English 10 Day 3
Organizing Ideas
​
(1)​
Neil Armstrong's legacy will be forever tied to the fact that he was the first man to walk on the moon; however, the feat also pales in comparison to some of his earlier adventures. ​
(2)​
Armstrong was also a naval pilot who had flown in over 78 combat missions during the Korean War. ​
(3)​
During one of these missions, a cable cut off part of the wing on his jet. ​
(4)​
He attended Purdue University after the war and received his degree in aeronautical engineering. ​
(5)​
Afterwards, he spent seven years as a test pilot at Edwards Air Force base, flying the experimental X­15 plane 4,000 mph. ​
(6)​
He then became the first civilian to be granted access to the astronaut corps in 1962.​
(7)​
He commanded the Gemini 8 mission in 1966. ​
(8)​
Then, something went wrong. ​
(9)​
Finally, after the technical problems were fixed, Armstrong realized his dream and became the first man to step foot on the Moon. ​
(10)​
Armstrong docked with an Agena rocket, but during the maneuver, a bad thruster made the spacecraft tumble. ​
(11)​
Armstrong was able to free Gemini from the Agena, but he used 75 percent of the spacecraft's fuel and was forced to return to Earth. ​
(12)​
However, his 1969 Moon landing went better by comparison despite a few minor technical glitches with an overloaded computer. 1.​
Which of these sentences could be added to the end of the first paragraph (sentences
1–3) to support the ideas in that paragraph?
A. He coaxed the damaged jet back over safe territory and parachuted to safety. B. NASA stands for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. C. Neil Armstrong spoke the now famous words, "That's one small step for man; one giant leap for mankind." D. Buzz Aldrin was the second human being to step foot on the Moon. Organizing Ideas
2.​
How is the passage above organized?
A. chronologically B. alphabetically C. by topic D. randomly Organizing Ideas
3.​
What is the most effective way to improve the organization of the third paragraph
(sentences 9-12)?
A. Place sentence 9 at the end of the paragraph. B. Delete sentence 12. C. Place sentence 10 after sentence 11. D. Place sentence 11 at the beginning of the paragraph. Organizing Ideas
​
(1)​
Galileo used a telescope to prove Copernicus' theory that the Earth was not the center of the universe. ​
(2)​
Galileo also made an important discovery before inventing the telescope. ​
(3)​
He proved that heavy objects fall as fast as lighter objects. ​
(4)​
Legend says that he went to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa and dropped a small and a large object. ​
(5)​
To his surprise, they both hit the ground at the same time. ​
(6)​
Some historians believe that this experiment never took place at the Leaning Tower of Pisa. ​
(7)​
He was forced into house arrest for the rest of his life. ​
(8)​
Later, he died in 1642, the year that Newton was born. ​
(9)​
As one genius left the world, he was replaced by another genius. ​
(10)​
The world was not ready to accept the new ideas put forth by science. ​
(11)​
At the same time, more observations and experiments were needed. ​
(12)​
Years before, Giordano Bruno had been a backer of Copernicus' theory of the Earth not being the center of the universe. ​
(13)​
For supporting Copernicus, Bruno was burned at the stake because his ideas were considered heretical. ​
(14)​
Later, Galileo used his telescope to find that Venus had phases like the Moon, and this proved that it revolved around the Sun and not the Earth. ​
(15)​
This discovery earned him the privilege of being tortured in order to renounce Copernicus' theory. 4.​
Which of these sentences could be added to the end of the second paragraph (sentences
4–6) to support the ideas in that paragraph?
A. Galileo was born in 1564 in Pisa, Italy, and died in 1642 near Florence, Italy. B. Galileo found that four moons revolved around Jupiter, proving that at least four heavenly bodies did not revolve around the Earth. C. The Catholic Church did not tolerate scientists that contradicted its dogma. D. Galileo did conduct experiments and made theoretical arguments proving that all weights fall at the same speed, apart from air resistance. Introducing and Closing Topics
5.
Directions: Select the correct text in the passage.
