Name: ______________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________
ID: A
Module 8
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. The awareness of yourself and your environment is called:
a. somnambulism.
b. apnea.
c. consciousness.
d. NREM.
2. When you first lose consciousness to sleep:
a. certain parts of the brain's cortex stop sending messages that would otherwise keep
you alert.
b. your brain waves cycle more quickly to be followed by slow wave sleep.
c. an EEG collects readings of delta waves.
d. your eyes begin to dart rapidly under your closed eyelids.
3. Consciousness is characterized by:
a. slow delta waves recorded on an EEG.
b. a decrease in body temperature.
c. a decrease in heart rate.
d. an awareness of yourself and your environment.
4. Carolyn watched a show on television about a man who had awakened after 10 years in a coma. The man
reported that he had vague memories of family gatherings and of people trying to communicate with
him. His story illustrates the difficulty of defining:
a. consciousness.
b. sleep.
c. biological rhythms.
d. somnambulism.
5. While under anesthesia to have her wisdom teeth pulled, Evelyn was unaware of her own thoughts, felt
no pain, and did not hear the doctor work. Such a state illustrates the difference between:
a. REM and NREM.
b. consciousness and unconsciousness.
c. circadian and infradian biological rhythms.
d. awake and asleep.
6. In the middle of biology class, Abe began staring out the window, lost in thought about his weekend plans,
and was oblivious to everything around him when Ms. Bendick called his name. A psychologist could say
that Abe was not conscious when he was staring out the window because Abe was
a. unable to receive any neural activity from the rest of this body.
b. deliberately choosing to ignore his teacher.
c. not aware of himself and his environment.
d. actually fast asleep.
7. Biological rhythms are:
a. an awareness of yourself and your environment.
b. periodic physiological fluctuations that affect the body.
c. repeated awakenings during the night where a person has difficulty breathing.
d. characterized by slow delta waves as recorded on an EEG.
1
Name: ______________________
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ID: A
8. Chuck heard a commercial for a “biorhythm chart” that was supposed to predict his good and bad days as
well as his illnesses and accidents. Before pulling out his credit card to purchase one, Chuck should be
reminded that:
a. biorhythm charts are a good example of a pseudoscientific claim.
b. horoscopes are a more effective predictive tool and are free online.
c. humans do not have predictable naturally occurring rhythms.
d. the only biological rhythms that can be charted are infradian.
9. Frenchman Michel Siffre spent 2 months living in a cave with no exposure to outside light and no way to
measure the time of day. Researchers studying his sleep patterns found that his “day” varied from 18 to
52 hours. Because he was not exposed to natural light:
a. his circadian rhythm was thrown off balance.
b. he most likely suffered from sleep apnea.
c. the infradian rhythms that determine his wakefulness were disrupted.
d. his sleep patterns were affected as he likely experienced an increase in REM sleep.
10. During the day Sara experiences periods of hunger. This is an example of which of the following
biological rhythms?
a. nocturnal
b. infradian
c. ultradian
d. circadian
11. Researchers have found no gender differences in mood. Men and women report the same number of
actual mood swings each month, although women recalled having more mood swings. This finding:
a. questions whether a women's menstrual cycle is an infradian cycle.
b. suggests that premenstrual syndrome is a nonexistent disorder.
c. supports the inclusion of premenstrual syndrome into the book used by health care
officials to diagnose illness.
d. suggests that survey data is always unreliable and biased.
12. Lack of sleep leads to:
a. decreases in the levels of hormones necessary for proper immune system functioning.
b. increases in levels of the stress hormone cortisol.
c. suppression of cancer-fighting immune cells.
d. All of the answers are correct.
13. Sleep debt contributes to:
a. dangerously low blood pressure and lack of emotional response.
b. decrease in the stress hormone cortisol, causing a temporary increase in memory
skills.
c. higher crime rates.
d. hypertension, irritability, and suppressed immune systems.
14. Most adolescents need about ________ hours of sleep per night.
a. 12
b. 4
c. 6
d. 9
15. Which of the following problems might be traced back to sleep deprivation?
a. baldness
b. catching the flu
c. Parkinson's disease
d. schizophrenia
2
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 16. If you compared the amount of sleep you get with the amount your grandfather got when he was a
teenager, what are you likely to find?
a. Sleep wasn't considered as essential in the past as it is now.
b. Teenagers currently get more sleep than they did in the past.
c. You get more sleep than your grandfather did, because of his greater responsibilities.
d. Your grandfather got more sleep on average than you do when he was an adolescent.
