Vibration Measurement Instruments
+
VIBER
X1™ Manual
VIBER-A
™
ment Instruments
ER X1™ Manual
Ver. 1.0
Vibration Measurement
Instruments
Vibration
Measurement Instruments
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Important information
Our X series of hand-held instrument
X series
of hand-held
instrument
OurOur
X series
of hand-held
instruments
Safety precautions
Vibration measurement and balancing involves measurement on rotating machines.
Keep a safe distance to rotating parts and secure transducers and transducer cables
from rotating parts. Always follow internal, local and national security
regulations! When working with weights on the rotor always secure the start
switch with a locker and also use the emergency switch for double safety. This is
especially important when the machine is remote controlled.
VMI International AB takes no responsibility for any accidents on people and
machines.
VMI International AB and our authorized dealers will take no
responsibility for damages on machines and plants as the result
of the use of VIBER
X1™ measurements.
+
VIBER-A
VIBER X1
VIBER
VIBER X1
X1
VIBER X2
VIBER
X2
VIBER X2
VIBERVIBER
X3 X3
VIBER X3
Even though great efforts are made to make the information in
this manual free from errors and to make the information
complete for the user, there could be items we have missed,
because of the large amount of information. As a result of this,
we might change and correct these items in later issues without
further notice. Also changes in the VIBER X1™ equipment may
take place that affect the accuracy of the information.
VIBER X5
VIBER X5
VIBER X5
Manual Viber X1_121002.indd 2
Manual Viber X1_121002.indd 2
10/3/12 9:26 A
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Important
information
Important
information
Safety
Safetyprecautions
precautions
Vibration
andand
balancing
involves
measurement
on rotating
machines.
Vibrationmeasurement
measurement
balancing
involves
measurement
on rotating
Keep
a safe Keep
distance
to rotating
partsfrom
and secure
transducers
and transducer
cables
machines.
a safe
distance
rotating
parts. Secure
transducers
from
rotatingfrom
parts.rotating
Always follow
internal, local
andcompany,
national security
and cables
parts. Always
follow
local and national
regulations! When working with weights on the rotor always secure the start
security regulations!
switch with a locker and also use the emergency switch for double safety. This is
especially important when the machine is remote controlled.
VMIInternational
International
andnoour
authorizedfordealers
will take
VMI
ABAB
takes
responsibility
any accidents
on no
people and
responsibility for either damages on machines and plants or accidents on
machines.
people as the result of the use of VIBER-A+ ™ measurements.
VMI International AB and our authorized dealers will take no
Even though great efforts are made to make the information in
responsibility
for damages on machines and plants as the result
this manual free from errors and to make the information complete for the
of
the
use
of
VIBER
X1™ measurements.
user, there could be items we have missed, because of the large amount of
information. As a result of this, we might change and correct these items
+
Even
great efforts
made
to changes
make the
in laterthough
issues without
furtherare
notice.
Also
in information
the VIBER-Ain
™
this
manual
free
from
errors
and
to
make
the
information
equipment may take place that affect the accuracy of this information.
complete for the user, there could be items we have missed,
because of the large amount of information. As a result of this,
we might change and correct these items in later issues without
further notice. Also changes in the VIBER X1™ equipment may
take place that affect the accuracy of the information.
3
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Instrument overview
Instrument overview
The VIBER-A+ ™ is a portable vibrometer to be used in
The VIBER
X1™
a portable
Vibrometer
to be
used inon
prevenpreventive
andispro-active
maintenance
work,
especially
tive and
active
maintenance
work,set
especially
onanrotating
machinrotating
machinery.
A complete
consists of
instrument,
ery. soft carrying bag, a vibration transducer with magnet support.
VIBER-A
™ measures
velocity (mm/s
RMS)bag,
in the
two
A complete
set+consist
of anthe
instrument,
carrying
a vibration
frequency
ranges
10
1000
Hz
or
2
Hz
–
maximum
frequency
transducer with magnet support and charger. +
(16000
Hzisdepending
onthe
version
of VIBER-A
and transVIBER
X1™
measuring
effective
velocity™(mm/s
RMS)
ducer). The instrument has the capability to measure up to 40
in the frequency range 2 – maximum frequence. The range can be
kHz, the limiting factor is the accelerometer.
set by adjustable filters, high pass filters can be set 2 Hz or 10 Hz,
low pass
lters covers
can bemost
set atof1the
000
Hz or maximum
frequency.
Thisfirange
frequencies
that will occur
for
This range
coversofmost
of the failures
frequencies
that will
occur for the
the majority
mechanical
and defects.
Examples
majority
of mechanical
failures
and imperfections.
are unbalance,
looseness,
resonance,
misalignment Examples
of shafts, are
defective
gear boxes
and cavitation
and other fluid
generated
unbalance,
looseness,
resonance,
misalignment
of shafts
and gears,
vibrations.
cavitations
and other fluid generated vibrations.