Which of the following sentences ​
best​
introduces the topic of government aid to citizens
during the Dust Bowl?
The Dust Bowl
(1) The Dust Bowl was an eight-year period of drought and dust storms that plagued the
Northern and Southern Plains of the United States. The catastrophe lasted from the summer
of 1931 to the fall of 1939. The Dust Bowl was the result of poor land management and a
lack of rain.
(2) Before the Great Plains were settled, plant and tree roots held the soil in place and
prevented the water from running off. Settlers cleared the land, plowed deep into the
ground, and planted cotton, wheat, and corn. In 1930, the plains farmers were harvesting
bountiful crops. However, overuse of the land sapped it of nutrients needed to support the
crops. In the summer of 1931, the decrease in rainfall and poor soil condition caused a lot
of the crops to die. Strong winds blew away the dead and weakened plants.
(3) In 1932, the skies became brown and black with clouds of dirt. Deep blankets of dust
covered homes, vehicles, and anything else that was out in the open. People and animals
died of suffocation and pneumonia. I​
n 1934, the government minimally compensated
farmers for their livestock and rid them of the burden of caring for the animals.​
Masses of
people left their homes in search of work and food. Bordering states did not welcome the
migrant workers because their own economies and employment opportunities were in
decline. Many of the displaced workers and their families lived in makeshift shacks without
plumbing or electricity.
(4) In 1935, a conservationist by the name of Hugh Hammond Bennett led a strong
campaign for better farming practices and land management. ​
He spoke to Congress and
succeeded in getting the Soil Conservation Act of 1935 passed.​
President Roosevelt also
​
took action to prevent further harm to U.S. lands.​
The Roosevelt administration educated
farmers on techniques to conserve the land. In 1937, the government began paying farmers
to use new farming techniques. The farmers received a dollar an acre for trying crop
rotation, strip farming, contour plowing, terracing, and other approved conservation
methods. ​
Also under Roosevelt's guidance, the Civilian Conservation Corps planted millions
of trees between Canada and Abilene, Texas, to create a windbreak and to hold the soil in
the ground.​
These efforts yielded a 65 percent reduction in the amount of soil being carried
away by the wind by 1938. Although there was a lot of improvement in the quality of the
land, the dry soil failed to produce adequate harvests.
Introducing and Closing Topics
6.
Directions: Select the correct text in the passage.
Which sentence introduces a claim to persuade the reader that xeriscaping can help
conserve water?
A Problem Growing Right Under Our Feet
Xeriscaping can reduce water used for landscaping by 50 to 80 percent. ​
This reduction of
water usage can be astonishing when one considers the amount of water our community
uses—about 265 million gallons per year on landscaping at a cost of $304,935.
If we cut water use in half, we will save 132.5 million gallons and $150,000.
​
The second and best reason for xeriscaping our downtown district is the drought that we
are presently experiencing.
The need for people to conserve water is crucial. ​
Our city leaders need to set an
example by reducing the city's own water consumption.
It is time that our community leaders take the qualities that they hope to instill in their
citizens and put them to practice. I propose that members of our city council add
xeriscaping to their future landscaping plans as well as areas that have already been
landscaped. Grassy areas are only needed in the park where children play and families
picnic.
Replacing 200 of the 400 acres of grass will also save the city endless hours of mowing,
pounds of fertilizer, and approximately $20,000 of maintenance costs per year, on top of
the $150,000 saved by reduced water consumption.
Surely the city council can spend $170,000 per year on something more useful to our
community than grass.
Water conservation has been ignored too long.​
​
Efforts to conserve water must begin
now.
Introducing and Closing Topics
7.
Directions: Select the correct answer from the drop-down menu.
Which sentence ​
best​
introduces the passage?
Music
Both people who study music and
music-lovers understand this well. Music is a powerful form of expression and it gives you
an outlet to express your emotions beautifully. It has the power to transcend cultural
barriers, such as language and traditions, and to reach the heart and soul. These meanings
and emotions are perceived through the senses and the heart rather than the intellect. Such
soulful perception lends a healing quality to music. As much as music calms the mind, it
also invigorates the spirit.
