South
America
pg. 520 (5th)
pg. 523 (6th)
Venezuela
• Rich in Oil
– Lake Maracaibo
– Called “Little Venice” …
pg. 572 (5th)
pg. 574 (6th)
Caracas
pg. 572 (5th)
pg. 574 (6th)
• 8 miles Inland…
• 3000’…
Caracas
Guiana Highlands
• Flat Topped Mtns
• “Tepuis”
pg. 525 (5th)
pg. 528 (6th)
Tepuis of the Guiana Highlands
Tepuis
• “Islands in
the Sky”
• Unique
Species
Tall Waterfalls
• Angel Falls
• 3200’…
pg. 572 (5th)
pg. 574 (6th)
Guianas
• Guyana
– British…
• Suriname
– Dutch…
pg. 572 (5th)
pg. 574 (6th)
• French Guiana
pg. 532 (5th)
pg. 533 (6th)
Colombia
• Andes Mtns
• Bogotá
– Capital
– 8000’
• Always cool temp.
pg. 525 (5th)
pg. 528 (6th)
Bogotá
• Main Product?
• Flowers for…
Colombia
• Medellin
– 5000’
– Top Legal Crop…
• Other Crops?
– Marijuana
– Coca
pg. 575 (5th)
pg. 576 (6th)
Colombia
• Tropical Rainforests
– Pacific Coast
– East = Amazon Rainforest
pg. 526 (5th)
pg. 529 (6th)
Ecuador
4 Regions
1. Coastal Lowland
2. Andes
3. Eastern Lowland
4. Galapagos Islands
pg. 525 (5th)
pg. 528 (6th)
Ecuador
1. Coastal Lowland
Guayaquil…
Main Crop?
pg. 577 (5th)
pg. 578 (6th)
Bananas
2. Andes
• Volcanoes
Andes
• Quito, capital
– 9000’
Quito

Mitad Del Mundo
Andes
• Mainly Indigenous Pop.
3. Eastern Lowland
• Amazon Rainforest
• Oil
pg. 526 (5th)
pg. 529 (6th)
4. Galapagos Islands
• Dry, Volcanic
Unique
Animals
• “Galapagos” = “Tortoises”
• Charles Darwin, 1830s
– Origin of Species
Penguins
Blue-Footed Booby
Marine Iguana
Peru
3 Regions
1. Dry Coastal Lowland
2. Andes
3. Eastern Rainforest
pg. 525 (5th)
pg. 528 (6th)
Coastal Lowland
pg. 577 (5th)
pg. 578 (6th)
• Cool, Foggy Desert
– Due to Peru Ocean Current
• Cold Water from…
• Ocean Cools the Air
– Fog, but no clouds
– Lima
• ½” Rain/Yr
Lima
Peru Ocean Current
• Commercial Fishing - Xlnt
– Anchovies
• Livestock Feed
• Sea Birds
– Guano
» Fertilizer
Peru Current
pg. 577 (5th)
pg. 578 (6th)
• El Niño
– Every 4-6 yrs
– Warm Water from…
• Effects:
– Climate…
– Fishing…
Andes of Peru
• Inca Empire (1200-1535)
pg. 530 (5th)
pg. 533 (6th)
Andes of Peru
• Inca Capital = Cusco
• Near Cusco…
pg. 577 (5th)
pg. 578 (6th)
Machu Picchu
• Abandoned, Unconquered Inca City
– Tourism now
Inca Agriculture
• Potatoes
• Livestock?
– Llamas & Alpacas
Indigenous Pop.
• Quechua Language
LAKE TITICACA
• On Border of
Peru/Bolivia
• 12,500’
pg. 577 (5th)
pg. 578 (6th)
Lake Titicaca
Peru’s Eastern Lowland
• Amazon Rainforest
• Oil
pg. 526 (5th)
pg. 529 (6th)
Eastern Peru
• Iquitos
– On Amazon River
– Largest city…
Bolivia
• 55% Indigenous
• Highest % in Lat. Am.
