NMgr Anglický jazyk 2016 - C
KLÍČ
In consequence of the gloom reigning over the library the family had been forced to sit in the
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drawing-room, a large and cheerless apartment at the back of the house. Mrs Lupton was
discussing with her sister what had best be done, and Janet, a pale, earnest-looking young
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woman of five-and-twenty, was trying to be bright and intelligent over her cousin Guy's
sketch of the lake in the park. Understandably, Stella paused on the threshold, meditating
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instant flight, but Guy cast her a supplicating look, and feeling that at least she had enjoyed a
very good lunch while he regaled himself on cold lamb and rice pudding, she took pity on him
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and advanced into the room. Mrs Lupton looked up, folding her lips. She was a just woman
and she did not blame Stella for being much better-looking than either of her daughters. She
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was merely sorry that Stella should ruin her complexion with make-up and squander her
mother's money on ridiculously unsuitable clothes. "Where have you been, may one ask?" she
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said. "Out", said Stella briefly. Mrs Lupton was glad to think that her daughters would never
dream of answering her in that rude way.
1. Considering the instances of the verb forms cast and took, explain why so few PresentDay English irregular verbs are of a foreign, i.e. non-Germanic origin.
ad 1: The morphology of irregular, or strong, verbs, is based on Indo-European ablaut and
typological introflection. This principle started being abandoned from Early Middle English
onwards, as the system began to shift from the inflectional/synthetic (and introflectional)
principle to the isolating/analytical one. This was manifested by an increasing productivity of
regular/weak verbs, introduced in Proto-Germanic as a structural innovation. It was the
weak/regular morphology, based on the agglutinating dental preterit suffix, that later verbal
loanwords and new verbal formations almost invariably adopted.
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2. List three words from the text whose spellings are historically due to three different kinds
of Norman scribal conventions. In each word, underline the relevant letter or letters.
ad 2: 1. consequence; forced; advanced; 2. large; intelligent; 3. house; cousin; should;
would; 4. enjoyed; just; 5. lunch
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NMgr Anglický jazyk 2016 - C
KLÍČ
3. Find four different phonemic realizations of the grapheme <o> in a stressed syllable and
transcribe the words:
done, money /ʌ/
woman /u/
over, cold /əʊ/
sorry /o/
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4. a. Explain the difference between derivational and inflectional affixes. [1] b. Find two
different examples of each type in the text [1]:
(dva příklady na každý typ).
Derivational affixes – unsuitable, cheerless, intelligence, ridiculous
 ing-forms in: earnest-looking, supplicating
Inflectional affixes – lips, daughters
- -ed: enjoyed, paused, regaled, advanced
- ing-forms in: reigning, discussing, meditating…
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5. a. Define meronymy [0.5]:
b. Find in the text a co-meronym and a holonym of drawing room [1]:
-
holonym - "house"; co-meronym "library", další dvojice
c. Find in the text another pair of words in a meronymic relationship (a holonym and a
meronym) [0.5]:
- "Mrs Lupton - lips"
- "Stella - complexion"
- "family - sister, cousin, daughters, mother".
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NMgr Anglický jazyk 2016 - C
KLÍČ
6. a. Find in the text all different realization forms of determiners (except articles), and
identify the form. b. Adduce three noun phrases (not contained in the text) containing three
different forms of determiners (except articles), and identify the realization form of the
determiner:
In the text:
i.
adnominal/possessive case: Guy's, mother’s
ii.
(weak) possessive pronoun: her
iii.
demonstrative pronoun: that (rude way)
Not contained in the text:
iv.
universal quantifier: every man, any man
v.
universal negative quantifier: no chance
vi.
existential quantifier: some work, (is there) any chance?
atd
0.5 bodu za každý determinátor
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7. Find three different realization forms of premodification and determine the form:
i.
ii.
iii.
adjectives in the basic form: large, cheerless… 0,5 bod
participle – supplicating
present participle 1 bod
noun in the common case – rice (pudding)
converted noun 1 bod
- 0,5 za adjektivum a po 1 bodě za ostatní: celkem 2,5 body
2.5
8. a. Determine the syntactic function of the infinitive clause „to think that her daughters…“
(line 12) [1]:
object complementation of the adj
b. Find a different realization form of the same syntactic function and identify the form [2]:
(sorry) that Stella should ruin her complexion – Nominal content clause,
dependent declarative
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9. a. Define a ditransitive verb [1]:
- a verb that requires complementation by two objects
b. Find all ditransitive verbs in the text [2]:
cast (her a supplicating look); regale (himself on cold lamb…)
blame (Stella for); take pity on…
!Nepatří sem: squander (her mother’s money)
– jde o monotranzitivní sloveso, „on sth“ je fakultativní complement
4 slovesa:
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KLÍČ
NMgr Anglický jazyk 2016 - C
10. a. Determine the syntactic function [0.5] and the type of subordinate clause of what had
best be done (line 3) [1]:
- object
- dvojí interpretace, uznáváme obě:
1.nominal relative clause nebo
2. nominal content dependent interrogative – wh-question
("What had best be done?" přímá řeč, otázka)
b. Determine by which device the clause is introduced [0,5]:
- podle interpretace (viz 10a): 1. what – relative pronoun (free relative) nebo
2. interrogative pronoun
2
11. Determine the syntactic function and the type of the following subordinate clauses:
i. that at least she had enjoyed a very good lunch (line 6-7) [1.5]:
object - Nominal content clause, dependent declarative
ii. while he regaled himself on cold lamb and rice pudding (line 7) [1]:
adverbial clause of time
2.5
12. a. Determine the form and the syntactic function of the ing-forms in:
i.
