Name: __________________________________________________ Date: _______________________ Period:___________ Human Body Unit Review Worksheet | Part I Directions: Treat this like a test and answer as much as you can without ANY help. See how much you actually know by highlighting/starring what you don’t (yes, you have to do this and I will be looking for it). Spend most your time reviewing what is highlighted/starred. Levels of Organization & Homeostasis 1. Place the levels of organization in order, from largest to smallest, use the respiratory system as an ex. _________________>_________________>_________________>_________________>_________________ 2. In what process do stem cells commit to becoming a certain cell type? _________________________ a. What process do they obtain their specialized structures? ______________________________ 3. Put the following mixed up steps of a control system in the correct order (from 1 to 5). ________ Target cells react, or change. ________ The nervous system (communication system) sends the message from the control center to the target cells. ________ Sensory organs/Receptors detect stimuli and gather data. ________ The control center (brain) receives the impulse/message. ________ The nervous system (communication system) sends the impulse/message to the control center. 4. Draw and or explain an example of each: ‐‐ Negative‐‐ Feedback +Positive+ Feedback 5. Feedback loops are important in maintaining ____________________________________________________. 6. Define thermoregulation: ____________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________. 7. Why is homeostasis important? _______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Senses 8. Label the parts of the eye: a._______________
e._______________
d.______________ f._________________
b.______________
c._________________
9. Which part of the eye contains photoreceptors? __________________________________________________ a. Which photoreceptors detect color? _______________ b. Absence of light?______________________ 10. What part of the eye controls the amount of light that enters the eye? ________________________________ d._________________
11. Label the parts of the ear: c._______________
a._______________
b.________________ (3 bones included): _____________________
_____________________
_____________________ 12. What structure carries the impulse to the brain for interpretation (sound)? ____________________________ 13. Which part amplifies the sound waves? _________________________________________________________ 14. Where are the mechanoreceptors located? What are they and what do they do? __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. What do chemoreceptors detect? Where can they be found? _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 16. What structure carries impulses generated in the nose to the brain for interpretation? __________________________________________________________________________________________ The Nervous System 17. Label the parts of a neuron: b.____________________
a._________________ c._______________
d._________________
18. What are the two parts of the Nervous System; what do they consist of? _________________________________________ & __________________________________________ 19. When a neuron is at rest, it is called the __________________________ ___________________________. 20. When a neuron is at rest, what is the overall charge inside the cell? __________________________________ a. What is the overall charge outside the cell? _________________________________ 21. When a neuron as a moving electrical impulse, it is called the ___________________ __________________. 22. (Fill in the blanks) During an action potential, _________________(element) rushes in, and _______________ (element) leaves the cell via sodium/potassium pumps. This changes the charge from ___________________ to ______________________ inside the neuron. 23. What is the gap between neurons called? ________________________________________________ 24. What happens when an electrical impulse reaches the terminal? What crosses the “gap”? ________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Endocrine System 25. True/False (circle one): The endocrine is a physically connected network of organs. Explain your answer choice: ___________________________________________________________________________________ 26. Compare and contrast steroid vs. non steroid hormones. Steroid Non‐steroid 27. Label the organs of the endocrine system: 28. How do hormones travel? ____________________________________________________________________ 29. Which gland connects the endocrine and nervous systems? _________________________________________ 30. Match the gland with the proper hormone/function: ______ Ovaries ______ Testes ______ Pituitary ______ Thymus ______ Pancreas ______ Thyroid ______ Hypothalamus a. Controls glucose levels in blood. Releases insulin and/or glucagon (sugars). b. Stimulates the pituitary glands and controls growth, reproduction, and body temperature. c. Controls [H2O] in the blood & controls cell growth. d. Regulates metabolism, growth, & development. e. Allows WBC’s to mature. f. Primarily releases testosterone and is responsible for male sexual maturity. g. Releases epinephrine and increases breathing, alertness, and blood pressure. h. Primarily releases estrogen and progesterone; also, regulates female sexual maturity. ______ Adrenal Glands 31. You are a Doctor and have a 54 yr. old female patient whose blood glucose levels are not normal. She is beginning to lose sensation in her feet and toes. She is experiencing a ___________________‐term disruption in homeostasis, where her ________________________(gland) is not functioning properly. It is likely that this patient has _________________________________(disease).