____ 17. Sleeping until noon or 1 PM on the weekend is an indication of:
a. sleep disorder.
b. insomnia.
c. sleep debt.
d. ultradian rhythm.
____ 18. Parents, students, and school officials are meeting to discuss changing the school bell schedule. As a
student of psychology, what argument are you most likely to make in favor of beginning school later in
the day?
a. Sleep deprivation increases levels of the stress hormone estrogen, which is linked to
brain cells responsible for wakefulness.
b. Sleep deprivation suppresses the immune system, leading to more school absences due
to illness.
c. According to Dement, a large sleep debt is typical during adolescence.
d. Adolescents can safely build up a moderate level of sleep debt as long as they are
allowed to sleep late on weekends.
____ 19. For the past week, Marian has stayed up late finishing her 10-page term paper. Depriving herself of sleep
may result in:
a. permanently changing her body's ultradian rhythms.
b. making it more difficult for her to concentrate the next day.
c. greater focus and attention the next day due to hormonal changes.
d. increased levels of melatonin levels for the next few days.
____ 20. Braxton flew from California to New York. The next morning he felt tired when his alarm rang at 8 AM.
Which of the following best explains his experience?
a. Braxton's melatonin levels were elevated.
b. Braxton's infradian rhythms were thrown off by his travel.
c. It is likely that Braxton suffers from apnea that disrupts his sleep patterns.
d. According to his body's internal clock it is still 5 AM.
____ 21. Which of the following hormones helps regulate the sleep/wake cycle?
a. adrenaline
b. estrogen
c. melatonin
d. testosterone
____ 22. The restorative theory of sleep explains that sleep:
a. allows us to recuperate from the daily wear and tear on our bodies.
b. is needed because we need to dream about future events.
c. protected us from nocturnal predators.
d. restores the unconscious mind to a balanced state.
3
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 23. Molly suffers from severe insomnia. Which of the following treatments may be effective in helping her
get a good night's sleep?
a. prescribed daily amounts of light therapy
b. taking an over-the-counter sleeping medication
c. medically controlled amounts of melatonin supplements
d. nightly use of a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine
____ 24. Which of the following psychological perspectives is most likely to argue that we sleep at night because
it maximizes our safety and survival?
a. evolutionary
b. social-cultural
c. psychodynamic
d. humanism
____ 25. An EEG, or electroencephalograph, measures:
a. activation-synthesis.
b. brain waves.
c. infradian rhythms.
d. melatonin levels.
____ 26. Which of the following is an accurate list of the sleep cycles?
a. alpha, beta, phi
b. awake, drowsy, sleep, deep sleep, dreaming
c. conscious, subconscious, unconscious, dreaming
d. NREM 1, NREM 2, NREM 3, REM
____ 27. Which sleep stage rarely lasts longer than 5 minutes and if the sleeper is awakened during this time will
insist they had not been sleeping?
a. NREM 1
b. NREM 2
c. NREM 3
d. REM
____ 28. During which stage of sleep does the sleeper spend up to half of his or her total sleep time?
a. NREM 1
b. NREM 2
c. NREM 3
d. REM
____ 29. Which stage is characterized by slow-wave sleep with less than one cycle per second?
a. NREM 1
b. NREM 2
c. NREM 3
d. REM
____ 30. During which of the following sleep stages does the body rejuvenate itself?
a. NREM 1
b. NREM 2
c. NREM 3
d. NREM 4
____ 31. The brain waves you have during REM sleep are most similar to the ones you have when you are:
a. awake.
b. in NREM 1.
c. in NREM 2.
d. in NREM 3.
4
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 32. Dr. Kendall is observing the EEG of a sleeping research participant. The readout indicates slower wave
sleep, alternating with faster brain waves, much like those of someone relaxed yet awake. Based on this
pattern the participant is most likely:
a. in the last four hours of his 8-to-9 hour sleep.
b. just moved from wakefulness to NREM 1 sleep.
c. alternating between consciousness and unconsciousness.
d. in the first four hours of his 8-to-9 hour sleep.