The judgements+ of the measured levels are supported by several
VIBER-A
™ 10The
- 1000
Hz comparison
is designed for
companies
that
vibration
standards.
close
between
vibration
uses the recommendation ISO 10816-3. This standard, is used
levels and actual wear of the machinery will build up local
for decades around the world.
knowledge.
This experience
should be
tovibration
optimisestanthe type of
The vibration
alerts are supported
by used
several
actiondards.
required
when
higher
vibrations
are
found.
The close comparison between vibration levels and
A common
standard for
judgement
is ISOUse
10816-3
actual machinery
wear
will build of
up vibrations
your knowledge.
and may
available
domestic
standardisation
this be
experience
to from
determine
the action
required whenauthority.
high
vibrationsisare
This standard
anfound.
upgrade of older standards that has been in use
for several decades and has a worldwide acceptance as a
good judgement for continuous and long lasting operation of
machinery.
4
Vibration
Measurement
Instruments
Vibration
Measurement
Instruments
Functions
Functions
StartStart
of theofinstrument
the
instrument
Power
on
the
instrument
PressPress
the start
key
the
instrument
startsstarts
to measure
theOn/Off
startand
key
and
the
starts
measure
Press
the
key
and
the instrument
instrument
toto
measure
Vibration Measurement Instruments
vibration,
default
is 2 is–is10
maximum
range,range,
the diodes
vibration,
default
Hzfrequency
or 2 frequency
Hz – maximum
vibration,
default
2-–1000
maximum
the diodes
indicates
low and
high
pass
lters
setting.
frequency
range
depending
on fi
version.
The instrument shuts
indicates
low
and
high fipass
lters setting.
Battery
check after approximately 4 minutes if no key is
off automatically
The instrument
will be
shut
after approximately
The
instrument
will
be off
shutautomatically
off automatically
after approximately
4 minutes
if no key
the time.
4pressed.
minutes
if noare
keyused
are during
used during
the time.
VIBER X1™ has an embedded battery check, when less than 10 %
of the battery capacity remains, the battery LED will flash.
Improving
the light
Improving
the light
Bearing
condition
This button
can becan
used
the if
digits
need
a higher
brightness
to be to be
This button
be if
used
the digits
need
a higher
brightness
more more
visible.
visible.
Press
symbolvibration
key andonthe
bearing
Startthis
measuring
themeasurement
machine then, of
press
the condition
symbol
bearing condition
measurement.
The instruwill
start.key
Theforinstrument
measures
instantaneously
a bearing
Changing
frequency
rangerange
Changing
frequency
ment measures
a Bearing
Condition
value inHz.
condition
value instantaneously
in the range between
500
Hz to 20.000
500 Hz
to 16 000 Hz. To
return
vibration
Tothe
gorange
backbetween
to vibration
measurements,
press
thetosymbol
once
measurement, press the symbol again.
more.
The Viber
X1™X1™
is oneisofone
fewofanalogical
instrument
that has
The Viber
few analogical
instrument
that has
adjustable
frequency
ranges.
To measure
in other
frequency
adjustable
frequency
ranges.
To measure
in other
frequency
range,range,
use the
arrows
to change
the filters.
The fiThe
ltersfilters
useup/down
the up/down
arrows
to change
the filters.
Placing of the measuring point
LED LED
will light
to up
show
the filter
inlter
use.inThis
a useful
will up
light
to show
the fi
use. can
Thisbecan
be a useful
feature;
comparison
can becan
done
with measurements
in thein the
feature;
comparison
be done
with measurements
The measurements should be taken on or as close to the bearing as
same same
range.range.
Notice
that the
had 10
-1000
Hz Hz
Notice
thatold
theISO
oldstandard
ISO standard
had
10 -1000
possible and in horizontal, vertical and axial directions.
as frequency
range.range.
We recommend
you toyou
useto2 use
– 1000
Hz Hz
as frequency
We recommend
2 – 1000
as a standard
range.range.
as a standard
5
Press this symbol key and the measurement of bearing condition
will start. The instrument measures instantaneously a bearing
Vibration
Measurement
Instruments
condition
value in the
range between 500 Hz to 20.000 Hz.
To go back to vibration measurements, press the symbol once
Functions
more.Measuring point location
Measurements should be taken on the bearing housing or as
close as possible and in the horizontal, vertical and axial direcStart in
ofthe
thestandard
instrument
tions. This is also explained
ISO-10816.
Placing of the measuring point
Press
the start key and
the instrument
measure
The measurements
should
be taken onstarts
or astoclose
to the bearing as
vibration,
default
is
2
–
maximum
frequency
range,
the diodes
possible and in horizontal, vertical and axial directions.
indicates low and high pass filters setting.
V
The instrument will be Vshut off automatically
after approximately
4 minutes if no key are used during the time.
Improving the light
This button can be used if the digits need a higher brightness to be
more visible.
