Name: US ​
History Chapter 12 The North 1.
Why were changes to manufacturing needed in the mid­1700s? 2.
How would one define the Industrial Revolution? 3.
Who was Richard Arkwright? 4.
Who was the man responsible for bringing new textile machines to the United States? 5.
Why were more American textile mills built in the North than in the South? 6.
The tools used to produce items or to do work are known as what? 7.
What was Eli Whitney's influence on American manufacturing? 8. What was one argument given by Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin about why there were so few factories in the United States? 9.
How did the War of 1812 help American manufacturing? 10. During the War of 1812, which American patriot said "to be independent for the comforts of life we must fabricate [make] them ourselves"? 11. What did textile manufacturers do to keep the costs of running a mill low? 12. The "Rhode Island system" was Samuel Slater's strategy of doing what? 13. What happened to workers in the textile industry as a result of Francis Cabot Lowell's introduction of a new system? 14. For how long would a typical "Lowell girl" stay at the mills? 15. Which statement best describes working conditions at the mills? 16. What was a trade union? 17. Why were most early strikes by union members unsuccessful? 18.
19.
Who was Sarah G. Bagley? What was the Transportation Revolution? 20.
What were two new forms of transportation invented during the Transportation Revolution? What main benefit did the Transportation Revolution bring to trade? 21.
22.
Robert Fulton's first full­sized commercial steamboat was called the ______. . 23.
Why was the steamboat well suited to river travel? 24.
Gibbons ​
v. ​
Ogden ​
was a Supreme Court case about which of the following? 25.
What did the Supreme Court decide in the case of ​
Gibbons ​
v. ​
Ogden? 26.
What was the ​
Tom Thumb ​
and why was it significant? 27.
What challenges did engineers and mechanics face while building railroads? 28.
Why did locomotives make a powerful impression on passengers? 29.
Steel is made through a process called smelting, which means what? 30.
How did the Transportation Revolution affect America's farming industry? 31.
Why was coal was a more appealing fuel source than wood? 32.
The telegraph was invented several years before it went into operation. What was the reason for the delay? 33.
Why was the telegraph was significant ? 34.
What communication system, featuring different combinations of dots and dashes to represent letters, was developed by Alfred Lewis Vail? 35.
How did technological developments during the Industrial Revolution enable people to build factories almost anywhere? 36.
In the mid­1800s, most of America's industry was located where? 37.
Why did companies build their factories closer to cities and transportation centers in the mid­1800s? 38. John Deere came up with the idea for a/an ____________. . 39.
Who invented the mechanical reaper, a machine that quickly cuts down wheat? 40.
How did the inventions of the plow and the reaper help the farming industry?