____ 33. During a typical night's sleep of 8 to 9 hours, Betty can predict that her brain will cycle through the
REM stage ________ times.
a. 1 – 2
b. 2 – 3
c. 3 – 4
d. 4 – 5
____ 34. REM sleep is known as the stage during which:
a. the body rejuvenates itself.
b. vivid dreaming occurs.
c. slow-wave cycles are present.
d. the body is very active.
____ 35. During a typical night's sleep, an individual will spend ________ total minutes in REM sleep.
a. 20
b. 30
c. 90
d. 100
____ 36. REM is sometimes called paradoxical sleep because:
a. EEGs show that the brain is very relaxed, but this is the time when you are most
physically active.
b. you dream during REM and NREM sleep stages.
c. if you are sleep deprived you will go immediately into REM sleep instead of following
the normal cycle.
d. internally you are aroused but externally you are temporarily paralyzed.
5
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 37. The brainstem performs a vital role during REM sleep by:
a. blocking neural signals from reaching the motor cortex.
b. stopping all muscles movements in the body.
c. reducing blood flow to the genitals.
d. increasing voluntary muscle activity throughout the body.
____ 38. Dr. Waltman wants to monitor a sleeping patient's brain waves. Which of the following brain scans
should Dr. Waltman use?
a. CT
b. EEG
c. EKG
d. MRI
____ 39. Your sister says that she never dreams. Your psychology teacher taught you that everyone dreams every
night. How can you best prove to your sister that she really does dream?
a. Have your sister read your psychology textbook
b. Wait until she has been asleep for 90 minutes then wake her.
c. Wake her shortly after she enters NREM 1 sleep.
d. Wait until she is sleepwalking, wake her, and ask her what she is dreaming about.
____ 40. Sigmund Freud developed one of the earliest dream theories. He suggested that dreams:
a. were the key to understanding our inner conflicts.
b. reflected ancient archetypal symbols from our collective unconsciousness.
c. served an important memory-related function by consolidating new information.
d. are the mind's attempt to make sense out of random neural firing.
____ 41. Which of the following theories suggests that dreams serve an important memory-related function by
sifting through the day's experiences and tying up loose ends?
a. physiological function
b. cognitive development
c. information processing
d. activation synthesis
____ 42. Research has demonstrated that REM sleep facilitates memory storage and the amount of REM sleep
increases following stressful times. This evidence supports which dream theory?
a. activation synthesis
b. cognitive development
c. physiological function
d. information processing
____ 43. Which theory suggests that dreaming is important because it provides periodic stimulation of our brains
during the neural activity of REM sleep?
a. activation synthesis
b. cognitive development
c. physiological function
d. information processing
____ 44. Which age group spends the most time in REM sleep?
a. infants
b. toddlers
c. early adolescents
d. late adulthood
6
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 45. The four current theories that try to explain why we dream are:
a. activation synthesis, information processing, physiological function, cognitive
development.
b. biological rhythms, circadian rhythms, ultradian rhythms, infradian rhythms.
c. paradoxical sleep, insomnia, narcolepsy, somnambulism.
d. wish fulfillment, erotic wishes, latent content, Freudian explanation.
____ 46. The activation synthesis model suggests that dreams:
a. are part of the maturation process related to brain development.
b. represent expressions of wish fulfillment.
c. provide period brain stimulation during REM sleep.
d. are the mind's attempt to make sense of random neural firing.
____ 47. Which of the dream theories would support this statement, “If you have never heard of a Native
American sweat lodge, you're not going to dream about them”?
a. information processing
b. activation synthesis
c. cognitive development
d. physiological function
____ 48. Dr. Marx believes that dreaming is little more than a reflection of normal cognitive development. Which
of the following researchers would strongly disagree with Dr. Marx?
a. Dr. Bangerter, whose research demonstrates that the dreams of an 8-year-old are far
less active than those of a 20-year-old.
b. Dr. Cartwright, whose research has shown that dreams reflect only what an individual
has learned.
c. Dr. Dodd, whose research on the brain shows that dreams can occur outside of REM
sleep.
d. Dr. Yaz, who believes that dreams are expressions of wish fulfillment and are the key
to understanding inner conflict.