reigning (line 1) [1]: – present participle, postmodification
ii.
meditating (line 5) [1]: – present participle, non-finite adverbial clause
iii.
answering (line 13) [1]: – gerund, Oprep
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13. Determine the syntactic function and semantic role of the following phrases:
i. in consequence of the gloom (line 1) [1]: – Adjunct of reason
ii. with her sister (line 3) [1]:
– Adjunct of manner – accompanying circumstances
iii. (much) better-looking (line 9) [1]:
- Cs
¨
NMgr Anglický jazyk 2016 - C
KLÍČ
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14. a. Find two instances of clausal coordination with different coordinators, and identify the
semantic relation between the clauses [1]:
i. Additive/copulative: Mrs Lupton was discussing… and Janet was trying…
ii. Adversative: Stella paused…, but Guy cast her a supplicating look
b. Find coordination in the realization form of three different clause elements, identifying
the respective syntactic functions [1.5]:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
a large and cheerless apartment - premodifier
a pale, earnest-looking young woman - asyndetic coordination in premodification
bright and intelligent - subject complement
on cold lamb and rice pudding - prepositional object
2.5
15. a. Give the definition of apposition [1],
- relationship of two (or more) words or noun phrases that have the identical referent and that
have the identical syntactic function
b. Find in the text two different types of apposition constituted by different clause elements
and describe their realization forms [2]:-Types of apposition:
1. loose/non-restrictive apposition:
 in the drawing room, a large and cheerless apartment - place adjunct; two
prepositional phrases
 Janet, a pale, earnest-looking young woman - subject, proper name and
premodified NP
2. close / restrictive apposition:
 Mrs Lupton - subject, two NPs
 over her cousin Guy's sketch - determiner, two NPs
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16. Determine and explain the semantic subtype of the verbonominal predication She was a
just woman (line 8):
– qualification by false classification
1
NMgr Anglický jazyk 2016 - C
KLÍČ
17. Determine the syntactic function and semantic role of the following adverbs in -ly:
i.
understandably (line 5) [1]:- content disjunct, attitudinal; value judgment/evaluation
ii.
merely (line 10) [1]: - adjunct - intensifier, downtoner, diminisher (restrictive) (podle Quirk et al. subjunkt)
iii.
ridiculously (line 11) [1]:- manner adjunct (adjectival head)
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18. a. Explain the function of should in the clause that Stella should ruin her complexion with
make-up (line 10) [1]:
-
putative should - nikoliv root modal, ekvivalent subjunktivu (semantic concord
between the superordinate attitudinal expression sorry and verb mood)
translation: “že si Stella ničí pleť líčením”
b. Explain the syntactic status of may one ask in "Where have you been, may one ask? (line
11) [1]:
- reporting clause functioning in the sentence structure as a comment clause / content
attitudinal disjunct; (podkladová struktura May one ask where you have been)
c. Explain the kind of modality and the particular modal meaning of may in “may one ask”
[1]:
- root / deontic / dispoziční - permission (mohu-li/smím-li se zeptat?)
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19. a. Explain the function of had in what had best be done (line 3) [1]:
-
modální had s komparativem /superlativem: we had better wait, we had best raději
bychom měli, nejlepší by bylo
(co by se mělo nejlépe udělat)
NMgr Anglický jazyk 2016 - C
KLÍČ
b. Determine the function of would: Mrs Lupton was glad to think that her daughters would
never dream of answering her in that rude way. (line 12-13) [1]:
- auxiliary verb – conditional meaning (“že její dcery by nikdy nenapadlo odpovědět jí tak
hrubě”)
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20. Determine the type of reference of the following nouns:
i.
the gloom (line 1) – non-generic, definite - cataphora
ii.
the threshold (line 5) – non-generic, definite - anaphoric-associative / situational
iii.
a very good lunch (line 6-7) - non-generic, indefinite, specific
1.5
Total: 50 points