Chapter One, Section 2
Study / Reading Guide
World Geography
1. On the back of this page, please draw and label the following: (WGS 21C, 22 A)
First, draw a globe. Then, draw and label the following: Antarctic Circle, Arctic Circle, Equator, Prime
Meridian, International date line, southern hemisphere, northern hemisphere, Tropic of Capricorn, Tropic
of Cancer
2. Next, draw and construct a map of your neighborhood. Be sure to include the following: Scale, Key
(Legend), stores, schools, houses, major / minor streets. *** Use a ONE mile square radius around your
house to complete this!!!( WGS 21C, 22 A, WGS 5A, 8B, 9A, 9B)
Vocabulary
Review the list below, BE sure to LABEL ALL of these on your globe and / or map above!
1. Compass Rose - a design on a map that shows directions (North, South, East, West, NE, NW etc).
2. Absolute Location (5 Themes) Location indicated by an exact address, using latitude, street address
etc.
3. Antarctic Circle – imaginary circle on the surface of the earth at 66 1/2°S
Arctic Circle – imaginary circle on the surface of the earth at 66 1/2°N
4. Cartography – one that makes maps
5. Distortion (relating to Maps) all flat maps have issues showing accurate shape, distance and/or size
6. Equator - an imaginary line on the Earth's surface equidistant from the North Pole & the South Pole,
divides the Earth into the Northern & Southern Hemisphere.
7. Mercator Projection - Mercator projection distorts the size and shape of large objects, as the scale
increases from the Equator to the poles, where it becomes infinite.
8. Map Projection - Method of representing the surface of a the earth on a flat surface. All map projections
distort the surface in some fashion.
9. Longitude/Meridians – invisible lines on the earth surface that go up/down the earth and meet at the
poles.
10. Latitude/Parallels - invisible lines on the earth surface that go around the earth parallel to the prime
meridian and never meet or touch.
11. Key/Legend – table of symbols used on a map or chart.
12. International Dateline - an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the
south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next. passes through the middle of the Pacific
Ocean.
13. GPS – (Global Positioning System) satellite navigation system that provides location and time
information anywhere on or near the Earth
14. Grid System – coordinate system used on maps to give absolute locations.
15. Hemisphere – the earth can be divided along the equator, onto North of the equator & South of the
equator into two “spheres”
16. Peters Map Projection – landmass size is accurate but shapes & distances are distorted
17. Physical Geography – studies the worlds natural features
18. Political Geography – Study of political processes and the relationship between people, state &
territory
19. Prime Meridian – line of longitude at 0 degrees. Divides the earth in the eastern & western
hemispheres.
20. Pull Factor – encourages people to move to a place (move for jobs, education etc)
21. Scale – a means of showing size on a smaller object (ex:1 inch = 1000 miles)
22. Tropic of Capricorn – Parallel to the equator at approximately 23 degrees SOUTH of the equator.
23. Tropic of Cancer – Parallel to the equator at approximately 23 degrees NORTH of the equator
24. Thematic Maps (understand that there are various types of informative maps such as vegetation,
population density, physical, political, climate, economic activity)