____ 49. Since Margie arrived home with her newborn she has gotten very little sleep. Based on psychological
research, with such sleep deprivation what can we predict when Margie is finally able to sleep through the
night?
a. Margie will spend considerably more time in Stage 2 during her time asleep.
b. Margie will sleep more deeply and experience fewer dreams than she would normally.
c. Margie will not dream at all during her night's sleep.
d. Margie will dive straight into REM sleep rather than follow a normal cycle.
____ 50. Recurring problems falling or staying asleep is the main symptom of:
a. apnea.
b. insomnia.
c. night terrors.
d. somnambulism.
____ 51. Waking up throughout the night as a result of not being able to breathe is the main symptom of:
a. narcolepsy.
b. apnea.
c. insomnia.
d. somnambulism.
7
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 52. The sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks is called:
a. narcolepsy.
b. sleep apnea.
c. sleep attacks.
d. somnambulism.
____ 53. Which of the following best describes the typical sufferer of sleep apnea?
a. Underweight female over 55 years of age.
b. Normal weight female under 40 years of age.
c. Overweight male over 40 years of age.
d. Normal weight male over 65 years of age.
____ 54. The sleep disorder narcolepsy is characterized by:
a. uncontrollable sleep attacks.
b. difficulty in falling or staying asleep.
c. repeated awakenings as a result of not being able to breathe.
d. sudden jerking of a body part that occurs in Stage 1 or 2.
____ 55. When a narcoleptic sleep attack occurs, the individual:
a. moves quickly from consciousness to Stage 1 sleep.
b. experiences a sudden jerking of a body part.
c. falls immediately into REM sleep.
d. appears terrified and alert but is sound asleep.
____ 56. An insomniac would most likely experience:
a. impaired concentration and a depressed immune system.
b. increased episodes of sleep apnea.
c. longer periods of Stage 2 sleep, and less Stage 1 sleep.
d. longer periods of restorative sleep, but less protected sleep due to increased REM
episodes.
____ 57. Your 8-year-old brother was caught sleepwalking right out the front door! Your mother wants to wake
him up and find out what type of dream he must have had to make him behave that way. How is your
mother wrong?
a. Sleepwalking does not occur during REM sleep because you are temporarily paralyzed
during this dreaming stage.
b. Your little brother was most likely in stage NREM2 when most sleepwalking occurs
and not likely dreaming.
c. Somnambulism does not occur in children of this young age.
d. It is dangerous to awaken someone who is sleepwalking.
____ 58. Nightmares are different from night terrors in that:
a. only children experience nightmares.
b. nightmares occur in REM, night terrors in stage NREM 3.
c. you may have difficulty remembering a nightmare, but not a night terror.
d. during a nightmare you appear awake and terrified, but are actually sound asleep.
____ 59. Shortly after going to sleep, Maria has the sensation that she is falling and feels her legs jerk as she
awakens. What most likely has occurred?
a. a sleep attack
b. myoclonus
c. somnambulism
d. a night terror
8
Name: ______________________
ID: A
____ 60. At 1:00 AM Luis gets out of bed and begins to sleepwalk. An EEG of brain activity is most likely to
indicate the presence of:
a. brain waves similar to someone awake and relaxed.
b. slow waves, less than one cycle per second.
c. REM sleep.
d. sudden bursts of electrical activity.
9
ID: A
Module 8
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 140
OBJ: 8-1
SKL: Knowledge
2. ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 140
OBJ: 8-1
SKL: Knowledge
3. ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 140
OBJ: 8-1
SKL: Knowledge
4. ANS: A
Psychologists define consciousness as an awareness of yourself and your environment. Those in a coma
are often called “unconscious.” In this case, if the man reported hearing others during the coma, it
reflects some type of conscious experience, which illustrates the difficulty in defining this term.
PTS: 1
REF: 140
OBJ: 8-1
SKL: Application
5. ANS: B
Consciousness is defined as an awareness of yourself and environment. While under anesthesia a person
who is unaware of himself or herself and their external environment would be unconscious.
PTS: 1
REF: 140
OBJ: 8-1
SKL: Application
6. ANS: C
Consciousness is defined as an awareness of yourself and environment. While Abe was daydreaming, he
was unaware of the events around him. He was not deliberately choosing to ignore his teacher, he was not
asleep, and he was continuing to receive neural activity that regulated his heartbeat and breathing.
