The French and Indian War
Adapted from www.worldofteaching.com
Chief Pontiac
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“These lakes, these
woods and mountains
were left to us by our
ancestors. They are our
inheritance and we will
part with them to no one
… You ought to know
that He, the Great Spirit
and Master of Life, has
provided food for us in
these spacious lakes and
on the woody mountains”
(Chief of the Ottawa)
The French and Indian War
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1754 to 1763
between France and England
Part of the Seven Years War
Algonquins on the side of the French
Iroquois on the side of the English
The main cause was fashionable hats.
Another cause was too many forts.
The spark was colonial friction, such as
the attack on Forts Duquesne by (then)
young (then) Major Washington in 1753.
The French and Indian War
Braddock Marches to Duquesne
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June 1755: Braddock sets out from
Virginia
1,400 red-coated British troops & 600
blue-coated colonial militia
Braddock’s army took several weeks to
trek through dense forest to Fort
Duquesne
They fought in traditional European style
They were unable to adjust to the
environment
British Lose to French and Indians During March to
Duquesne
William Trent’s Journal
Map of Fort Duquesne/Pitt
The French and Indian War
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1756-7: The first years of the war went
terribly for the British and their American
colonies
The French captured large sections of
land, killing settlers, burned farmhouses
and crops, and chased many families back
to the coast
1758-60: William Pitt becomes military
leader of the British, and decides to solve
the problem by outspending the French,
using money he unfortunately did not
have.
The French and Indian War
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The French and Indian War
The Victory of England
1759: British general James Wolfe finds a
way to attack the capital of New France
Quebec
His troops find a way up the cliff, and
attack and win by surprise. Both French
and British commanders died on the
battlefield.
1760: The British blockade and capture
the French port of Montreal at the mouth
of the St. Lawrence River
Most fighting ends in 1760.
The Plains of Abraham
The French and Indian War
The Treaty of Paris
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1763: The Treaty of Paris marked the end of
France as a power in North America
The continent was now divided between Great
Britain and Spain with the Mississippi River
marking the boundary
Huge debts by the British needed to be paid off.
The Native Americans were left out of the
treaty.
Colonists begin to move west.
1763-6: Pontiac’s War
Proclamation of 1763: No settlement west of
the Appalachian Mountains
After the French and Indian War