Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: A
Sound Pretest
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Sound waves
a. are a part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
b. do not require a medium for transmission.
c. are longitudinal waves.
d. are transverse waves.
2. The trough of the sine curve used to represent a sound wave corresponds to
a. a compression.
c. the amplitude.
b. the wavelength.
d. a rarefaction.
3. Which of the following is the region of a sound wave in which the density and pressure are greater than
normal?
a. rarefaction
c. amplitude
b. compression
d. wavelength
4. The highness or lowness of a sound is perceived as
a. compression.
c. ultrasound.
b. wavelength.
d. pitch.
5. Pitch depends on the ____ of a sound wave.
a. frequency
c. power
b. amplitude
d. speed
6. In general, sound travels faster through
a. solids than through gases.
c. gases than through liquids.
b. gases than through solids.
d. empty space than through matter.
7. A train moves down the track toward an observer. The sound from the train, as heard by the observer, is ____
the sound heard by a passenger on the train.
a. the same as
c. higher in pitch than
b. a different timbre than
d. lower in pitch than
8. The Doppler effect occurs with
a. only sound waves.
c. only water waves.
b. only transverse waves.
d. all waves.
9. The property of sound called intensity is proportional to the rate at which energy flows through
a. an area perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
b. an area parallel to the direction of propagation.
c. a cylindrical tube.
d. a sound wave of a certain frequency.
10. The perceived loudness of a sound is measured in
a. hertz.
c. watts.
b. decibels.
d. watts per square meter.
11. A sound twice the intensity of the faintest audible sound is not perceived as twice as loud because the sensation
of loudness in human hearing
a. is approximately logarithmic.
c. depends on the speed of sound.
b. is approximately exponential.
d. is proportional to frequency.
1
Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 12. When the frequency of a force applied to a system matches the natural frequency of vibration of the system,
____ occurs.
a. damped vibration
c. timbre
b. random vibration
d. resonance
____ 13. When an air column vibrates in a pipe that is open at both ends,
a. all harmonics are present.
c. only odd harmonics are present.
b. no harmonics are present.
d. only even harmonics are present.
____ 14. When an air column vibrates in a pipe that is closed at one end,
a. all harmonics are present.
c. only odd harmonics are present.
b. no harmonics are present.
d. only even harmonics are present.
____ 15. The wavelength of the fundamental frequency of a vibrating string of length L is
a. 1/2 L.
c. 2L.
b. L.
d. 4L.
____ 16. The quality of a musical tone of a certain pitch results from a combination of
a. fundamental frequencies.
c. transverse waves.
b. harmonics.
d. velocities.
____ 17. Audible beats are formed by the interference of two waves
a. of slightly different frequencies.
b. of greatly different frequencies.
c. with equal frequencies, but traveling in opposite directions.
d. from the same vibrating source.
____ 18. A louder sound has a higher
a. wavelength
c. amplitude
b. frequency
d. speed
____ 19. A glass breaks when you give it
a. a louder sound
c. a faster sound
b. a sound of just the right frequency
d. a higher pitched sound
____ 20. The speed of a wave is determined by the
a. wavelength
c. nature of the medium
b. frequency
d. volume
____ 21. To get the frequency of the fifth harmonic of a fundamental frequency, you should
a. multiply by 5
c. add 5
b. divide by 5
d. subtract 5
____ 22. Sound waves do not travel through
a. solids
c. gases
b. liquids
d. vacuum
____ 23. Which of the following will remain unchanged when a sound wave travels in air or in water?
a. amplitude
c. frequency
b. wavelength
d. speed
____ 24. Which of the following quantities is transferred during wave propagation?
a. speed
c. matter
b. mass
d. energy
2
Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 25. Which one of the following factors determines the pitch of a sound?
a. The amplitude of the sound wave
c. The frequency of the sound wave
b. The distance of the sound wave from the d. The speed of the sound wave
source
____ 26. A certain note is produced when a person blows air into an organ pipe. The manner in which one blows on a
organ pipe (or any pipe) will effect the characteristics of the sound which is produced. If the person blows
slightly harder, the most probable change will be that the sound wave will increase in ____.
a. amplitude
c. pitch
b. frequency
d. speed
____ 27. Consider the diagram below of several circular waves created at various times and locations. The diagram
illustrates ____.
a.
b.
interference
diffraction
c.
d.
the Doppler effect
polarization
____ 28.
In the diagram above, a person positioned at point A would perceive __________ frequency as the person
positioned at point B.
a. higher
c. the same
b. lower
____ 29. A girl moves away from a source of sound at a constant speed. Compared to the frequency of the sound wave
produced by the source, the frequency of the sound wave heard by the girl is ____.
a. higher
c. the same
b. lower
____ 30. As two or more waves pass simultaneously through the same region, ____ can occur.
a. interference
c. refraction
b. diffraction
d. reflection
____ 31. A node is a point along a medium where there is always ____.
a. a crest meeting a crest
c. constructive interference
b. a trough meeting a trough
d. destructive interference
3
Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 32.