Introducing and Closing Topics
8.
Directions: Select the correct answer from the drop-down menu.
Which sentence ​
best​
concludes the passage?
Sericulture
Sericulture involves the rearing of silkworms for the production of silk. When the larva
spins a cocoon, it is immersed in hot water. This causes the worm to die, leaving only the
silk filaments that form the cocoon behind. The silk filaments are then used to make silk
threads. This procedure is unethical, because it involves mass mistreatment of these
insects.
Task, Purpose, and Audience
Climbing
John and I wordlessly approached the side of the mountain at an extremely slow pace.
We had trekked miles just to get to the base of the mountain. Climbing over it was the only
way out. John and I had yet to say a word to each other since we had our falling out a few
miles back. Getting lost together proved to be a trying time for both of us. We didn’t get
along already, and being lost strained the little civility that we had left for each other.
The only means of communication we had was grunting and hand gestures. We grunted
to tell each other to hurry up or to slow down. Hand gestures were signals to stop and to
go. There was little need to talk because a conversation could potentially destroy our feeble
alliance.
"Okay, Bryce, you are going to have to follow my lead because you haven’t had much
experience climbing," John said abruptly.
I looked at him with piercing eyes and thought: ​
How dare he even suggest that I am not
an experienced climber like him. He is so arrogant. He doesn’t have that much skill.
"Bryce, did you hear me?" John asked. "I’ve climbed a few more mountains than you
have, so I think you should follow me."
"Fine," I said, gritting my teeth.
I wanted to be the bigger person in this situation. Plus, I wanted to get home.
John began climbing the western face of the mountain, and I followed his movements.
At times, I didn’t think that John could move up any farther, but he managed to find a hold
that would propel him upward. I was impressed with the ease of his movements. I certainly
lacked the gracefulness that he had.
After hours of work, John and I had finally reached the other side. From there, we
walked toward civilization gratefully. Maybe John wasn't such a conceited pest after all. We
had made it through the toughest leg of our journey home.
9.
Directions: Select all the correct answers.
Read the following paragraphs from the narrative.
"Okay, Bryce, you are going to have to follow my lead because you haven’t had much
experience climbing," John said abruptly.
I looked at him with piercing eyes and thought: ​
How dare he even suggest that I am not
an experienced climber like him. He is so arrogant. He doesn’t have that much skill.
"Bryce, did you hear me?" John asked. "I’ve climbed a few more mountains than you
have, so I think you should follow me."
"Fine," I said, gritting my teeth.
How do these paragraphs contribute to the development of the narrative?
●
The narrator reveals how the problem was resolved.
●
The narrator shows how the experience changes the characters.
●
The narrator develops the tension between the two characters.
●
The narrator introduces different points of view through dialogue.
●
The narrator reflects on a similar problem from the past.
Task, Purpose, and Audience
from​
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave
​
by Frederick Douglass
I was born in Tuckahoe, near Hillsborough, and about twelve miles from Easton, in
Talbot county, Maryland. I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any
authentic record containing it. By far the larger part of the slaves know as little of their ages
as horses know of theirs, and it is the wish of most masters within my knowledge to keep
their slaves thus ignorant. I do not remember to have ever met a slave who could tell of his
birthday. They seldom come nearer to it than planting-time, harvest-time, cherry-time,
spring-time, or fall-time. A want of information concerning my own was a source of
unhappiness to me even during childhood. The white children could tell their ages. I could
not tell why I ought to be deprived of the same privilege. I was not allowed to make any
inquiries of my master concerning it. He deemed all such inquiries on the part of a slave
improper and impertinent, and evidence of a restless spirit. The nearest estimate I can give
makes me now between twenty-seven and twenty-eight years of age. I come to this, from
hearing my master say, some time during 1835, I was about seventeen years old.
10.
Directions: Select all the correct answers.
Which of the following objectives are accomplished in the excerpt above?