PTS: 1
REF: 140
OBJ: 8-1
SKL: Application
7. ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 140
OBJ: 8-2
SKL: Knowledge
8. ANS: A
A biorhythm chart is a good example of a pseudoscientific claim, an assertion that attempts to appear
scientific but is not really based on science. Researchers have found that biorhythm charts are useless
(Hines, 1998).
PTS: 1
REF: 140
OBJ: 8-2
SKL: Application
9. ANS: A
The sleep-wake cycle is an example of a circadian rhythm, a biological rhythm that occurs
approximately every 24 hours. Sunlight is the cue for your body clock to reset and adjust itself to the
environment. Since Siffre was not exposed to natural light, his body didn't know when it was supposed to
be awake or asleep. Thus, his natural circadian rhythm was thrown off balance.
PTS: 1
REF: 140
OBJ: 8-2
SKL: Application
10. ANS: C
Ultradian rhythms are biological rhythms that occur more than once a day.
PTS: 1
REF: 141
OBJ: 8-2
1
SKL: Application
ID: A
11. ANS: B
The finding that there is no difference in mood by gender challenges our traditional assumptions and
leads to some question as to whether PMS is a true illness.
PTS: 1
REF: 141
OBJ: 8-2
SKL: Application
12. ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 141
OBJ: 8-3
SKL: Knowledge
13. ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 142
OBJ: 8-3
SKL: Knowledge
14. ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 142
OBJ: 8-3
SKL: Knowledge
15. ANS: B
Sleep deprivation suppresses the immune system, possibly contributing to catching the flu. The text
doesn't mention a connection between sleep deprivation and any of the other conditions.
PTS: 1
REF: 142
OBJ: 8-3
SKL: Application
16. ANS: D
Teenagers are getting about two hours less sleep now than they did in the past.
PTS: 1
REF: 142
OBJ: 8-3
SKL: Application
17. ANS: C
Our brain keeps track of our sleep debt, and sleeping late on weekends might indicate a need for sleep.
PTS: 1
REF: 142
OBJ: 8-3
SKL: Application
18. ANS: C
Dement has found that 4 out of 5 teens are “dangerously sleep deprived.” Sleep deprivation leads to
health problems through the effects on the immune system. Sleep debt also affects cortisol levels leading
to brain damage that affects our ability to learn and remember. Researcher William Dement has asserted
that a large sleep debt “makes you stupid.”
PTS: 1
REF: 141
OBJ: 8-3
SKL: Application
19. ANS: B
Depriving yourself of sleep alters your body’s natural rhythms, making it more difficult to maintain
normal, waking consciousness.
PTS: 1
REF: 142
OBJ: 8-3
SKL: Application
20. ANS: D
When people travel from one time zone to another they suffer from disrupted circadian rhythms known
as “jet lag.” In this case, when Braxton traveled from California to New York, he "lost" 3 hours
according to his body's clock. He would feel tired when his alarm rang at 8 AM because, according to his
body's clock, it is still 5 AM.
PTS:
21. ANS:
SKL:
22. ANS:
SKL:
1
C
Knowledge
A
Knowledge
REF: 140
PTS: 1
OBJ: 8-3
REF: 144
SKL: Application
OBJ: 8-4
PTS: 1
REF: 144
OBJ: 8-4
2
ID: A
23. ANS: C
The hormone melatonin helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle. Some people with insomnia respond
favorably to medically controlled amounts of melatonin supplements.
PTS: 1
REF: 144
OBJ: 8-4
SKL: Application
24. ANS: A
Evolutionary psychologists are interested in studying behavior that helped our ancestors survive.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
PTS:
ANS:
SKL:
ANS:
SKL:
ANS:
SKL:
ANS:
SKL:
ANS:
SKL:
ANS:
SKL:
ANS:
REM
1
B
Knowledge
D
Knowledge
A
Knowledge
B
Knowledge
C
Knowledge
C
Knowledge
A
sleep includes
REF: 144
PTS: 1
OBJ: 8-4
REF: 145
SKL: Application
OBJ: 8-5
PTS: 1
REF: 146
OBJ: 8-5
PTS: 1
REF: 146
OBJ: 8-5
PTS: 1
REF: 146
OBJ: 8-5
PTS: 1
REF: 146
OBJ: 8-5
PTS: 1
REF: 146
OBJ: 8-5
very active brain waves, most similar to the ones you have when you are awake.