Changing frequency range
al Viber X1_121002.indd 6
The Viber X1™ is one of few analogical instrument that has
adjustable frequency ranges. To measure in other frequency
range, use the up/down arrows to change the filters. The filters
LED will light up to show the filter in use. This can be a useful
feature; comparison can be done with measurements in the
same range. Notice that the old ISO standard had 10 -1000 Hz
as frequency range. We recommend you to use 2 – 1000 Hz
as a standard range.
6
10/3/12 9
Vibration Measurement Instruments
How toHow
make
to good
makemeasurements
good measurements
The sensitivity
direction
of the
coincides
The sensitivity
direction
of transducer
the transducer
coincideswith
withthe
the
centerofaxis
the transducer.
the accelerometer
on the
centre axis
theoftransducer.
The Place
transducer
end (with the
measurement
Waitfiarmly
few seconds
accelerometer
magnetic
support) ispoint.
pushed
against for
thethe
measurement
to
come
to
a
steady
state
to
reduce
noise
from
the
accelero- to
point. The main purpose is to make the complete transducer
meter. If you are connecting to a non-magnetic surface, push
fully participate in the motion of the measurement point. Try to
firmly against the measurement point. Make sure it is a proper
hold the
transducer in a vertical, horizontal or axial direction as
contact with the machine. If measurement are taken on a
possible,
evensurface,
if the machine
does not have
these and
curved
make suresurface
the accelerometer
is attached
directions.
Read the
instrument
held witha vertical,
the free horizontal
hand. Note
not moving
back
and forth. Measure
anda
stable reading
as wellifas
a fluctuating
since the
fluctuation
axial direction,
possible.
Note if one,
the reading
is stable
or flucitself istuating.
valuable
regarding
thevaluable
reason information
for the
Theinformation
non-stable reading
is also
used to determine the vibration cause.
vibration.
When
the transducer
is mounted
magnet,
reliable
When the
transducer
is mounted
withwith
thethe
magnet
thethe
frequency
frequency range of the measurement is reduced to about 2000
range of the measurement is reduced to about 2 000 - 3 000Hz
– 3000 Hz depending on the flatness of the contact between
depending
on the flatness of the measuring surface.
magnet and surface.
Note!
Note! Using the magnet can change the bearing condition value.
When using
the magnet
the bearing
condition
can
High frequency
vibration
can sometimes
bevalue
difficult
to be
collect
becausechanged.
high vibration does not transmit through the machine
substantially
for long
distances.
Pressingcan
thesometimes
transducer more
should
Vibrations
at high
frequencies
causefirmly
measurement
not
change
the
reading.
If
in
doubt,
always
try
to
adjust
the
lack of confidence. Pressing the transducer more firmly should
contact point first. Secondly, if necessary, mount the transdunot change the reading. If in doubt, always try to adjust the
cer with the M6 stud.
contact point first. Secondly, if necessary, mount the transducer
with the M6 stud.
All normal measurements on vertical or horizontal machinery
7 axes of true vertical,
should follow the three perpendicular
Vibration Measurement Instruments
horizontal
and axial
directions.
reason
is that you
should keep
All normal
measurements
on The
vertical
or horizontal
machinery
to theshould
main stiffness
directions
caused
by
normal
non
symmetrical
follow the three perpendicular axes of true vertical,
properties
of the
foundation,
piping, supports etc. It will result in
horizontal
and
axial directions.
better understanding if the basic measurements are made in this
way. The VIBER-A+ ™ is mainly intended for measurements
against the machinery housing and bearings. And designed for
fans, pumps, chemical motors and compressors.
VIBER-A+ ™ can also be used to measure other components
The VIBER
X1™ is mainly intended for measurements against
such as piping, valves, etc.
the housing and bearings of machinery according to the intentions
of theNote:
standards.
You
canthe
also
useofitthe
to transducer
measure other
parts such
In some
cases,
mass
may influence
as piping,
valves,
etc.
Note
that
in
some
cases
the
mass
of the
the reading. A good rule is to avoid readings on things that
have only
thethe
mass
of the transducer.
transducer
may2-3
infltimes
uence
reading.
A good rule is to consider
readings on surfaces that are lower in mass than 10 times the mass
of the transducer.
8
Vibration Measurement Instruments
How How
to interpret
vibration
measurements
to interpret
vibration
measurements
A user with no previous experience, we recommend to use the
A userISO
with
no previous
experience to interpret the results is
10816-3
standard.
recommended to use the ISO 10816-3 standard.
The standard normally calls for a velocity measurement in
mm/s RMS.
To better
understand
what this
The standard
normally
calls
for a measure
inmeasurement
velocity based on
of it as
how fast the
machine
is
mm/smeans,
RMS. think
To better
understand
what
this measure
means it can
moving back and forth. This measure gives a good understanbe helpful to consider the reading as a mean value of the back and
ding of the amount of “break down energy”, causing mainly
forward
motion.
Thisinmeasure
gives
good
understanding of the
wear
and fatigue
the machine
or athe
structure.
amount of “break down energy”, causing mainly wear and fatigue
work,The
in the
machine
or the structure
being
measured.
instrument
measures
the total RMS
vibration
value in the
frequency range. This RMS value is the average sum of all the
measured vibrations.
