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Special Report
Nomenclature of the Renin-Angiotensin System
Report of the Nomenclature Committee
of the International Society of Hypertension
KEY W O R D S
•
Nomenclature Committee Report
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Biochemical Nomenclature
O
N the occasion of the Fourth Meeting of
the International Society of Hypertension
(ISH) in Sydney, Australia, February
24-26, 1976, a nomenclature committee was founded
with the specific task of reviewing the present
nomenclature of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS)
and of making recommendations so as to bring this
nomenclature into conformity with the rules laid down
by the Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature of
the International Union of Pure and Applied
Chemistry (IUPAC), and the International Union of
Biochemistry (IUB).
The Council for High Blood Pressure Research of
the American Heart Association also appointed a
nomenclature committee which joined the efforts of
the Committee of the International Society of
Hypertension. Valuable suggestions came from scientists throughout the world in response to the several
memoranda which were drafted and circulated by the
committee.
It was agreed that there may be two kinds of
nomenclature, one trivial working nomenclature with
usually brief terms, and a second systematic
nomenclature which can be introduced if the various
substances are sufficiently well characterized to allow
such classification. (See Table 1.)
• renin-angiotensin system
The use of a standardized nomenclature carries the
danger of prematurely classifying substances that are
not well characterized; this is to be avoided. On the
other hand, it is exactly here where confusion and
problems of terminology originate. The committee
has therefore included guidelines for the naming of
substances that are still hypothetical and which can be
used only with the ending '-like' at present. Rule 4 of
the general comments should be applied whenever
possible.
Increasing knowledge will necessitate revision of
the present nomenclature in the future. Suggestions
for revisions may be sent to any member of the
committee.
General Comments
1. Established trivial names will be retained.
2. The names of components are based on the
zymogen or precursor form of the protein.
3. The amino acid sequence of components of the
renal renin-angiotensin system of man is used as
reference, and the numbering of peptides follows that
of angiotensin I (1-10) decapeptide or renin substrate
(1-14) tetradecapeptide.
4. The source (species, tissue) and the physicochemical characteristics (e.g., iso-electric point) must
be specified in the initial description of each component. In the case of measurements of inactive forms
of renin (or renin-like enzymes), the method of activation (e.g., acid-activation) and the molecular weight
should be indicated (e.g., inactive renin; mol.wt.
60,000).
Members of the Nomenclature Committee of the International
Society of Hypertension: D. R. Bangham (London); R. Boucher
(Montreal); F. M. Bumpus (Cleveland); J. P. Coghlan (Melbourne);
P. Corvol (Paris); D. Ganten, Chairman (Heidelberg); T. Inagami
(Nashville); J. J. Morton (Glasgow); K. Poulsen (Copenhagen).
Members of the Nomenclature Committee, Council for High Blood
Pressure Research, American Heart Association: D. F. Bohr (Ann
Arbor); S. Oparil (Birmingham); I. H. Page, Chairman (Cleveland);
L. Tobian (Minneapolis).
Originally published in Clinical Science and Molecular Medicine
55 (suppl IV): 113s. Reprinted with permission of the publisher.
Address for reprints: Dr. D. Ganten, Department of Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld
366,6900 Heidelberg, Germany.
(Hypertension 1: 654-656, 1979)
5. 'pro' should be used as a prefix; 'Pro' when a
proline residue is implied.
6. The present nomenclature may require revision
in the future.
654
655
Nomenclature of the Renin-A ngiotensin System1-6
Trivial name
Abbreviations
Angiotensinogen
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Angiotensin I
Systematic name
renin substrate
Comments
Naturally occurring protein renin substrate
from which angiotensin-(l-10)decapeptide is
cleaved by hydrolytic action of renin. If it is
found that a precursor of angiotensinogen
with an additional polypeptide extension
exists, this would be 'pro-angiotensinogen'
or 'pro-renin substrate.'
TDP renin substrate
renin substrate-(l-14)
tetradecapeptide
The amino acid sequence:
I
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-ne-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu11 12 13 14
Leu-Val-Tyr-Ser
serves as reference. Other synthetic renin
substrates, substituted analogues or fragments
follow the same rules as outlined for angiotensin.
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
e.g. renin substratePro-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr
(7-13 )-heptapep tide
[Pro-Pro]renin substrate7 8 9 10 11 12 13
(7-13 )nonapeptide
Pro-Pro-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr
If larger peptides are synthesized, the terms,
e.g. renin substrate-(7-l3 fragment or renin
substrate-(l—35)fragment, may be used.
ANGI
ANG-(l-lO)
angiotensin-(l-lO)
decapeptide
The term angiotensin (ANG) is reserved for
a group of peptides with amino acid sequence
and biological function similar to angiotensin-(l-8)octapeptide. The amino acid
sequence of human [Ile']-angiotensin-{l-10)decapeptide:
1
2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10
Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu
serves as reference for all angiotensin
peptides. If not defined differently, numbers
indicate the amino acid of human angiotensin I.
