g.s. Densities :
g.s. Densities × r2 :
H. Lenske
Discovery of the Neutron Halo in Light
Dripline Nuclei
Interaction Radii extracted from
Charge-changing cross sections
Interaction cross section measurements
SATURNE@Saclay
B. Blank et al.,
Z.Phys. A 343
(1992) 375
Quadrupole moments
Q(11Li) ≈ Q(9Li)
Bevalac@LBL, I. Tanihata et al.,
PRL 55 (1985) 2676, PLB 206 (1988) 592
ISOLDE@CERN,
E. Arnold et al., Phys.
Lett. B 281 (1992) 16
⇒ Large neutron tail (Halo)
Precise Momentum Measurements reveal
Nuclear Structure
1000 MeV/u
12C
12C
+ Be Æ 8B
8B
Target
1000 MeV/u
12C
8B
+ C Æ 7Be
7Be
W. Schwab et al., Z. Phys. A350 (1995) 283
Discovery of the Proton Halo in 8B
halo
system
core
target
nucleus
halo nucleon
top
S
o
gP
in
rofw
e
elatiR
vistcH
eavyI
s
on
B
F
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w
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-d
k
ria
p
x
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fh
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lrs
ta
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vlts
B
ic
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tio
a
o
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S
.H
A
d
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fth
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a
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m
p
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v
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i
.L
J
y
tb
W. Schwab et al.,
Z.Phys. A350 (1995) 283
; H. Lenske,
Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 46 (2001)
Discovery of the Proton Halo in 8B
with FRS
Experiment GSI — Theory Uni. Giessen, Z. Phys. A350 (1995) 283
Experiment and Models
Cluster Model
(Goetheborg)
Mean-Field & RPA
(Giessen)
top
S
o
gP
in
rofw
e
elatiR
vistcH
eavyI
s
on
B
F
n
w
o
-d
k
ria
p
x
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S
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lrs
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vlts
B
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a
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p
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8B(2+,g.s.):
a confirmed
Proton-Halo
Nucleus
7Be(3/2-,0.0
7Be(3/2-,0.0
) p3/2: 69%
7Be(3/2-,0.0 ) p1/2: 10%
7Be(1/2-,0.420) p3/2: 8%
) p3/2: 71%
) p1/2: 13%
7Be(3/2-,0.0 ) f 7/2: 11%
7Be(1/2-,0.420) p3/2: 15%
7Be(3/2-,0.0
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
12C
(1. 10 8 p/spill)
J. Fernandez, Student Presentation 3
D. Cortina-Gil et al., Phys. Lett. B259 (2002) 36
Halo Nuclei at the Driplines
Halo Nuclei at the Dripline
8B
B. Jonson, I. Tanihata
Experimental Setup: LAND, ALADIN
Beam cocktail
(all unstable !)
20O
40Ar
Reaction
products
after target
primary beam
0m
2
~
T. Aumann, H. Simon
beam