The instrument
is measuring the total RMS-value of the vibration
in actual frequency range. This RMS-value is an average sum of
all theExample:
measured vibrations.
If the simultaneous vibration caused by unbalance is (4mm/s),
by misalignment (2 mm/s) and by the gear mesh (5 mm/s)
then the total vibration measured with VIBER-A+ ™ is 6.7
Example:
mm/s.
If the simultaneous vibration caused by unbalance is (4mm/s), by
misalignment
(2 mm/s)
(5 mm/s) then the
Total vibration
= √4 and
* 4 +by
2 *the
2 +gear
5 * 5mesh
= 6.7mm
total vibration measured with VIBER X1™ is 6.7 mm/s.
Notice that a reduction of the unbalance from 4 mm/s to 1
will reduce
mm/s to 5, 5 mm/s.
+ 2 *value
2 + 5from
* 56,= 76.7mm
Total mm/s
vibration
= √4 *the4 total
Notice that a reduction of the unbalance from 4 mm/s to 1 mm/s
will reduce the total value from 6, 7 mm/s to 5, 5 mm/s.
9
Vibration Measurement Instruments
The ISO
is classifying
machines
differently
if the
The standard
ISO standard
classifies the the
machines
differently
if the machimachines
areflexible
considered
flexible
mounted.
This reflects
nes are
or rigid.as
This
reflectsortherigid
location
of the machine’s
stiff-body
relatedstiff-body
to the basicresonance’s
running speedrelated
of the to the
the location
ofresonance
the machines
basic machine.
running speed of the machine.
For example, a machine supported by rubber or springs have a
For instance,
a machine supported by rubber or springs have
resonance at low running speeds. The machine starts vibrate at
resonance’s at low running speeds. The machine starts vibrate
a low RPM. When the speed is increased above these resonance
at certain
low rpm.
When the
speed isThis
increased
these
frequencies,
the vibration
is reduced.
machineabove
is considered
resonance
frequencies
the
vibration
is
reduced.
This
machine
is
flexible.
considered flexible.
Resonance is easily found when a flexible machine is running up
or down can
in speed.
Theberesonances
are located
at themachine
speed where
A resonance
easily
found when
a flexible
is
the up
vibration
has ainlocal
maximum
level.
running
or down
speed.
The resonances
are located at
Extraction’s
from
ISO 10816-3
the rpm´s
where the
vibration
has a local maximum level.
Industrial machines with power above 15kW and nominal
speeds between 120 - 15000 RPM.
mm/s
Group 1:
1.4
Large machines with rated power
above 300kW. Electrical machines
2.8
with shaft height H > 315mm.
Operating speed ranges from 120 to 4.5
15000 RPM.
11
Group 2 and 1 Group 4 and 3
Rigid Rigid Flex. Flex. mm/s
2.3
3.5
7.1
Group 2:
Medium-sized machines with a rated power above 15kW up to and
including 300kW. Electrical machines with shaft height between
160 < H < 315 mm. Operating speed normally above 600 RPM.
10
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Modern
machines
often run at high speed and bearing-supports
Group
3:
are flexible,
foundations
bewith
evaluated
flexible,
Pumps with multivaneshould/can
impeller and
separateasdriver
with even
when rated
it is not
mounted
on
rubber
or
springs.
power above 15kW.
Group
4:
The ISO
10816-3
standard allows for slightly higher limits when
Pumps with
multivane impeller
integrated
a foundation
is considered
flexibleand
thanwith
when
if it is driver
rigid.
with ratedfrom
power
above
15kW.
A conclusion
this
is also
that a resonance condition in
principle is not allowed or at least must be avoided at operating
Modern machines often run at high speed and bearingspeeds.
In practice
this also
includesshould/can
the doublebespeed
as well
supports
are flexible,
foundations
evaluated
as as
any other
natural
frequency
as blade
passage etc.
flexible,
evenexcitation
when it is not
mountedsuch
on rubber
or springs.
The
ISO 10816-3
for slightly
higher limits
A great
advantage
withstandard
properallows
vibration
measurements
and the
when a foundation is considered flexible than rigid. A concluuse of vibration standards is that you can judge the future
sion from this is a resonance condition should not be allowed
maintenance
reliably
already
at first start-up.
you find
or at leastcost
must
be avoided
at operating
speeds. InIfpractice,
levelsthis
above
mm/s RMS,
you speed
can beasrather
machine
also3includes
the double
well assure
any that
otherthe
natural
excitation
frequency
such asinblade
passage.
will cause
increased
activities
maintenance.
The specific cost and action is of course individual to the
A great advantage with proper vibration measurements and
machine
design.
the use of vibration standards is that you can judge the future
maintenance cost reliably at start-up. If you find levels above
The next
logical
step
therefore
apply more
advanced
3 mm/s
RMS,
it’sis
a risk
that thetomachine
will have
higher
maintenance
cost. The
specific
action
is specific
to
analyzers
like VIBER
X2™,
X3™cost
or and
X5™
to learn
the frequency
machine
design.
behindthethe
vibration
and thus the exact mechanical fault.
