Colonial American Conflict
Conflict Between France and England
1755
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International war started between France and England
Fought mostly in North America, India, and Europe
French and Indian War
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Seven Years War
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War
American History
European History
French and Indian War
 French Side
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France
Native American tribes associated with the Huron
English Side
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England
American Colonists
Iroquois Tribes
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Enemies of the Huron
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England Victorious
France gave up everything in North America.
Pontiacs Rebellion
Near the end of the war, tribes in the west rebelled.
England put down rebellion after an expensive fight.
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Proclamation of 1763
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Settlement west of Proclamation Line prohibited.
Predicting Results
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Predict how the application of the Proclamation of 1763 affected the American
colonists.
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Indian Problems?
Freedom?
Land Prices?
Salutary Neglect
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Until French and Indian War, English government ignored the American
colonies.
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Americans became used to managing themselves.
Taxes were low
Americans were very profitable
Salutary Neglect
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In your notes, write, in your own words, a definition of salutary neglect.
Then write a brief statement explaining why such neglect would be a problem
for the British when they started to crack down.
War Debt
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Debt following the war required England to seek new sources of revenue.
Government control increased
Taxes increased
Navigation Acts
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Laws that regulated the trade of the colonies
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With England
Between the Colonies
With other nations
Trade with England
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No finished goods could be made in the colonies.
Only raw materials could be produced.
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Colonies had to trade only with England.
Smuggling became a profitable business
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English government used Writs of Assistance to find illegal goods.
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John Hancock was a prominent smuggler
General search warrants
Writs of Assistance
How do writs of assistance differ from search warrants issued today?
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Specific probable cause (reason).
Specific list of what is being searched for.
Specific location must be identified.
Time period for search limited.
Sugar Act - 1764
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Tax on Sugar and things that contained sugar was lowered
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Penalties for smuggling were increased.
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Accused sent to England for trial.
Idea was to encourage compliance with paying the tax – which would decrease
smuggling.
Colonists were very angry
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They did not like taxes – but hated regulation even more.
1765 – Stamp Act
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Direct tax on paper items
First direct tax on the American colonists
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Stamp Tax became very unpopular.
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Americans protested vigorously
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Stamp Act Congress
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First time colonies acted together to protest English policies.
Boycotts
Non-importation agreements
Sons of Liberty
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Gangs of colonists – violently protested the Stamp Act.
Sons of Liberty
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Local gangs of anti-British Americans.
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Used terror and violence to resist English law.
Most important unit was in Boston.
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Samuel Adams was the leader.
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Paul Revere
John Hancock
Stamp Act Repealed
Merchants in England were hurt seriously by the boycotts.
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Pressured the government to repeal the tax
Townshend Acts
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Replaced the Stamp Act
Taxes were collected on imported goods.
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Colonists – angry at any tax by this time.
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Indirect Tax – tax became part of the price.
Protests continued
Sons of Liberty as active as before.
These taxes were also repealed
British sent more troops to America
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Especially Boston
Outbreak of Violence
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Winter, 1770 in Boston
Conflict between British soldiers and Boston radicals.
Boston Massacre
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Provoked by the people, British soldiers fired their guns on the crowd.
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Several were killed
First bloodshed in this increasing conflict.
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Crispus Attucks
Committees of Correspondence
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Local groups set up to communicate with committees in other towns. (1772)
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Most colonies had Committees of Correspondence that communicated quickly (Horseback
couriers) with each other.
– Colonists could communicate far faster than the English
authorities.
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8-9 weeks to get to England / 8-9 weeks to get back to the
colonies.
Tea Act
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British government – still trying to control the colonies
– Tea Act – granted a monopoly to a company to sell tea in the colonies.
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Even though colonist drank tea as their beverage of choice – most boycotted tea.
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Sons of Liberty even threatened people who purchased or sold tea.
Boston Tea Party
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Sons of Liberty raid on tea ships in Boston Harbor.
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Threw tea into the water to ruin it.
Violent protest against regulations concerning tea.