The standing wave pattern in the diagram above is representative of the ____ harmonic.
a. third
c. sixth
b. fourth
d. twelfth
____ 33. The diagrams below represent four different standing wave patterns in air columns of the same length. Which
of the columns is/are vibrating at its/their 2nd harmonic?
____ 34.
____ 35.
____ 36.
____ 37.
____ 38.
____ 39.
____ 40.
____ 41.
a. A
c. C
b. B
d. D
Of the following materials, sound waves travel fastest through
a. helium at 0°C.
c. copper at 0°C.
b. air at 0°C.
d. air at 100°C.
The distance between wave fronts of plane waves corresponds to ____ of a sound wave.
a. one wavelength
c. one compression
b. two amplitudes
d. two rarefactions
If you are on a train, how will the pitch of the train’s whistle sound to you as the train moves?
a. The pitch will become steadily higher.
b. The pitch will become steadily lower.
c. The pitch will not change.
d. The pitch will become higher, then become lower.
At a distance of 3 m, the intensity of a sound will be ____ the intensity it was at a distance of 1 m.
a. one-ninth
c. 3 times
b. one-third
d. 9 times
The intensity of a sound at any distance from the source is directly proportional to the sound’s
a. wavelength.
c. power.
b. pitch.
d. frequency.
Which of the following decibel levels is nearest to the value that you would expect for a running vacuum
cleaner?
a. 10 dB
c. 70 dB
b. 30 dB
d. 120 dB
The Tacoma Narrows bridge collapsed in 1940 when winds caused ____ to build up in the bridge.
a. a compression wave
c. a standing wave
b. a longitudinal wave
d. friction
For a standing wave in an air column in a pipe that is open at both ends, there must be at least
a. one node and one antinode.
c. two antinodes and one node.
b. two nodes and one antinode.
d. two nodes and two antinodes.
4
Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 42. Musical instruments of different types playing the same note may often be identified by the ____ of their
sounds.
a. pitch
c. fundamental frequency
b. intensity
d. timbre
____ 43. Two violin players tuning their instruments together hear 8 beats in 2 s. What is the frequency difference
between the two violins?
a. 2 Hz
c. 8 Hz
b. 4 Hz
d. 16 Hz
____ 44. The musical term “pitch” is most directly proportional to:
a. amplitude.
b. volume.
c. wavelength.
d. frequency.
____ 45. The loudness of sound is measured in units called:
a. newtons.
b. pascals.
c. hertz.
d. decibels.
____ 46. Ordinary conversation, measured in decibel units, would be most nearly ____ dB.
a. 15
b. 65
c. 100
d. 125
____ 47. The term applied to objects that travel at speeds exceeding the normal speed of sound in air is:
a. subsonic.
b. supersonic.
c. sonogram.
d. reverberation.
____ 48. Ultrasound is useful for all of the following EXCEPT:
a. examining a beating heart.
b. placing mp3 files on a CD.
c. detecting structural damage in materials.
d. determining the gender of an unborn child.
____ 49. A large explosion generally can be “felt” some distance away and is the source of a low frequency sound
because it causes a variation in the:
a. air temperature.
b. air pressure.
c. mass of air molecules.
d. weight of air molecules.
____ 50. Sound shows wave characteristics for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
a. the mass of sound increases as its frequency increases
b. sound may be reflected and refracted
c. the speed of sound is the product of frequency and wavelength
d. sound shows evidence of diffraction and interference
5
Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 51. The speed of sound in air at normal temperatures is about ____ m/sec.
a. 34.
b. 340
c. 3,400
d. 34,000
____ 52. The speed of sound is affected by all of the following EXCEPT:
a. decibel level.
b. air pressure.
c. temperature.
d. weight and size of the molecules it travels through.
____ 53. Which of the following statements about reverberations is INCORRECT?
a. Reverberations may create dead spots in a large room.
b. Reverberations may cause loud spots in a large room.
c. Reverberations are caused by absorption of sound by concert hall walls and ceilings.
d. The source of reverberation is multiple echoes from concert hall walls and ceilings.