The practice of this is beyond the scope of this manual.
The next logical step if you want to improve the accuracy of
measurements is to use more advanced analyzers like VIBER
X2™, X3™ or X5™ to learn and detect the frequency behind
the vibration and thus the exact mechanical fault. The practice
of this is beyond the scope of this manual.
11
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Recommended
vibration levels in mm/s and
Recommended vibration levels in mm/s and common findings
common
fi
ndings
The following is an extraction of part of the old standard ISO
2372 class 4, large machines on flexible foundations, with
The following
is in findings
part an added.
extraction of the old standard ISO 2372
some common
class Use
4, large
machineslist
on as
flexible
foundations,
with
some comthis simplified
a first indication,
when
approaching
newly commissioned
machine or after some time in operamon fiandings
added.
tion. Investigate the reason for any machine that vibrates
above 3 ed
mm/s
This simplifi
listRMS.
can be used, as a first indication, when
approaching a machine newly commissioned or after some
•
0 – 3 mm/s
time in operation.
Small vibrations - None or very small bearing wear. Rather
Take as
a rule level.
to investigate the reason for any machine that vilownoise
brates• above
3
RMS.
3mm/s
– 7 mm/s
Noticeable vibration levels are often concentrated to some
•
0 – 3part
mm/s
specific
as well as direction of the machine. Visible
wear.- Seal
problems
pumps and
increased
Smallbearing
vibrations
None
or veryoccur
smallinbearing
wear.
Rather low
noise noise
level.level. Keep the machine under observation and measure
at smaller time intervals than before to detect a deterioration
trend3 if
Compare vibrations to other operating variables.
•
– any.
7 mm/s
•
7 – 18 mm/s
Noticeable vibration levels often concentrated to some specific
Large vibrations. Bearings running hot. Bearing wear-out
part ascauses
well frequent
as direction
of the machine.
Visible
bearingofwear.
replacements.
Seals wear
out, leakage
all
Seal problems
occur
in
pumps
and
increased
noise
level. Keep
kinds evident. Cracks in welding and concrete foundations.
the machine
under
observation
andHigh
measure
smaller
time interScrews and
bolts
are loosening.
noise at
level.
Plan action
vals than
before
detect
a deterioration
trendYou
if any.
soonest.
Do to
your
best to
discover the cause.
are wearing
downvibrations
investments
Compare
toquickly.
other operating variables.
12
Vibration
Measurement
Instruments
Vibration
Measurement
Instruments
•
– mm/s levels in mm/s and
•
– 1818
mm/s
Recommended
vibration
Press7 the
bearing
symbol and the instrument measures the bearing
Very
large
vibrations
andrunning
high noise
Thiswear-out
is detrimental
Largecondition
vibrations.
Bearings
hot.levels.
Bearing
cause
common
findings
value.
to the safe operation of the machine. Stop operation if technifrequent
replacements.
Seals
wear
out,
leakage
of
all
kinds
evident.
Bearing
condition value
is RMS
value
of all can
highwithstand
frequency
vibracally or economically
possible.
Few
machines
Cracks
in
welding
and
concrete
foundations.
Screws
and
bolts
are
The
following
is
in
part
an
extraction
of
the
old
standard
ISO
tions
in the
rangedamage.
of 500 Hz
to maximum
this level
without
Reduce
any furtherfrequency.
running time to2372
loosening.
High
noise
level.
Plan
Do your
to
class
4, large
machines
onunit
flexible
foundations,
somebest
comThis
average
has the
g (=action
m/s²)soonest.with
an
absolute
minimum.
revealfindings
the reason.
You are wearing down investments quickly.
mon
added.
•
18 –edmm/s
This
simplifi
list can be used,
as a first
indication,symbol
when
Bearing
condition
Bearing
condition
Very large vibrations
and
high commissioned
noise levels. This
is detrimental
to
approaching
a machine
newly
or after
some
the safe
operation of the machine. Stop operation if technically
time
in operation.
or economically
considering
stop cost.that
FewviTake
as a rule to possible
investigate
the reasonthe
forplant
any machine
Press the bearing
symbol.
The instrument measures the bearing
Bearing
value
machines
can3condition
withstand
this
level without damage. Reduce any
brates
above
mm/s
RMS.
condition value. Bearing condition value is the RMS value of
further
time tovibrations
an absolute
minimum.
allrunning
high frequency
in the
range of 500 Hz to 16 000
The 0bearing
condition value in VIBER X1™ is an average value,
•
–
3
mm/s
Hz. Bearing condition are measured in the unit g.
value, -ofNone
all high
frequency
vibrations
between
SmallRMS
vibrations
or very
small bearing
wear.
Rather500
lowHz and
maximum
frequency.
noise level.