PTS: 1
REF: 147
OBJ: 8-5
SKL: Application
32. ANS: A
During the last four hours of an 8- to 9-hour sleep, individuals alternate between NREM 2 and REM
sleep. NREM 2 is characterized by slower wave sleep, while REM is characterized by faster brain waves
like those of someone who is awake and relaxed.
PTS: 1
REF: 147
OBJ: 8-5
SKL: Application
33. ANS: D
During a typical night's sleep of 8 or 9 hours, a person experiences 4 to 5 REM cycles.
PTS: 1
REF: 147
34. ANS: B
PTS: 1
SKL: Knowledge
35. ANS: D
PTS: 1
SKL: Knowledge
36. ANS: D
PTS: 1
SKL: Knowledge
37. ANS: A
PTS: 1
SKL: Knowledge
38. ANS: B
EEG scans show brain wave activity, and
PTS: 1
REF: 145
OBJ: 8-5
REF: 147
SKL: Application
OBJ: 8-6
REF: 148
OBJ: 8-6
REF: 148
OBJ: 8-6
REF: 148
OBJ: 8-6
the other scans do not.
OBJ: 8-6
3
SKL: Application
ID: A
39. ANS: B
The first REM sleep cycle begins after approximately 90 minutes of sleeping. By waking her during REM
sleep she is most likely to recall her vivid dreaming.
PTS: 1
REF: 148
OBJ: 8-6
SKL: Application
40. ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 148
OBJ: 8-7
SKL: Knowledge
41. ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 148
OBJ: 8-7
SKL: Knowledge
42. ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 148
OBJ: 8-7
SKL: Knowledge
43. ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 149
OBJ: 8-7
SKL: Knowledge
44. ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 149
OBJ: 8-7
SKL: Knowledge
45. ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 148
OBJ: 8-7
SKL: Knowledge
46. ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 149
OBJ: 8-7
SKL: Knowledge
47. ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 149
OBJ: 8-7
SKL: Knowledge
48. ANS: D
The cognitive development theory suggests that dreams are a reflection of normal cognitive
development. Freudian psychologists, who believe that dreams are the expressions of wish fulfillment,
would strongly disagree with this position.
PTS:
49. ANS:
When
rather
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
1
REF: 149
OBJ: 8-7
SKL: Application
D
finally allowed to sleep after a period of sleep deprivation, we tend to dive straight into REM sleep
than following a normal cycle.
PTS: 1
ANS: B
SKL: Knowledge
ANS: B
SKL: Knowledge
ANS: A
SKL: Knowledge
ANS: C
SKL: Knowledge
ANS: A
SKL: Knowledge
ANS: C
SKL: Knowledge
ANS: A
Insomniacs get less
PTS: 1
REF: 148
PTS: 1
OBJ: 8-7
REF: 151
SKL: Application
OBJ: 8-8
PTS: 1
REF: 151
OBJ: 8-8
PTS: 1
REF: 153
OBJ: 8-8
PTS: 1
REF: 151
OBJ: 8-8
PTS: 1
REF: 153
OBJ: 8-8
PTS: 1
REF: 153
OBJ: 8-8
sleep, so they would suffer from the symptoms of sleep deprivation.
REF: 151
OBJ: 8-8
4
SKL: Application
ID: A
57. ANS: A
Dreams occur during REM sleep when we lose our ability to move around. Sleepwalking is most likely to
occur during the NREM 3 stage.
PTS: 1
REF: 153
OBJ: 8-8
SKL: Application
58. ANS: B
Night terrors are characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified when actually deep
asleep. Night terrors most often afflict children and occur in stage NREM 3. The child rarely has any
memory of the event the next morning. Nightmares are dreams and occur during REM sleep.
PTS: 1
REF: 153
OBJ: 8-8
SKL: Application
59. ANS: B
Myoclonus is a sudden jerking of a body part that occurs in stage NREM 1 or 2.
PTS: 1
REF: 154
OBJ: 8-8
SKL: Application
60. ANS: B
Sleepwalking occurs most often in stage NREM 3, when slow waves, less than one cycle per second, are
produced.
PTS: 1
REF: 153
OBJ: 8-8
5
SKL: Application