____ 54. The perception of sound starts with the:
a. stimulation of the fluid in the cochlea.
b. response of short hairs of the ear canal.
c. movement of three delicate bones of the inner ear.
d. vibration of the eardrum.
____ 55. The term for a regular time pattern in sound is:
a. rhythm.
b. pitch.
c. scale.
d. harmony.
____ 56. The musical effect based upon the relationship between frequencies can be called:
a. pitch.
b. harmony.
c. beats.
d. rhythm.
____ 57. Musicians may tune their instruments to match a certain frequency by adjusting the frequency they play to
eliminate:
a. scales.
b. rhythm.
c. pitch.
d. beats.
____ 58. The property of sound that most helps you to identify one person’s voice from another is:
a. decibels.
b. beats.
c. harmonics.
d. scales.
____ 59. A piano and a guitar playing the same “C” note sound different because pianos:
a. produce sound with more decibels.
b. and guitars produce different combinations of frequencies.
c. produce pure frequencies but guitars do not.
d. have more “strings”(wires) to vibrate than guitars.
6
Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 60. A special graph of sound displaying the frequency versus time while indicating how loud the sound is at various
frequencies is called a(n):
a. sonogram.
b. equal loudness curve.
c. ultrasound.
d. spectrum..
____ 61. A combination of frequencies which sounds bad or is unsettling is called:
a. dissonance.
b. consonance.
c. harmony.
d. pitch.
____ 62. As the decibel level increases from 20 decibels to 40 decibels, the loudness of the sound is described as:
a. 10 times louder.
b. 2 times louder.
c. 10 times quieter.
d. 2 times quieter.
____ 63. Due to the Doppler effect, the pitch of the siren of a fire truck moving away from you:
a. decreases.
b. increases.
c. increases then decreases.
d. does not change.
____ 64. The four diagrams below represent the amplitude of sounds produced versus time. Which diagram represents a
complex sound?
a.
c.
b.
d.
____ 65. Sound will travel:
a. faster in air than in any material.
b. fastest in outer space.
c. faster in steel than in air.
d. faster in cold air than warm air.
____ 66. The oscillation of air pressure can result in ____ waves.
a. transverse
b. light
c. longitudinal
d. circular
7
Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 67. Large horns such as tubas produce sounds with long wavelengths while flutes produce sounds with short
wavelengths because:
a. the frequency of sound produced is directly proportional to the size of the instrument.
b. the wavelength of sound produced is directly proportional to the size of the instrument.
c. the wavelength of sound produced is directly proportional to the frequency.
d. the pitch of the sound produced is directly proportional to the wavelength.
____ 68. Which of the following has the shortest wavelength?
a. A rumble of thunder at 20 hertz
b. An average male singer at 500 hertz
c. The highest note on a piano at 5,000 hertz
d. The whine of a jet turbine at 10,000 hertz.
____ 69. The marching band is practicing behind the school. In front of the school, students are able to hear the band
because the sound waves are:
a. absorbed by the building and trees.
b. diffracted over and around the school.
c. refracted by the school building.
d. enhanced by destructive interference.
____ 70. While a young child is able to hear frequencies of sound up to 20,000 hertz, the highest frequency an average
adult is able to hear is:
a. 2,000 hertz.
b. 5,000 hertz.
c. 15,000 hertz.
d. 22,000 hertz.
____ 71. A guitar player controls the notes produced by placing her fingers at specific positions on the strings. The notes
are produced as a result of:
a. diffraction.
b. polarization.
c. resonance.
d. refraction.
____ 72. Loud noises damage the ear because:
a. they can block the ear canal.
b. they are transmitted to the ear faster in the atmosphere than quiet noises.
c. they can cause tiny hairs in the cochlea to break.
d. their frequency exceeds 20,000 hertz.
8
ID: A
Sound Pretest
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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ID: A
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12-2.2
12-2.3
12-3.1
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12-3.4
section 21.1
section 21.1
section 21.1
section 21.1
section 21.2
section 21.2
section 21.2
section 21.2
section 21.2
section 21.2
section 21.3
section 21.3
section 21.3
section 21.3
section 21.3
section 21.3
section 21.3
section 21.3
section 21.1
section 21.1
section 21.1
section 21.1
section 21.2
section 21.2
section 21.2
section 21.2
section 21.3
section 21.3
section 21.3