This
value
is an average
Bearing
condition
value with the unit “g” because high frequencies
give
a
larger
signal
compared with velocity, if it is measured
•
3 – 7 mm/s
in
acceleration.
We usevibration
acceleration
because
frequencies to
give
a larger
sig-c
Noticeable
levels
oftenhigh
concentrated
some
specifi
nalwell
compared
to or
velocity,
measured
inthe
acceleration.
When
When
the
balls
rollers
inside
bearing
wide-band
part as
as direction
of theifrotate
machine.
Visible
bearinga wear.
the balls
rollers rotate
inside
thenoise
bearing,
a vibration
wide-bandare
noise
andoroccur
vibration
arises.
This
andnoise
increased
Seal noise
problems
in pumps
and
increased
level. Keep
and
vibration
occurs.
This
noise and overloaded
vibration increase
ifmisalignmen
the
if
the
bearing
is
poorly
lubricated,
due
to
the machine
under
observation
and
measuredue
at smaller
time interbearing
poorly
lubricated,
overloaded
to misalignment
or
has
a isdamaged
surface.
vals than
before
to
detect
a
deterioration
trend
if
any.
has a damaged surface.
Iforthe
selected frequency
band includes
low frequencies, the
Compare
to otherband
operating
variables.
If thevibrations
selected frequency
includes
low frequencies, the bebearing
condition
value
would
also
include
vibrations from
aring condition value would also include vibrations from unbaunbalance,
misalignment,
etc.
and
not
only
from
bearing vibration
lance, misalignment, etc. and not only from bearing vibrations.
and would therefore be difficult to interpret.
If the selected frequency band only includes very high frequency
noise and vibrations we would need special vibration transducers
that are very rigidly and closely
13 mounted to the bearing because
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Press the bearing symbol and the instrument measures the bearing
If thevalue.
selected frequency band only includes very high frecondition
quency noise and vibrations, we would need special vibration
Bearing condition value is RMS value of all high frequency vibratransducers that are very rigidly and closely mounted to the
tions in
the range
of 500
Hz to maximum
frequency.
bearing
because
the machine
structure works
as a mechanical
+
This average
has
the
unit
g
(=
m/s²)
filter for high frequencies. VIBER-A ™ measures the bearing
condition value between 500 Hz to 16 kHz. Normal machinery vibrations rarely have vibrations above 500 Hz.
Bearing condition
Note!
A high bearing condition value is an indication and a recommendation to continue with other fault analysis. High bearing
condition
valuesvalue
can appear at gear boxes, converting machiBearing
condition
nes with cutters and similar machines without any bearing
faults because
theyvalue
“naturally”
produce
frequencies
above 500
The bearing
condition
in VIBER
X1™
is an average
value,
Hz.
RMS value, of all high frequency vibrations between 500 Hz and
maximum frequency.
This value is an average with the unit “g” because high frequencies give a larger signal compared with velocity, if it is measured
in acceleration.
When the balls or rollers rotate inside the bearing a wide-band
noise and vibration arises. This noise and vibration are increased
if the bearing is poorly lubricated, overloaded due to misalignment
or has a damaged surface.
If the selected frequency band includes low frequencies, the
bearing condition value would also include vibrations from
unbalance, misalignment, etc. and not only from bearing vibrations
and would therefore be difficult to interpret.
If the selected frequency band only includes very high frequency
noise and vibrations we would need special vibration transducers
that are very rigidly and closely mounted
to the bearing because
14
Vibration
VibrationMeasurement
MeasurementInstruments
Instruments
the
machine
structure
works
as aunit
mechanical
filter for high
Bearing
condition
value
with
“g”
Bearing
condition
value
with
unit
“g” RMS
RMS
Bearing
condition
value
with
unit
“g” RMS
frequencies.
VIBER
X1™ above
is measuring
theto
bearing
condition
value
between
The
is
identify
the bearing
condition
The diagram
diagram
above
is aaisguide
guide
to
condition
The diagram
below
a guide
toidentify
identifythe
the bearing
bearing condi500
Hz
to
20
kHz.
Within
this
frequency
range
a
common
value.
If
vibrations
of
other
causes
(e.g.
fl
ow
surge,
gear
mesh)
value.
If value.
vibrations
of otherofcauses
(e.g. flow
surge,
geargear
mesh) are
are
tion
If vibrations
other causes
(e.g. flow
surge,
experience
exist
in
the
evaluation
of
the
bearing
condition
level.
within
in
the
frequency
range
500
–
6400
Hz
this
can
give
a high
within
in the
range
500 –range
16 000
this
can
a high
mesh)
arefrequency
within in the
frequency
500Hz
– 16
000
Hzgive
this
Normal
vibrations
rarely
have
vibrations
above
bearing
condition
without
the
bearing
being
canmachinery
give a highvalue,
bearing
condition
without
thedamaged.
bearing500 Hz.
bearing
condition
value,
without
thevalue,
bearing
being
damaged.
being
damaged.
