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migration
and
hibernation
teacher’s guide
Editors:
Brian A. Jerome Ph.D.
Stephanie Zak Jerome
Assistant Editors:
Louise Marrier
Josh Hummel
Graphics:
Fred Thodal
a message from our company | viewing clearances | use and copyright
a message from our company . . .
Visual Learning is a Vermont-based, family owned company specializing in
the creation of science programs. As former classroom science teachers,
we have designed our programs to meet the needs and interests of both
students and teachers. Our mission is to help educators and students meet
educational goals while experiencing the thrill of science!
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Duplication rights are available, but must be negotiated with visual learning
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use and copyright
The purchase of this video program entitles the user the right to reproduce or
duplicate, in whole or in part, this teacher’s guide and the black line master
handouts for the purpose of teaching in conjunction with this video, migration
and hibernation. The right is restricted only for use with this video program.
Any reproduction or duplication, in whole or in part, of this guide and student
masters for any purpose other than for use with this video program is
prohibited.
The video and this teacher’s guide are the exclusive property of the copyright
holder. Copying, transmitting, or reproducing in any form, or by any means,
without prior written permission from the copyright holder is prohibited (Title
17, U.S. Code Sections 501 and 506).
2
Copyright © 2012
ISBN 1-59234-768-1
migration and
hibernation
index
teacher’s guide
a message from our company
2
viewing clearances
2
use and copyright
2
student learning objectives
4
assessment
4
introducing the program
5
program viewing suggestions
5
literature connections
5
key vocabulary
6
video script
6
answer key to student assessments
9
answer key to student activities
9
student activities
what do you know now?
10
what have you learned?
11
video review
12
video quiz
12
migration
13
a long trip
14
animals adjust
15
migration and
hibernation
3
student learning objectives | assessment
student learning objectives
Upon viewing the video and completing the enclosed student activities,
students will be able to do the following:
1  Describe
migration as the seasonal movement of animals from place to
place.
2  Understand that animals migrate to different places because it makes
survival easier.
3  Cite an example of an animal that migrates. Describe when it migrates,
and why it migrates.
4  List some examples of animals that hibernate.
5  Describe the process of hibernation. Explain why some animals
hibernate.
6  Explain that an adaptation is a characteristic that helps a living thing
survive.
7  Provide an example of a living thing that does not migrate or hibernate.
Then describe an adaptation it has that enables it to survive.
assessment
what do you know now? (p. 10):
This preliminary assessment is an assessment tool designed to gain an
understanding of students’ preexisting knowledge. It can also be used as a
benchmark upon which to assess student progress based on the objectives
stated on the previous pages.
what have you learned? (p. 11):
This post assessment can be utilized as an assessment tool following
student completion of the program and student activities. The results of
this assessment can be compared against the results of the preliminary
assessment to assess student progress.
video review (p. 12):
The video review can be used as an assessment tool or as a student activity.
There are two sections. The first part contains questions displayed during
the program. The second part consists of a five-question video quiz to be
answered at the end of the video.
4
migration and
hibernation
Before showing the video to students ask them if they have ever seen animals
such as monarch butterflies, geese, or different birds migrating. Write the term
“migration” on the board. Make a list of animals that migrate. Ask students
when some of these animals migrate. Then discuss some of the reasons why
these animals migrate.
Next, ask students where animals such as frogs, snakes, and bears go in places
where winters are cold and snowy. Explain to students that these animals
hibernate. Write the term “hibernation” on the board. Discuss some of the
reasons animals hibernate. Tell students to pay close attention to the video to
learn more about migration and hibernation.
program viewing suggestions
The student master “video review” is provided (p. 12) for distribution to students.
You may choose to have your students complete this master while viewing the
program or do so upon its conclusion.
The program is approximately 10 to 12 minutes in length and includes a fivequestion video quiz. Answers are not provided to the video quiz in the video, but
are included in this guide on page 9. You may choose to grade student quizzes
as an assessment tool or to review the answers in class.
introducing the program | program viewing suggestions | literature connections
introducing the program
The video is content-rich with numerous vocabulary words. For this reason you
may want to periodically stop the video to review and discuss new terminology
and concepts.
literature connections
Berkes, Marianne. Going Home: The Mystery of Animal Migration.
California: Dawn Publishing, 2010.
Dunphy, Madeleine. The Peregrine’s Journey: A Story of Migration.
California: Web of Life Children’s Books, 2008.
Fleming, Denise. Time to Sleep. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 2001.
Nelson, Robin. Hibernation. Minnesota: Lerner Classroom, 2010.
migration and
hibernation
5
key vocabulary |video script
key
vocabulary
migration
survive
sleep
hibernation
adaptation
video script
1
01 
introduction
02  Have
you ever noticed geese flying south in the fall?
going to a warmer place to spend the winter, where it’s easier for
them to live.