●
The narrator describes why the setting of the story is significant.
●
The narrator reflects on a meaningful childhood experience.
●
The narrator introduces a problem and explains the significance.
●
The narrator explains how he resolved a difficult problem.
●
The narrator tells a story from a third-person point of view.
Task, Purpose, and Audience
11.
Directions: Select the correct text in the passage.
In which sentence does the narrator explain the significance of her problem?
Goodbye, Texas
The month I finished the tenth grade, my parents did the unthinkable—they made
​
me ​
move​
, not only to a different school but to a different ​
state​
.​
For sixteen years of my life,
I could look out my bedroom window and see sprawling green grass, moonlit stars, and a
fenceless wild garden of bluebonnets and poppies. M
​y parents took all of that away and
replaced it with a gray brick wall.
My last day in Texas, I woke up to the sound of my mother—belting out orders to my
dad and the movers. ​
Contrary to my feelings, I could see that the weather was bright and
sunny.​
I sat up and gazed out at my beloved backyard one last time, where I had spent
many days, reading, writing, and daydreaming. (In Boston, there is no equivalent. The
closest haven I’ve found is a nearby fountain with surrounding patches of green.)
I reluctantly stepped out of bed and into the bathroom, slamming the door behind me,
letting my mother know not to worry: I was up.
By the time I opened the bathroom door again, my bed was already gone, packed up
​
and tucked into the moving van outside.​
I threw my remaining belongings into my backpack
and set out to walk through the house that was no longer ours. ​
My footsteps echoed in the
empty corridors.​
“There you are, Shannon! Good morning, sweetie.” Pecking me on the cheek, mother
guided me to the kitchen. “I made you some breakfast burritos to eat before we go. Come
eat them before they get cold.”
Task, Purpose, and Audience
12.
Directions: Select the correct text in the passage.
Which sentence most clearly defines the conflict in the paragraph?
from​
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave
​
by Frederick Douglass
I was born in Tuckahoe, near Hillsborough, and about twelve miles from Easton, in
​
Talbot county, Maryland.​
I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any
​
authentic record containing it.​
By far the larger part of the slaves know as little of their ages
as horses know of theirs, and it is the wish of most masters within my knowledge to keep
their slaves thus ignorant. I do not remember to have ever met a slave who could tell of his
birthday. They seldom come nearer to it than planting-time, harvest-time, cherry-time,
spring-time, or fall-time. A want of information concerning my own was a source of
unhappiness to me even during childhood. ​
The white children could tell their ages.​
I could
not tell why I ought to be deprived of the same privilege. I was not allowed to make any
inquiries of my master concerning it. ​
He deemed all such inquiries on the part of a slave
improper and impertinent, and evidence of a restless spirit.​
The nearest estimate I can give
makes me now between twenty-seven and twenty-eight years of age. ​
I come to this, from
hearing my master say, some time during 1835, I was about seventeen years old.
Supplying and Developing Evidence
13.
Directions: Select the correct answer from the drop-down menu.
What is the ​
best​
sentence to add to the seventh paragraph to provide supporting evidence
for the claim that xeriscaping can benefit the city?
A Problem Growing Right Under Our Feet
Xeriscaping can reduce water used for landscaping by 50 to 80 percent. This reduction of
water usage can be astonishing when one considers the amount of water our community
uses—about 265 million gallons per year on landscaping at a cost of $304,935.
If we cut water use in half, we will save 132.5 million gallons and $150,000.
The second and best reason for xeriscaping our downtown district is the drought that we
are presently experiencing.
The need for people to conserve water is crucial. Our city leaders need to set an
example by reducing the city's own water consumption.
It is time that our community leaders take the qualities that they hope to instill in their
citizens and put them to practice. I propose that members of our city council add
xeriscaping to their future landscaping plans as well as areas that have already been
landscaped. Grassy areas are only needed in the park where children play and families
picnic.
Replacing 200 of the 400 acres of grass will also save the city endless hours of mowing,
pounds of fertilizer, and approximately $20,000 of maintenance costs per year, on top of
the $150,000 saved by reduced water consumption.
