Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System
Introductory Physics Formula Sheet
Formulas
Average Speed 5
d
Dt
Average Acceleration 5
Average Velocity 5
F 5 ma Dv
Dt
∆x
∆t
F5G
F 5 k
p 5 mv
m1 m 2
d2
q1 q 2
d2
V 5 IR
P 5 IV
1 mv 2
2
v f 5 v i  aDt KE 5
Dx 5 v i Dt  1 a Dt 2 PE 5 mgDh v 5 fl
vf 2 5 vi 2  2aDx W 5 Fd l5 c
f
P5 W
Dt
T 5 1
f
2
Average Velocity 5
vi  vf
2
Q 5 mcDT
Variables
a 5 acceleration
c 5 specific heat
d 5 distance
f 5 frequency
F 5 force
Dh 5 change in height
I 5 current
KE 5 kinetic energy
l 5 wavelength
m 5 mass
p 5 momentum
P 5 power
PE 5 gravitational potential energy
q 5 charge of particle
Q 5 heat
R 5 resistance
Dt 5 change in time
DT 5 change in temperature
T 5 period
v 5 velocity
vi 5 initial velocity
vf 5 final velocity
Dv 5 change in velocity
V 5 voltage
W 5 work
Dx 5 displacement
Definitions
c 5 speed of electromagnetic waves 5 3.00  108 m/s
2
G 5 Universal gravitational constant 5 6.67  1011 N • m
2
kg
k 5 Coulomb constant 5 8.99  10
g  10 m/s2
1N 51
kg • m
s
2
9 N • m
C
2
2
1 J 51 N • m
J
1 W (watt) 5 1 s