Organicchem.notebook
October 03, 2013
Outline #6
QOD: 10/1/13
1. What are 3 functional groups we find on organic compounds?
2. What would my body use for fuel for slower, long distance types of activities?
3. Why would the proteins of the skin, hair and nails be classified as defense proteins?
4. Which nucleic acid is single stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine?
5. What is the most important high energy compound for the cell?
Oct 11­11:51 AM
What atoms make up nucleic acids?
Nucleic Acids:
Composed of C, H, O, N, and P
Come in two classes:
DNA –deoxyribonucleic acid RNA ­ribonucleic acid
Base unit of nucleotides­which are composed of?
1. 5­carbon sugar
2. phosphate group
3. nitrogenous base: adenine (A), guanine (G),
cytosine (C), thymine (T) and uracil (U)
Sep 26­11:51 AM
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Organicchem.notebook
October 03, 2013
Differences in nitrogenous bases:
Sep 26­11:53 AM
Compare DNA and RNA on basis of structure and function:
Trait:
DNA RNA
Sugar: Deoxyribose Ribose
Bases: A­T and G­C A­U and G­C
Shape: Double helix single strand: 3 types
Location: Nucleus only
nucleus and cytoplasm
Function: stores genetic info Performs protein synth
that controls as directed by DNA
prot synth Sep 26­11:51 AM
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Organicchem.notebook
October 03, 2013
Sep 26­11:54 AM
HIGH ENERGY COMPOUNDS
Any compound held together with high energy(HE) bonds
What is phosphorylation and why is it important?
HE bonds are any covalent bond whose breakdown releases energy the cell can harness: usually connects a phosphate group (PO4 3­ )
This phosphorylation requires:
1. a phosphate
2. enzymes
3. organic substrates
Sep 27­11:49 AM
3
Organicchem.notebook
October 03, 2013
Most important substrate adenosine monophosphate (AMP)
Changed to ADP ATP
Most important cellular energy storage compound
Conversion
ADP + PO4 3­ + Energy ATP + H2 O
Requires ATPase enzyme
Also: GTP, UTP, CP
Sep 27­11:50 AM
Describe the structure of ATP
Sep 27­11:58 AM
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