AVICENNA INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE
Hungary – Germany
Preparation for Entrance Examination to Medical Universities
Topics for Interview
2010 – 2011
Cell Biology
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Explain the organic molecules and explain their importance in biology.
Talk about lipids and their roles in biology.
Explain proteins, talk about their structures, give examples and explain their functions.
Talk about hemoglobin.
What is insulin? What are its functions?
Which amino acids can form disulfide bridges in the proteins?
Explain protein structure (primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary).
Talk about the categories of carbohydrates. Give examples. Mention functions.
Talk about enzymes and their roles in human body.
What are phospholipids?
What is a micelle? How is it formed?
Explain fatty acids and their roles at cellular level.
Talk about amino acids, groups, examples, functions.
Compare DNA and RNA in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
What are polysaccharides?
What are steroids? Examples, Hormones, Cell membrane, functions.
What is ATP? What does it do in our body? How is it generated?
Explain epithelial tissue.
Explain connective tissue.
Explain muscle tissue.
Explain nervous tissue
Compare prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Explain cellular organelles in eukaryotes. Their structure and function.
Structure and function of cell membrane.
What is passive transport?
What is active transport?
Compare passive and active transport. Differences, similarities, locations.
What is vesicular transport?
What are receptors and their functions? Cell surface receptors and intracellular receptors.
Explain different types of second messengers and their functions.
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Explain structure and function of mitochondrion.
Explain citric acid cycle.
Explain aerobic respiration.
Explain structure and function of chloroplasts.
Explain photosynthesis.
Talk about endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
What is the structure and function of cilium and flagellum?
What is the structure and function of microtubules?
What does kinesin do?
What are the organelles of plant cells?
What is the structure of nucleus in animal cells?
What is the structure and function of nuclear membrane?
What are chromosomes?
What is karyotype, diploid, haploid, somatic cell, sex cell?
Explain the process of transcription.
Compare transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Explain protein synthesis.
What are ribosomes in eukaryotes and prokaryotes? Explain their structure and function.
Explain cell cycle.
What are the kinases? Explain their function.
Where do we have check points (in cell cycle) and what is their role?
Explain DNA replication.
Explain mitosis.
Explain meiosis. Where do we see this?
Compare mitosis and meiosis.
Compare meiosis in men and women. Explain spermatogenesis, oogenesis.
What do you know about different types of cell division?
What is crossing over?
What is the zygote? How is it produced?
Genetics
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What is a gene?
What is an allele?
What does “dominant” and “recessive” mean?
What are the Mendel’s rules?
What is the Mendel’s first rule?
What does “Rule of independent assortment” mean?
What do we mean by “Codominance”?
What do we mean by “Intermediate expression”?
What do we mean by “Pleiotropy”?
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Explain “Lac Operon”.
What is mutation? How can it happen? What can cause mutation?
What is Down syndrome? Explain its genetic background.
What is Sickle cell anemia? Explain its genetic background.
What is PKU? What kind of disease it is?
What is cystic fibrosis?
What are sex-linked diseases?
What is the Barr body? How is it formed?
What is the Punnett square? How can we use that?
What does natural selection mean?
Give examples for diseases which are related to abnormal number of chromosomes.
What does “deletion” and “insertion” mean? What kind of abnormalities are these?
What is hemophilia?
Explain genetic diseases.
Microbiology and Immunology
83. Explain prokaryotes: archea and eubacteria.
84. What is the structure of eubacteria?
85. What is bacterial conjugation?
86. What does antibiotics resistance mean? How does it develop?
87. What are the antibiotics?
88. What is Penicillin?
89. What is TB? What causes it?
90. How can we fight with bacterial and viral infections?
91. Explain the structure of viruses.
92. What is the mechanism of viral infection?
93. Talk about viral diseases.
94. Talk about bacterial diseases.
95. What are White Blood Cells?
96. Explain Lymphocytes.
97. Explain lymphatic system (anatomy and function).
98. What is a lymph node? What is the function of it?
99. What are the granulocytes? What is their function?
100. What are the non-specific defense mechanisms of the body?
101. What are the specific defense mechanisms of the body?
102. What are the interferons?
103. What is allergy?
104. What is anaphylactic shock? When can we have it?
105. What are the autoimmune diseases? Give an example!
106. Where are the tonsils? What is their function?
107. Where is our appendix? What is the function of it?
108. What is the function of our spleen?
Physiology
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Explain the anatomy and function of cardiovascular system
Structure and function of the heart
Blood: formed elements and plasma
What are the erythrocytes? Explain their structure and function
What are the thrombocytes? Explain their origin, structure and function.
What ECG?
Physiological measures of the heart functioning.
What is coronary circulation, why is it important? Whatis Miocardial Infarction?
Explain pulmonary circulation.
Explain systemic circulation
Explain the process of blood coagulation. What factors are important in that?
What is anemia and hemophilia?
Explain the physiology and genetics of blood groups.
Compare arteries and veins.
Explain the anatomy and function of respiratory system
Explain the mechanism of breathing
How is oxygen transported in the body?
How is CO2 transported in the body?
How is respiration controlled?
Describe structure of lung and the mechanism of respiration.
What are the alveoli? What is their function?
What is lung surfactant? What is the function of it?
Explain the anatomy and function of digestive system.
What are the digestive enzymes?
Where does the digestion start in our body?
Where does the absorption of nutrients happen in the body and how?
Describe the functions of the stomach.
Give a list of the functions of the liver.
What are the functions of the pancreas?
What are the salivary glands? Where are those? What is their function?
Explain the structure of teeth!
Give a list of hormones which control digestion!
Explain the anatomy and function of intestine
What are the vitamins? What are their groups? Why are those important?
Explain the digestion and absorption of lipids.
What are the chylomicrons?
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What are the bulk and trace minerals? What is their function? Give some examples!
What is gastric ulcer, what can cause it?
What is diabetes mellitus? What causes it?
What is Insulin and glucagon? Where are those produced? What is their function?
Explain the structure of the nephron.
Describe gross anatomy and function of urinary system.
Explain the structure and functions of kidney.
Explain the process of urine formation.
Which hormones influence urine formation?
What is diabetes insipidus? What causes it?
Explain the anatomy and main functions of nervous system.
What is action potential? How is it produced?
Explain the structure of brain. What are the main parts? What is their function?
What are glia cells? What is their function? Give a list of different glia cells.
Explain the structure of neuron, give a list of types of neurons. What is their function?
What is a reflex? Explain reflex arc. What is the difference between simple and complex
reflexes?
What is autonomic nervous system?
Explain the function and effects of sympathetic system.
Explain the function and effects of parasympathetic system.
What is hypothalamus?
What are the meninges? What is their role?
Explain the structure of the eye. How the picture is formed?
Explain the structure of ear. Explain the process of hearing.
Explain the process of smelling.
What is a synapse?
What are the neurotransmitters? Give some examples.
What is acetyl choline? What is the role of this molecule?
What is GABA? What is its role?
What is sensory activity and motor activity?
What is a hormone?
Explain the structure and function of endocrine system
Explain the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands. Give examples to both.
What is the Hypohysis? Explain the anatomy and its function.
Where are our adrenal glands? What is their function?
Where is our thyroid gland? What is the function of thyroid gland?
Explain the regulation of female menstrual cycle.
Explain the anatomy and functions of male reproductive system.
Explain the anatomy and functions of female reproductive system.
Explain the process of fertilization and early development (cleavage).