A high value
bearingcan
condition
can also
be bearing
A high
bearing
condition
also bevalue
indicated
if the
A
bearing
value
canlubricated
also be indicated
if the bearing
indicated
if condition
the bearing
is poorly
or overloaded.
is high
poorly
lubricated
or overloaded.
is poorly lubricated or overloaded.
Note!
A high bearing condition value is an indication and a
recommendation to continue with other fault analysis.
High bearing condition values can appear at gear boxes,
converting machines with cutters and similar machines without
any bearing faults because they “naturally” produce frequencies
above 500 Hz.
15
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Bearing condition value with unit “g” RMS
Technical data VIBER-A+
The diagram above is a guide to identify the bearing condition
value. If vibrations of other causes (e.g.
flow surge, gear
mesh) are
Standard nom 100
(Adjusted to the
Vibration transducer
Accelerometer
mV/g
within
in the frequency
range 500 – 6400
Hz this can instrument)
give a high
Vibration
Max 20 g RMSbeingWith
bearing
value,
without the bearing
damaged.
Inputcondition
amplitude
other sensor up
range
Bearing condition
Max 20 gBC
to 200 g
A high
bearing
can
be indicated if the bearing
Dynamic
range condition value
60 dB
(159 also
Hz)
is poorly lubricated or Vibration
overloaded. 10 - 1000 Hz
Note 1, Note 2
2 - 16 000 Hz
Frequency range
Bearing condition
Vibration and BC
units
0.5 to 16 kHz
mm/s and g-value
Amplitude
presentation
RMS
Signal processing
Analogue
Accuracy
Vibration
±3%
Note 3
Bearing condition
±5%
Note 4
Battery
Alkaline AAA
Operating time
Min 12 hours continuous measuring
LED display
7 segment
Enclosure protection
IP65
Operating temp.
range
-20 to 60°C
Weight
285 gram
Size (L x W x H)
125mm x 70mm x 40mm
16
Note 5
Note 6
Vibration Measurement Instruments
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS VIBER X1™
Technical data VIBER-A+™
INPUT
SENSITIVITY:
Hz. +™.
Note
1. Frequency range100mV/g
dependingcalibrated
on versionatof156.15
the VIBER-A
MEASURING RANGE:
Velocity: 0-200 mm/s RMS
Note 2. Maximum
depending
FREQUENCY
RANGE: frequency
Total level
2-3200 on
Hztransducer.
Adjustable filters: 2-10, 1000 - maximum
Note 3. Full scale is 199,9
Hz mm/s for vibration.
Note 4. Over 0,05 gBCBearing condition 500 Hz – 20 kHz
WEIGHT:
270 gram with accelerometer and
Note 5. External charged
NiMH AAA can be used.
batteries
The measurement mainly follows
Note 6. Instrument, including
battery and transducer.
ISO10816-3.
ACCURACY*:
Better than +/- 3 %
* This value can be higher, close to the filters cut off frequency.
Obs.
You should avoid using other accelerometers because of instrument
calibration.
If you BATTERY
TYPE:
3 pc of AAA
Rechargeable
change the accelerometer, the instrument VIBRATION
TRANSDUCER*
must be calibrated to preserve the accuracy.
The accelerometer VMI 192 has a sensitivity 100mV/g +/-10%.
MAGNET SUPPORT
Length: 20mm, Diameter: 15mm, Magnet force: about 14kg
Note!
You must avoid to use other accelerometers bacause of the calibration.
If you change accelerometer the instrument must be calibrated to
preserve the accuracy.
17
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Technical specifications for VMI 192
Technical specifications for VMI 192
Sensitivity (+/-10%)
100mV/g
Sensitivity
(+/-10%)
Frequency
response 100mV/g
(±3dB) 0.4–13000Hz
Frequency response
(±3dB) 0.4–13000Hz
(±10%) 1.0-9000Hz
(±10%)±80
1.0-9000Hz
Dynamic Range
g, peak
Dynamic
Rangeresonance
±80 g, 26000Hz
peak
Internal
InternalSettling
resonance
26000Hz
time
<2 Seconds
SettlingBias
timeVoltage
<2 Seconds
10-14VDC
Bias Voltage
10-14VDC
Temperature range
-50 to 121 °C
Temperature
rangeShock Protection
-50 to 121
Maximum
5000°Cg, peak
• We reserve the right to modify or improve the designs or
Maximum
Shock
Protection
5000
g,
peak
Electromagnetic
Sensitivity
CE-Certifi
ed
specifications of our products at any time without notice.
Electromagnetic
Sensitivity
CE-Certifi
ed
Weight (without
magnet)
51 grams
WeightDeclaration
(without magnet)
51 grams
Mounting
stud
M6 Adapter stud
of conformity
Mounting
stud Torque
M6 Adapter
Mounting
2.7-6.8stud
Nm
Mounting
2.7-6.8 Nm in conformity
VMITorque
declares that the Viber-A+ ™ is manufactured
•
•
We reserveand
the right
to modify or improve
the designs or
with
national
international
regulations.
specifi
cations
of our or
products
at the
anydesigns
without
notice.