04  This process is called migration.
05  What exactly is migration?
06  What are some of the animals that migrate?
07  And why do they migrate?
08  Not all animals migrate. Instead some hibernate.
09  What exactly is hibernation?
10  What are some of the animals that hibernate, and why do they hibernate?
11  During the next few minutes we’re going to answer these interesting questions
as we explore migration and hibernation.
03  They’re
2
12 
what is migration?
13  These
large beautiful birds are called Sandhill Cranes.
14  They’re in the middle of a long journey between the Gulf of Mexico and
northern North America.
15  They’re migrating. Migration is the seasonal movement of animals from place
to place.
you 16  Why do you think these birds migrate?
decide 17  These birds migrate because it’s easier for them to live and survive in another
6
place during certain times of the year.
18  This hummingbird, for example, migrates thousands of kilometers to a warmer
place for the winter.
19  Food is easier to find where it’s warmer.
20  Even these monarch butterflies on the west coast of North America migrate
thousands of kilometers to Mexico where it’s warmer for them to spend the
winter months.
21  These elk in Colorado also migrate, but a much smaller distance.
22  In the warmer summer months the elk easily find food in high mountain
meadows.
migration and
hibernation
in the fall as the weather cools they migrate to lower, warmer valleys.
valley location helps them avoid deep winter snows that make finding
food difficult.
25  There are several reasons that animals migrate, the main reason is to help
them survive.
video script
23  But,
24  This
3
you
observe
4
26 
what is hibernation?
27  We’ve
just seen how some animals migrate to warmer places in the winter.
28  But some animals have a different way of dealing with the cold winter season.
They hibernate.
29  Describe
what this bear is doing.
30  That’s right, it’s sleeping.
31  Animals that hibernate, such as bears, snakes, and turtles go into a kind of
deep sleep in a spot protected from the harsh weather.
32  During hibernation their heart rate and breathing rate slow down.
33  Some animals that hibernate such as turtles, frogs, and snakes don’t move or
eat for months at a time.
34  When the weather warms they come out of hibernation.
35  Other animals that hibernate, such as bears, do occasionally wake up when
the weather warms.
36  Some bears even give birth to their cubs while hibernating.
37  Hibernation is important to many animals because it allows them to sleep
through the months when food is hard to find.
38 
animals adjusting
39  Some
animals don’t migrate or hibernate. Instead, they stay active in the
winter.
40  How do they do this?
41  They’re able to stay active in the winter because they have certain
adaptations that help them adjust to the colder winter weather.
42  An adaptation is a characteristic that helps a living thing to survive.
43  Deer, for example, have fur that helps keep them warm.
44  Many birds can adjust their diet to live off foods they can find in the winter.
45  Snowshoe hares have wide feet that help them walk on top of the snow
without sinking in.
46  They also change color from grey to white to help them blend in with snow so
predators can’t see them as easily. These are all examples of adaptations.
47  Animals that stay active in the winter have many adaptations that help them
adjust their lives so they can stay warm, find food, and survive.
migration and
hibernation
7
video script
5
6
8
48 
Video Review
49  During
the past few minutes we explored migration and hibernation.
50  We began by discussing migration as the seasonal movement of animals
from place to place.
51  We saw how migration helps animals to survive, making their lives easier.
52  Next, the process of hibernation was investigated.
53  Some of the ways animals enter a long sleep-like state were described.
54  Hibernation also helps animals survive, but in a different way than
migration.
55  Last, we saw how some animals have adaptations that enable them to
adjust to changing conditions such as winter.
56  This completed our fascinating exploration of migration and hibernation.
57 
Video Quiz
58  Fill
in the correct word to complete the sentence.
59  1. ___ is the seasonal movement of animals.
60  2. Animals migrate because it’s easier for them to ___.
61  3. Animals enter something like a deep ____ when they hibernate.
62  4. This deer does not hibernate because it ___ to winter.
63  5. The thick, warm fur on this animal is a type of ____.
migration and
hibernation
what do you know now? (p.10)
1  migration
2  south
3  survive
4  deep sleep
5  snake
6  food
7  deer
8  active
9  adaptation
10  stay warm
video review (p. 12)
1  These birds migrate because it’s easier for
them to live and survive in another place
during certain times of the year.
2  The bear is hibernating.
what have you learned? (p. 11)
1  adaptation
2  food
3  migration
4  survive
5  active
6  stay warm
7  south
8  deep sleep
9  deer
10  snake
video quiz (p. 12)
1  migration
2  survive
3  sleep
4  adjusts
5  adaptation
answer key to student activities
migration (p. 13)
1  Canada geese migrate within North America
answer key to student assessments | answer key to student activities
answer key to student assessments
a long trip (p. 14)
from as far north as the tundra to as far south
as Florida.
