USGS Report No. OSL/3529
United States Department of the Interior
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Reston, Virginia 20192
June 24, 2010
REPORT OF CALIBRATION
of Aerial Mapping Camera
Camera type:
Lens type:
Nominal focal Length:
Camera serial no.:
Lens serial no.:
Maximum aperture:
Test aperture:
Zeiss RMK Top 15*
Zeiss Pleogon A3/4
153 mm
151970
151883
f/4
f/4
Valley Air Photos
Caldwell, Idaho
Submitted by:
Reference:
These measurements were made on Agfa glass plates, 0.19 inch thick, with spectroscopic emulsion type APX
Panchromatic, developed in D-19 at 68° F for 3 minutes with continuous agitation. These photographic plates
were exposed on a multicollimator camera calibrator using a white light source rated at approximately 5200K.
I.
Calibrated Focal Length:
II.
Lens Distortion
Field angle:
Symmetric radial (μm)
Decentering tangential (μm)
152.809 mm
7.5º
15º
22.7º
30º
35º
40º
0
0
1
1
0
1
-1
2
-1
3
0
5
Symmetric radial
distortion
K0
K1
K2
K3
K4
=
=
=
=
=
-0.2254E-04
0.5956E-08
-0.2933E-12
0.0000
0.0000
Decentering
distortion
P1
P2
P3
P4
=
=
=
=
-0.9295E-07
-0.2874E-06
0.0000
0.0000
Calibrated
principal point
xp
yp
= -0.011 mm
= 0.010 mm
The values and parameters for Calibrated Focal Length (CFL), Symmetric Radial Distortion
(K0,K1,K2,K3,K4), Decentering Distortion (P1,P2,P3,P4), and Calibrated Principal Point [point of symmetry]
(xp,yp) were determined through a least-squares Simultaneous Multiframe Analytical Calibration (SMAC)
adjustment. The x and y-coordinate measurements utilized in the adjustment of the above parameters
have a standard deviation (σ) of ±3 microns.
* Equipped with Forward Motion Compensation
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USGS Report No. OSL/3529
III.
Lens Resolving Power in cycles/mm
Area-weighted average resolution:
Field angle:
Radial Lines
Tangential Lines
0º
134
134
106
7.5º
15º
22.7º
159
134
134
134
113
113
30º
35º
40º
113
95
95
80
95
95
The resolving power is obtained by photographing a series of test bars and examining the resultant image
with appropriate magnification to find the spatial frequency of the finest pattern in which the bars can be
counted with reasonable confidence. The series of patterns has spatial frequencies from 5 to 268 cycles/mm
in a geometric series having a ratio of the 4th root of 2. Radial lines are parallel to a radius from the center of
the field, and tangential lines are perpendicular to a radius.
IV.
Filter Parallelism
The two surfaces of the USGS TOP 15 test filter KL-F (60%) No. 142399 are within 10 seconds of being
parallel. This filter, in conjunction with the internal "B" filter, was used for the calibration.
V.
Shutter Calibration
Indicated Time Rise Time
(sec)
(μ sec)
1/ 100
2918
1/ 200
1390
1/ 300
914
1/ 400
669
1/ 500
533
Fall Time ½ Width Time Nom. Speed
(μ sec)
(ms)
(sec)
2693
11.93
1/ 100
1428
5.76
1/ 210
915
3.82
1/ 310
667
2.83
1/ 410
547
2.27
1/ 520
Efficiency
(%)
85
85
85
85
85
The effective exposure times were determined with the lens at aperature f/4. The method is considered
accurate within 3 percent. The technique used is described in International Standard ISO 516:1999(E).
VI.
Magazine Platen
The platen mounted in Zeiss T-MC film magazine No. 151622 does not depart from a true plane by more
than 13 μm (0.0005 in).
The platen for this film magazine is equipped with an identification marker that will register "151810" in the
data strip area for each exposure.
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USGS Report No. OSL/3529
VII.
d
a
t
a
s
t
r
i
p
s
i
d
e
Principal Point and Fiducial Mark Coordinates
3 (90°)
5
7
D
A
2 (180°)
PPA
B
Positions of all points are referenced to the principal
point of autocollimation (PPA) as origin. The diagram
indicates the orientation of the reference points when
the camera is viewed from the back, or a contact
positive with the emulsion up. The data strip is to the
left.
6
C
1 (0°)
8
4 (270°)
Indicated principal point, corner fiducials
Indicated principal point, midside fiducials
Principal point of autocollimation (PPA)
Calibrated principal point (point of symmetry)
X coordinate (mm)
0.010
0.009
0.000
-0.011
Fiducial Marks
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
VIII.
-113.001
113.008
-112.985
113.013
-112.988
113.016
0.011
0.006
Y coordinate (mm)
0.002
-0.009
0.000
0.010
-113.006
112.997
113.001
-113.006
-0.014
-0.004
112.997
-112.999
Distances Between Fiducial marks
Corner fiducials (diagonals)
1-2:
319.621 mm
Lines joining these markers intersect at an angle of 89° 59' 59"
3-4:
319.616 mm
Midside fiducials
5-6:
226.003 mm
Lines joining these markers intersect at an angle of 89° 59' 46"
7-8:
225.996 mm
Corner fiducials (perimeter)
2-3:
2-4:
225.994 mm
226.003 mm
1-3:
1-4:
226.007 mm
226.014 mm
The Method of measuring these distances is considered accurate within 0.003 mm
Note:
For GPS applications, the nominal entrance pupil distance from the focal plane is 254mm with a 10
mm filter thickness. Additional filter thickness will increase entrance pupil distance by 0.34 X added
thickness.
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USGS Report No. OSL/3529
IX.
Stereomodel Flatness
FMC Magazine No:
Platen ID:
151622
Base/Height ratio:
151810
0.6
Maximum angle of field tested:
d
a
t
a
2
40 °
-10
-6
s
t
r
i
p
6
s
i
d
e
-9
5
14
2
-4
Stereomodel Test Point Array
(values in micrometers)
The values shown on the diagram are the average departures from flatness (at negative scale) for two
computer-simulated stereo models. The values are based on comparator measurements on Agfa Avitone P3P
copy film made from Kodak 2405 film exposures. These measurements are considered accurate to within 5
μm.
X.
System Resolving Power on film in cycles/mm
Area-weighted average resolution:
Field angle:
Radial Lines
Tangential Lines
0º
57
57
49
7.5º
57
57
Film: Type 2405
15º
57
57
22.7º
57
57
30º
48
48
35º
48
40
40º
48
40
This aerial mapping camera calibration report supersedes the previously issued USGS Report No. OSL/3433,
dated November 25, 2008.
Michael G. Benson
Remote Sensing Technologies Project Manager
Geography Discipline
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