Surely the city council can spend $170,000 per year on something more useful to our
community than grass.
Water conservation has been ignored too long. Efforts to conserve water must begin
now.
Supplying and Developing Evidence
14.
Directions: Select the correct answer from the drop-down menu.
Which sentence should be added to the end of paragraph one to support the ideas in that
paragraph?
Dealing With Grumpy People
Most of us have experienced interacting with a family member who's always grumpy and
keeps complaining. No one likes to be around such grouchy people. They always seem to be
in a sullen or negative mood. Grouchy people's tempers tend to flare easily and they never
seem to be able to get out of that state. Nothing pleases them.
How does one deal with them? Many people believe that the best way to deal with a
grouch is to be patient and give them some time to cool down. One way to work around it is
to employ an old trick many adults practice with grouchy children: leave the grouch alone.
Supplying and Developing Evidence
15.
Directions: Select the correct answer from the drop-down menu.
Which sentence should be added to the end of paragraph one to support the ideas in that
paragraph?
An Essay
An essay is an informative piece of work in written form. It consists of an exploration of
the author's thoughts or opinions on a particular topic. Broadly speaking, there are four
types of essays: expository, persuasive, analytic, and argumentative. Authors often
subdivide an essay into various sections by subtopic.
.
Writing an essay requires a lot of research. Authors need to consult various sources.
They usually list these sources at the end of the essay in a section called the bibliography.
This section may consist of other essays, novels, and even autobiographies.
Supplying and Developing Evidence
16.
Directions: Select the correct answer from the drop-down menu.
What is the ​
best​
sentence to add to the third paragraph to provide supporting evidence that
conditions during the Dust Bowl became increasingly worse?
The Dust Bowl
(1)​
​
The Dust Bowl was an eight-year period of drought and dust storms that plagued
the Northern and Southern Plains of the United States. The catastrophe lasted from the
summer of 1931 to the fall of 1939. The Dust Bowl was the result of poor land management
and a lack of rain.
(2)​
​
Before the Great Plains were settled, plant and tree roots held the soil in place and
prevented the water from running off. Settlers cleared the land, plowed deep into the
ground, and planted cotton, wheat, and corn. In 1930, the plains farmers were harvesting
bountiful crops. However, overuse of the land sapped it of nutrients needed to support the
crops. In the summer of 1931, the decrease in rainfall and poor soil condition caused a lot
of the crops to die. Strong winds blew away the dead and weakened plants.
(3)​
​
In 1932, the skies became brown and black with clouds of dirt. Deep blankets of
dust covered homes, vehicles, and anything else that was out in the open.
People and animals died of suffocation and pneumonia. In 1934, the government minimally
compensated farmers for their livestock and rid them of the burden of caring for the
animals. Masses of people left their homes in search of work and food. Bordering states did
not welcome the migrant workers because their own economies and employment
opportunities were in decline. Many of the displaced workers and their families lived in
makeshift shacks without plumbing or electricity.
(4)​
​
In 1935, a conservationist by the name of Hugh Hammond Bennett led a strong
campaign for better farming practices and land management. He spoke to Congress and
succeeded in getting the Soil Conservation Act of 1935 passed. President Roosevelt also
took action to prevent further harm to U.S. lands. The Roosevelt administration educated
farmers on techniques to conserve the land. In 1937, the government began paying farmers
to use new farming techniques. The farmers received a dollar an acre for trying crop
rotation, strip farming, contour plowing, terracing, and other approved conservation
methods. Also under Roosevelt's guidance, the Civilian Conservation Corps planted millions
of trees between Canada and Abilene, Texas, to create a windbreak and to hold the soil in
the ground. These efforts yielded a 65 percent reduction in the amount of soil being carried
away by the wind by 1938. Although there was a lot of improvement in the quality of the
land, the dry soil failed to produce adequate harvests.
Transitions
17.
Directions: Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Which transitional words or phrases show the correct relationships?