2  Hummingbirds often migrate huge distances.
They migrate as far south as Central America to
as far north as Alaska.
animals adjust (p. 15)
1  Deer have thick fur. They also
have sharp hooves that help them
dig for food in snow.
2  Squirrels have thick fur. They
also store nuts they eat in winter
months.
3  Many songbirds have the ability to
adjust their diet to eat foods more
readily available in winter.
migration and
hibernation
9
what do you
know now?
Name:
Select the best answer for each of the
following questions.
1
The seasonal movement of
animals is:
6
ice
snow
ice cream
food
hibernation
migration
evolution
escaping
2
In fall in North America geese
migrate from north to:
7
Animals migrate because it’s
easier for them to:
8
Animals that hibernate go into a
type of:
9
Which of the following animals
hibernates?
hawk
Canada goose
chickadee
snake
10 | migration and hibernatiion
A characteristic that helps an
animal survive is called an:
adaptation
emotion
infection
invention
deep sleep
active state
playful state
trance
5
Some animals don’t hibernate or
migrate. In winter they are:
sleeping
resting
hibernating
active
think
move
survive
swim
4
Which of the following animals
does not hibernate?
turtle
deer
snake
bear
north
east
west
south
3
Many animals hibernate in winter
because it’s hard to find:
10
Animals that are active in winter
have adaptations that help them:
cool off
freeze
stay warm
swim
visual learning systems
what have you
learned?
Name:
Select the best answer for each of the
following questions.
1
A characteristic that helps an
animal survive is called an:
6
cool off
freeze
stay warm
swim
adaptation
emotion
infection
invention
2
Many animals hibernate in winter
because it’s hard to find:
7
The seasonal movement of
animals is:
8
Animals migrate because it’s
easier for them to:
9
Some animals don’t hibernate or
migrate. In winter they are:
sleeping
resting
hibernating
active
visual learning systems
Which of the following animals
does not hibernate?
turtle
deer
snake
bear
think
move
survive
swim
5
Animals that hibernate go into a
type of:
deep sleep
active state
playful state
trance
hibernation
migration
evolution
escaping
4
In fall in North America geese
migrate from north to:
north
east
west
south
ice
snow
ice cream
food
3
Animals that are active in winter
have adaptations that help them:
10
Which of the following animals
hibernates?
hawk
Canada goose
chickadee
snake
migration and hibernation | 11
video review
Name:
you decide
Why do you think these birds migrate?
you observe
Describe what this bear is doing.
video quiz
_____________ is the seasonal movement of
animals.
Animals migrate because it’s easier for them
to ________________.
Animals enter something like a deep
_____________ when they hibernate.
This deer does not hibernate because it
______________ to winter.
The thick, warm fur on this animal is a type of
___________________.
12 | migration and hibernatiion
visual learning systems
migration
Name:
Migration is the seasonal movement of animals from place to place.
Some animals travel great distances when they migrate. Below are
pictures of two animals that migrate. Describe where they migrate to and
from.
1
2
visual learning systems
migration and hibernation | 13
a long trip
Name:
Directions: Follow along as your teacher reads you the story of a bird called the
red knot.
Some migrating animals travel between breeding grounds and
their winter habitats. Some animals migrate relatively short
distances, such as horseshoe crabs. Some birds, like the red
knot, migrate long distances.
The red knot is a small shorebird about the size of a robin. Every year these birds
fly 20,000 miles roundtrip. They migrate between their winter habitats and their
summer breeding grounds.
The red knot spends the winter months in southern South America in Argentina.
During the months of April or May the birds begin their 10,000 mile northern
journey. Along the way they may only stop two or three times! One common stop is
on the Delaware Bay. Here they eat horseshoe crab eggs for energy.
They then continue on for about 1,000 miles to Canada. Many nesting sites can be
found in the Nunavut area along the Hudson Bay. Here the female lays her eggs.
When the chicks are born, the female begins the long flight back to her wintering
grounds. The males stay back with newborn chicks for a few weeks. Then the
newborn birds take the long 10,000 mile trip all on their own a few weeks later.
Directions: Follow the migration route of the red knot. Label Argentina, Delaware,
and the Hudson Bay.
14 | migration and hibernatiion
visual learning systems
animals adjust
Name:
Many animals don’t migrate or hibernate in winter. Insead they remain
active. They adjust to the cold weather. To help them adjust they have
certain adaptations, An adaptation is a characteristic that helps an animal
survive.
Directions: Below are pictures of animals that are active in winter.
Describe one of their adaptations that help them survive in winter.
1
2
3
visual learning systems
migration and hibernation | 15