Bolivia
• Andes in the West
pg. 525 (5th)
pg. 528 (6th)
La Paz
• 12,000’
• Highest Capital
City…
• 45-55F in daytime
pg. 577 (5th)
pg. 578 (6th)
Coca
• Leaves Chewed
– Stimulant…
• Coca  Cocaine
Brazil
• Language…
Brazilians
• 40% African ancestry
Brazilians
• Mostly European
Brazilians
• 0.2% Indigenous
– Mostly in Amazon
Northeast Brazil
• 1st European Settlers
– Salvador
• Colonial Capital
• Focus of Slave Trade
pg. 581 (5th)
pg. 582 (6th)
Salvador
Brazil’s Coast
• Tropical Rainforest
– 95% Cut Down
– For Sugar Cane
Plantations
• Ethanol
pg. 525 (5th)
pg. 529 (6th)
Rio de
Janeiro
• Brazil’s
#2 City
• 2014…
• 2016…
• Carnival
pg. 581 (5th)
pg. 582 (6th)
Carnival
• Festival in…
(Mardi Gras)
Rio De Janeiro – One of the World’s
Most Beautiful Cities
Brazilian
Highlands
• São
Paulo
• Brasilia
• Iguaçu
Falls
pg. 525 (5th)
pg. 528 (6th)
São Paulo
pg. 581 (5th)
pg. 582 (6th)
• 2500’
• Largest
City…
• Economic
Center…
• Agriculture
– Coffee
– Japanese
Brasilia
• Capital Since 1960
Iguaçu Falls
• Border of Bra/Arg
Iguaçu Falls
Amazon
Rainforest
• Wild Rubber, 1800s
• Manaus
• 15-20% Deforested
– Cattle Ranching
ARGENTINA
• High Standard of Living
• 85% White
– Many Italian immigrants
ARGENTINA
• Pampa Region
– Flat, Grassland
• Also Uru & So. Bra.
– Xlnt Soil & Ag.
– Buenos Aires in center
pg. 589 (5th)
pg. 590 (6th)
Pampa
• Major Food Exports
– Wheat, Beef
– Cowboy…
• Gaucho
Andes
• Along Arg/Chi border
• X Tall
– Aconcagua
– 22,800’
pg. 589 (5th)
pg. 590 (6th)
Aconcagua
• Highest Mtn…
Patagonia
• So. Arg.
• Cold Desert
– Leeward Side…
pg. 19 (5th)
pg. 24 (6th)
pg. 589 (5th)
pg. 590 (6th)
Patagonian Andes
Tierra del Fuego
• Divided – Chile/Arg
• Access to…
pg. 589 (5th)
pg. 590 (6th)
ANTARCTICA
ANTARCTIC
PENGUINS
Chile
• Latitudes like Baja CA  Alaska
–
–
–
–
Desert in North
Mediterranean Env. In Middle
Forests in South
Glaciers in Southern Mtns.
pg. 526 (5th)
pg. 529 (6th)
Northern Chile
• Atacama Desert
– Cool, Foggy
– Rain…
• Mining
– Copper
• Top Producer in World
• Accident/Rescue in 2010
pg. 589 (5th)
pg. 590 (6th)
Middle Chile
• Mediterranean Climate
• Santiago
– 34oS Latitude (LA = 34oN)
– Inland Mtns (Andes)
• Warm, dry summer (Dec-Mar)
pg. 589 (5th)
pg. 590 (6th)
Middle Chile
• Xlnt Farming
– Like Calif.
– Fruits/Veg
• Grapes
• Exported to USA in…
Southern Chile
• South of Puerto Montt
• Fjorded Coastline
– Like Norway
pg. 589 (5th)
pg. 590 (6th)
So. Chile
• Cool & Rainy
• Forests
Punta Arenas
• On Strait of Magellan
– Separates S. Am. and
Tierra del Fuego
pg. 589 (5th)
pg. 590 (6th)
Punta Arenas
Strait of Magellan
Punta Arenas
• Tourism to…
Torres del Paine Nat’l Park
• Magnificent Nature***
• Jagged Mtns.
Torres del Paine Wildlife
Andean Condor
Torres del Paine Wildlife
• Rhea bird
Guanacos
Torres del Paine
• Waterfalls
Torres del
Paine N.P.
• Glaciers