Theseus from ​
A Midsummer Night's Dream
Theseus is a character from William Shakespeare's play ​
A Midsummer Night's Dream.​He
is the Duke of Athens and holds an important social and political position in the play. He
lives an adventurous life filled with heroic exploits and romantic conquests.
he possesses the ability to be fair and just as a ruling figure of Athens
by upholding its social order.
Shakespeare portrays Theseus to be a man bound by the social conventions of that
time.
Theseus believes that a woman's duty is to obey her father. This is
why he orders Hermia and Demetrius to get married
Hermia's clear
objection to the marriage. Thus, Theseus is shown as a strong believer in the tradition of
marriage. His fair way of thinking and his loyalty to tradition make Theseus such an
interesting character. Theseus appears only towards the beginning and end of the play.
his power and influence over the other characters is very evident.
Transitions
18.
Directions: Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Which transitions show the correct relationships?
Air Pollution
In the twenty first century, air pollution has become one of the most severe problems in
the world. As more nations around the world industrialize, more people have access to cars
and modern conveniences that produce air pollution.
in some large
cities in China, thick fog has become a part of everyday life. With more people producing air
pollution, the planet is beginning to feel the effects.
One of the gravest air pollution concerns has to do with global warming.
global warming describes the buildup of carbon dioxide and other
compounds in the air. These gases absorb infrared radiation and cause average global
temperatures to increase. Although an increase in temperature may not sound bad,
scientists theorize that global warming could have drastic effects.
increasing temperatures from global warming could increase the frequency and severity of
droughts, storms, and floods. Rising sea levels would also be a side effect of global
warming.
In order to slow and halt global warming, the industrialized nations of the world should
reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases.
those greenhouse gases
from factories, power plants, and cars need to be reduced. The average person can make a
difference by riding public transportation or by using a hybrid or electric vehicle. As with
other large-scale problems, ingenuity, technology, and collaboration will help solve the
problem.
Transitions
19.
Directions: Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Which transitional words or phrases show the correct relationships?
Charles Dickens
Charles Dickens is considered one of the greatest writers of the Victorian Age. Dickens'
father was not careful with money and was sent to prison for being in debt.
Dickens spent much of his childhood supporting his family. His troubled
childhood became the inspiration for his stories and novels.
his own
family's struggles with money, he could write about poverty and the trauma it caused.
his novels portray young children who suffer injustice at the hands of
adults. In his novel, ​
Great Expectations,​
Dickens tells the story of
Pip, who is orphaned at a young age. Other books that explore a similar theme are O
​liver
Twist​
,​
Hard Times​
, and ​
David Copperfield​
. Charles Dickens continues to entertain and
impress young as well as older readers even today.
Transitions
20.
Directions: Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Which transitions show the correct relationships?
History of the Eiffel Tower
Today, the Eiffel Tower is one of the most celebrated monuments in the world;
the project planners only intended this renowned tower to last for 20
years. Over 120 years since its completion, most people cannot even imagine Paris without
its famed tower.
The Eiffel Tower has a storied history. Celebrating the 100th anniversary of the French
Revolution, the 1889 Exposition Universelle issued a competition to see who could build a
tower 300 meters tall and 125 meters across in downtown Paris.
successful completion of the project would require the most advanced technologies and
engineering concepts of the time.
over 100 different entries were
submitted to the competition. Ultimately, the entrepreneur Gustave Eiffel's project won the
bid to enter the competition.
Work on the project began on January 28th, 1887. In just over two years, workers
completed the tower on March 31st, 1889. The tower consisted of 18,000 pieces that had to
be assembled and put into place by a team of up to 300 on-site workers. Completing the
complex project in approximately two years was an astounding feat for the time. Upon its
completion, the tower became the tallest monument in the world until the Chrysler Building
in New York City was completed in 1930.
Millions of people, including tourists from all nations of the world, visit the Eiffel Tower
each year to appreciate its illustrious history and style;
Tower stands as one of the most celebrated monuments in the world.
the Eiffel