Angiotensin II
Angiotensin III
[Val»]ANG I
[Val»]ANG-(l-10)
[Val6]angiotensin-(l-10) for e.g. ox ('beef') ANG I
decapeptide
ANG II
ANG-(l-S)
[Val']ANG II
[Val»]ANG-(l-8)
angiotensin-(l—S)
octapeptide
[Val*]angiotensin-(l-8)
octapeptide
ANG III
ANG-(2-8)
[Val']ANG-(2-8)
angiotensin-(2—8)
heptapeptide
[Val6]angiotensin-(2-8)
heptapeptide
Fragments of angiotensin and analogues:
ANG-(4-8)
[Phe«]ANG-(4-8)
Saralasin
[SarSVal'.Ala'JANG II
[Sar1,Val',Ala»]Ang-(l-8)
[Tyr*«]ANG II
[Tyr**]ANG-(l-8)
[endo-Tyr^ANG II
e.g. human, rat angiotensin II
e.g. ox ("beef), sheep angiotensin II
e.g. human, rat angiotensin III
e.g. ox ('beef'), sheep angiotensin III
Sequence denned from human ANG I as:
4 5 6 7 8
Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe
[Phe*]angiotensin-{4-8) 4 5 6 7 8
pentapeptide
Phe-Ile-His-Pro-Phe
angiotensin-(4-8)
pentapeptide
[Sar^Val^Ala'langioAngiotensin antagonist; analogous nomentensin-(l-8)octapeptide clature for other angiotensin-receptor
antagonists.
[Tyr**]angiotensin-(l—8) Insertion of a residue. Amino acid sequence:
nonapeptide
1 2 3 4
4a 5
6 7 8
Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe
HYPERTENSION
656
VOL 1, N o
6, NOVEMBER-DECEMBER
1979
Nomenclature of the Renin-Angiotensin System (Continued)
Trivial name
Renin-angiotensin system
Abbreviations
Systematic name
[des-Pro']ANG II
[des-Pro7]angiotensin(l-8)heptapeptide
Comments
Removal of a residue, e.g. of proline in
position 7:
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His- D-Phe
PTO-ANG II
[Pro]angiotensin-(1-8)
nonapeptide
Extension at the N-terminus, e.g. with a
proline residue:
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
Pro-Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe
[Pro»*]ANG II
[Pro**]angiotensin(l-8)
nonapeptide
Extension at the C-terminus, e.g. with a
proline residue:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
8a
Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-Pro
RAS
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Renin
(EC 3.4.99.19)
An enzyme that cleaves angiotensin-(l-lO)decapeptide from ite natural renin substrate
(angiotensinogen) and which has no angiotensinase activity. Renin occurs in the kidney
and in extrarenal organs. The major
component of the human kidney enzyme
serves as renin reference.
Information concerning the physicochemical
characterization and source of the enzyme are
to be indicated if the enzyme has not been
clearly identified, and the ending '-like' (e.g
renin-like) should be used in such cases.
Iso-renin
The term iso-renin is to be reserved for
forms of renin catalysing the same reaction,
but arising from genetically determined
differences in primary structure. Iso-renin
may be of renal or extrarenal origin.
Pro-re nin
Activatable precursor (zymogen) of renin,
which contains an additional polypeptide
extension. Existence not proven for the
renin-angiotensin system.
Pre-pro-renin
Activatable precursor of pro-renin (prezymogen), which contains an additional
polypeptide extension. Existence not proven
for the renin-angiotensin system.
Converting enzyme
(EC 3.4.15.1)
CE
peptidyldipeptide
carboxyhydrolase
Angiotensinase activity
(EC 3.4.99.3)
Converts ANG I into ANG II by cleaving
His-Leu from ANG I; to be used without the
prefix ANG I-CE, because the enzyme is not
specific for ANG I.
A group of enzymes capable of degrading
ANG I, ANG II, ANG III and other
peptides; the enzymes may be amino-,
carboxy-, endo- or exo-peptidases of various
specificities.
References
Enzyme Nomenclature, Amsterdam, Elsevier Scientific
Publishing Company, 1973
IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature: Rules
for naming synthetic modifications of natural peptides. Tentative
rules. Biochemistry 6: 362, 1967
3. IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature: The
nomenclature of peptide hormones. Biochem Biophys Acta 404:
152, 1975
4. IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature: The
nomenclature of peptide hormones. J Biol Chem 250:3215, 1975
5. IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature:
Nomenclature of multiple forms of enzymes. Recommendations.
J Biol Chem 252: 5939, 1977
Nomenclature of the renin-angiotensin system. Report of the nomenclature Committee
of the International Society of Hypertension.
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Hypertension. 1979;1:654-656
doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.1.6.654
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Copyright © 1979 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
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