Go Math Vocabulary
Chapter 2
bar graph- a graph that uses bars to show data.
Chapter 1
Associative Property of Addition- the property that states
that when the grouping of addends is changed, the sum is the
same. (8 +4) + 7 = 8 + (4 + 7)
frequency table- a table that uses
numbers to record data.
Commutative Property of Addition- the property that states
that you can add two or more numbers in any order and get
the same sum.
6+5=5+6
horizontal bar graph- a bar graph in which
the bars are read from left to right.
compatible numbers- numbers that are easy to compute
mentally. 30 + 70 = 100 or 4+6 = 10
key- the part of a map or graph that
explains the symbols.
estimate- a number close to an exact amount. 66 is close to
70, 432 is close to 400, so the estimate of 66 + 432 is 70 + 400
= 470
Identity Property of Addition- the property that states that
the sum of any number and zero is that number. 7 + 0 = 7
pattern- a repeating or growing sequence that follows a rule.
5, 10, 15, …. rule +5
round- to replace a number with another number that tells
about how many or about how much. 17 rounded to the
nearest 10 is 20
line plot- a graph that uses marks to
record each piece of data above a number
line.
picture graph- a graph that uses pictures
to show and compare information.
scale- the numbers placed at fixed distances on a graph to
help label the graph.
vertical bar graph- a bar graph in
which the bars are read from the
bottom to the top.
←key
Chapter 3
array- a set of objects arranged in rows and columns.
Commutative Property of Multiplicationthe property that states that you can
multiply two factors in any order and get
the same product.
Chapter 4
Associative Property of
Multiplication- the property
that states that when the
grouping of factors is changed,
remains the same.
the product
Distributive Property of Multiplication- the property that
states that multiplying a sum by a number is the same as
multiplying each addend by the number and then adding the
products.
equal groups- groups that have the same number of objects.
For example, 5 x 6 = 30. There are 5 equal groups of 6 in 30.
factor- a number that is multiplied by
another number to find a product.
Identity Property of Multiplication- the property that states
that the product of any number and 1 is that number. 3 x 1 = 3
multiply- when you combine equal groups, you can multiply to
find how many in all; the opposite operation of division.
product- the answer in a multiplication problem.
Zero Property of Multiplication- the property that states that
the product of zero and any number is zero. 7 x 0 = 0
multiple- the product of two counting numbers is called a
multiple of each of those numbers.
Multiples of 3- 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 21, 24 ….
Multiples of 4- 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 …
Chapter 5
equation- a number sentence that uses the equal sign to show
that two amounts are equal. 4 x 7 = 28
place value- the value of each digit in a number, based on the
location of the digit.
Chapter 6
divide- to separate into equal
groups.
Chapter 7
order of operations- a special set of rules that gives the order
in which calculations are done to solve a problem.
dividend- the number that is to be divided in a division
problem.
divisor- the number that divides the dividend.
inverse operations- opposite
operations or operations that undo
one another, such as addition and
subtraction or multiplication and
division.
quotient- the number, not including the remainder, that
results from division.
related facts- a set of related
multiplication and division
equations. (Fact family)
Chapter 8
denominator- the part of the fraction
below the line, which tells how many equal
parts there are in the whole or in the group.
eighths- divided into 8 equal parts.
equal parts- parts that are exactly the same size.
fourths- divided into 4 equal parts.
fraction greater than 1- a fraction that has a numerator
greater than its denominator.
6
5
halves- divided into 2 equal parts.
numerator- the part of a fraction above the line, which tells
how many parts are being counted.
sixths- divided into 6 equal parts.
thirds- divided into 3 equal parts.
unit fraction- a fraction that has 1 as its top number, or
numerator.
1
5
or
1
3
whole- all of the parts of one shape or group.
Chapter 9
equivalent- two or more sets that name the same amount.
equivalent fractions- two or more fractions that name the
same amount.
equal to (=)- a symbol used to compare two numbers having
the same amount or value. 3 + 8 = 6 + 5
greater than (>)- a symbol used to compare two numbers,
with the greater number given first.
3
>
4
2
5
<
perimeter- the distance around a
shape.
1
2
less than (<)- a symbol used to compare two numbers, with
the lesser number given first.
Chapter 11
area- the number of square units
needed to cover a flat surface.
2
square unit (sq un)- a unit used to measure area such as
square foot, square meter, and so on.
3
unit square- a square with a side length of 1 unit.
Chapter 10
A.M.- the times after midnight and before noon.
elapsed time- the amount of time that passes from the start
to the end of an activity.
gram (g)- a metric unit for measuring mass. (paperclip)
kilogram (kg)- a metric unit for measuring mass. 1 kg = 1,000 g
liquid volume- the amount of liquid in a container.
liter (L)- a metric unit for measuring capacity (liquid). (large
water bottle)
midnight- twelve o’clock at night 12:00 A.M.
minute- a unit used to measure short amounts of time; in one
minute, the minute hand moves from one mark to the next.
noon- twelve o’clock in the daytime 12:00 P.M.
P.M.- the times after noon and before midnight.
centimeter (cm)- a metric unit for measuring length or
distance. (About the width of your pinky.)
length- the measurement of the distance between two points.
meter (m)- a metric unit for measuring length or distance.
(About the length of your desk.) 1 meter = 100 centimeters
Chapter 12
angle- a shape formed by two rays that share
the same endpoint.
closed shape- a two-dimensional shape that begins and ends
at the same point.
line- a straight path extending in both directions with no
endpoints.
line segment- a part of a line that includes two endpoints and
all the points between them.
open shape- a shape that does not begin and end at the same
point.
plane shape- a shape on a flat
surface that is formed by curves,
line segments, or both.
point- an exact position or location.
polygon- a closed plane shape with straight sides.
ray- a part of a line, with one endpoint, that is straight and
continues in one direction.
right angle- an angle that forms a square corner.
two-dimensional shape- plane shapes that have length and
width.