WeThe
reserve
the right
to modify
improve
oraccording
system
complies
with,
and
is time
tested
specifications of our products at any time without notice.
requirements:
to, following
EMC
Directive:
2004/108/EC
Declaration
of conformity
Low Voltage
Directive: 2006/95/EC
Declaration
of conformity
8VMI
August
2011 that the Viber X1™ is manufactured in conformity with national an
declares
VMI declares
that theregulations.
Viber X1™ is manufactured in conformity with national and
international
international
regulations.
The system
complies with, and is tested according to, following requirements:
The system complies with, and is tested according to, following requirements:
EMC Directive:
EMC Directive:
Low Voltage Directive:
Low Voltage Directive:
2004/108/EC
2004/108/EC
2006/95/EC
2006/95/EC
8 August 2011
8 August
2011 Measurement Instrument International AB
Vibration
(VMI)
Vibration Measurement Instrument International
AB
(VMI)
18
Vibration Measurement Instruments
Warranty
Warrantydisclaimer
disclaimer
VMI
VMI warrants
warrants the
the products
products to
to be
be free
free from
from defects
defects in
in material
material and
and workmanship
workmanship
under
normal
use
and
service
within
two
years
from
the
date
of
purchase
and
which
under normal use and service within 2 years from the date of purchase
and
which
from
from our
our examination
examination shall
shall disclose
disclose to
to our
our reasonable
reasonable satisfaction
satisfaction to
to be
be defective.
defective.
Warranty
Warranty claimed
claimed products
products shall
shall be
be returned
returned prepaid
prepaid to
to VMI
VMI for
for service.
service. We
We reserve
reserve
the
right
to
repair
or
to
replace
defective
products.
Always
try
to
explain
the
the right to repair or to replace defective products. Always try to explain the nature
nature
of
by filling
e-mailin
orthe
telephone.
Check
rstwebsite
all natural
problems,
of any
any service
service problem;
problem by
form found
on fi
the
www.vmiab.com
like
empty
batteries,
broken
cables,
etc.
If
returning
the
product,
be
sure
to indicate
and attach it in an email to VMI. Check first all natural problems, like empty
battethat
purpose
is toetc.
make
repairs and
invoice number
ries,the
broken
cables,
If returning
theindicate
product,the
beoriginal
sure to indicate
that the and
purpose
date
of
shipment.
is to make repairs and indicate the original invoice number and date of shipment.
Warranty
Warrantyexclusions
exclusions
Damage
Damage not
not resulting
resulting from
from aa defect
defect in
in material
material or
or workmanship
workmanship or
or by
by other
other than
than
normal
normal use.
use. Damage
Damage resulting
resulting from
from repairs
repairs performed
performed other
other than
than by
by an
an authorized
authorized
service
centre.
The
limited
two
year
warranty
and
remedies
contained
herein
service center. The limited two year warranty and remedies contained herein are
are in
in
lieu
of
all
other
warranties,
expressed
or
implied
including
any
warranty
of
merlieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied including any warranty of merchantability
tness for
chantability and
and any
any warranty
warranty of
of fifitness
for aa particular
particular purpose,
purpose, and
and all
all other
other remremeedies,
obligations
or
liabilities
on
our
part.
In
addition,
we
hereby
disclaim
liability
dies, obligations or liabilities on our part. In addition, we hereby disclaim liability
for
for consequential
consequential damages
damages for
for breach
breach of
of any
any expressed
expressed or
or implied
implied warranty,
warranty, incluincluding
any implied
warranty
of merchantability
and implied
any implied
warranty
of
ding any implied
warranty
of merchantability
and any
warranty
of fitness
fifor
tness
for
a
particular
purpose.
The
duration
of
any
implied
warranty
which
might
a particular purpose. The duration of any implied warranty which might exist by
exist
by operation
of law
be to
limited
to one
year
date of original
operation
of law shall
be shall
limited
one year
from
thefrom
date the
of original
retail retail
purchase.
purchase.
NOTE:
NOTE: Some
Some countries
countries do
do not
not allow
allow the
the exclusion
exclusion or
or limitation
limitation of
of consequential
consequential
damages,
and
some
countries
do
not
allow
limitation
on
how
long
damages, and some countries do not allow limitation on how long an
an implied
implied
warranty
warranty lasts,
lasts, so
so the
the above
above exclusions
exclusions or
or limitations
limitations may
may not
not apply
apply to
to you.
you. This
This
warranty
gives
you
specifi
c
legal
rights
and
you
may
also
have
other
rights
warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights that
that
vary
vary from
from country
country to
to country.
country. IfIf you
you have
have problems
problems with
with your
your instrument
instrument during
during or
or
after
rst contact
after the
the warranty
warranty period,
period, fifirst
contact your
your distributor
distributor you
you purchased
purchased the
the unit
unit from.
from.
19
VMI International AB
Sweden • www.vmiab.com