ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
NPP INTERACTIONS WITH ITS ENVIRONMENT
Gaseous Discharges
(radioactive, chemical)
Electricity
Noise & vibrations, Light
emissions, Socio economics,
Land use, Ecology, Protected
species ….
Operational wastes
(radioactive & non radioactive)
Chemical products
Nuclear fuel
Water abstract
Liquid Discharges
(radioactive, chemical, thermal)
© EDF – Matthieu Colin
PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
IMPACT OF
CHEMICALS ON
THE AQUATIC
ENVIRONMENT
CHEMICAL DISCHARGES
HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Hazard identification and
Dose-response assessment
For selected substances, relationship
between dose of chemicals and
incidence of adverse health effects
© EDF – Philippe Eranian
• A single substance
approach
• Definition of the discharges
scenarios / two scenarios
studied :
- representative of the
means and the high impacts
• Comparison between
cumulative concentrations
and relevant water quality
standards
Comparison of PEC to relevant
benchmark (CQEL water quality
grid, ecotoxicological value, PNEC)
> If water quality changes or
PEC/PNEC >1 or PEC > ecotox
value => step 2
1
Need of further justification (e. g.
indepth analysis of
ecotoxicological data, use of
ecological surveys)
2
Inventory of all
substances in
chemical discharges
© EDF – Martina Cristofani
Risk characterization
Population
Identification of the human
exposure pathways
Realistic assumptions of
the behaviour and dietary
patterns of representative
members exposed public
are taken into account
Air and
climatic
Surface
water
RADIOLOGICAL
IMPACT ASSESSMENT
TO THE PUBLIC
Soil
Estimating the potential for adverse
health effects by integrating the
information from the dose-response
assessment with the exposure
assessment
consumption rates, …)
Human
activities
factors
Radioecology
NOISE IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Noise baseline
Baseline noise measurements are made on
the NPP area, at boundary of site and at the
nearest habitations to :
- characterize sound emissions of
equipments
Objective to assess the
radiological impacts to the
public due to radioactive
discharges (gaseous &
liquid) and direct radiation
Plume
- determine sound level at measurement
Fishery products
Liquid
releases
Inhalation
NPP
Deposit
NPP
Beach sediments
Sea water
vegetableIngestion
meat
Soil exposition
Ingestion
Inhalation
milk
Calculation of the annual effective dose to
the representative person (Sv/year)
=> comparison to the limit dose value for
the public (1 mSv/y)
Sébastien LESTERLE - EDF – DPNT – DIPDE – D2ED - SE
points
- validate digital models
Gaseous
releases
Plume
Transfers of radionuclides in the
environment to the human people are
assessed using the modelling platform
SYMBIOSE .
Characterization of magnitude,
frequency and duration of chemicals
exposure (Habits data, food
consumption rates,…)
Selection of the chemical
substances to be adressed
Fauna, flora
Wastes
Exposure assessment
Noise impact
assessment
Acoustic modelling with
Code Tympan : simulation
of the propagation of
industrial noise in the
environment
Noise mitigation
- digital models allow to locate and prioritize the main sound sources
and to define soundproofing objective
- soundproofing measures are then implemented (example :
modification of the design of the main “contributor” equipment)
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