Š i f r a
k a n d i d a t a :
Državni izpitni center
*M11224111*
JESENSKI IZPITNI ROK
Osnovna raven
ANGLEŠČINA
Izpitna pola 1
A) Bralno razumevanje
B) Poznavanje in raba jezika
Sobota, 27. avgust 2011 / 80 minut (40 + 40)
Dovoljeno gradivo in pripomočki:
Kandidat prinese nalivno pero ali kemični svinčnik, svinčnik HB ali B, radirko in šilček.
Kandidat dobi list za odgovore.
SPLOŠNA MATURA
NAVODILA KANDIDATU
Pazljivo preberite ta navodila.
Ne odpirajte izpitne pole in ne začenjajte reševati nalog, dokler vam nadzorni učitelj tega ne dovoli.
Rešitev nalog v izpitni poli ni dovoljeno zapisovati z navadnim svinčnikom.
Prilepite kodo oziroma vpišite svojo šifro (v okvirček desno zgoraj na tej strani in na list za odgovore).
Izpitna pola je sestavljena iz dveh delov, dela A in dela B. Časa za reševanje je 80 minut. Priporočamo vam, da za reševanje
vsakega dela porabite 40 minut.
Izpitna pola vsebuje 2 nalogi v delu A in 3 naloge v delu B. Število točk, ki jih lahko dosežete, je 57, od tega 20 v delu A in 37 v
delu B. Vsak pravilen odgovor je vreden eno (1) točko.
Rešitve, ki jih pišite z nalivnim peresom ali s kemičnim svinčnikom, vpisujte v izpitno polo v za to predvideni prostor. Pri 2.
nalogi dela A izpolnite še list za odgovore. Če boste pri tej nalogi pri posameznih postavkah izbrali več odgovorov, bodo
ocenjeni z nič (0) točkami. Pišite čitljivo. Če se zmotite, napisano prečrtajte in rešitev zapišite na novo. Nečitljivi zapisi in nejasni
popravki bodo ocenjeni z nič (0) točkami.
Zaupajte vase in v svoje zmožnosti. Želimo vam veliko uspeha.
Ta pola ima 12 strani, od tega 4 prazne.
© RIC 2011
2
M112-241-1-1
A) BRALNO RAZUMEVANJE (Priporočeni čas reševanja: 40 minut)
TASK 1: SHORT ANSWERS
Answer in note form in the spaces below. Use 1–5 words for each answer.
Example:
0. Which name do local people use for the Tasmanian tiger?
Tassie.
On the tail of a tiger in Tasmania
1. What surprised the author?
2. Why was the story about the creature hard to believe?
3. What are the people working in the woods like?
4. How does the Tasmanian tiger resemble other tigers?
5. What do the locals think about the tiger's extinction?
6. Why did “Benjamin" eventually become a museum exhibit?
7. Which official act increased the interest in the tiger?
8. How does Terry determine the credibility of the tiger's sightings?
9. Which tiger's feature do many tiger-hunters report of?
10. What was Terry reluctant to reveal?
M112-241-1-1
3
On the tail of a tiger in Tasmania
Adapted from an article in The Independent, 9 January 2010, by James Stewart
The tiger – or thylacine as it is usually
known because of its scientific name,
Thylacinus cynocephalus, which means
"pouched dog with a wolf's head" – is an
evolutionary concept-creature that bolts the
back half of a kangaroo on to a rangy dog the
size of an Alsatian. In Tasmania, however, it
goes under the name of Tassie.
My quest for the Tasmanian tiger started on
a bright summer morning in the back end of
Tasmania's north-west, as I wandered into an
office of Forestry Tasmania for advice about a
forest dirt road. The sketch map the official
offered was expected; not so his story. On that
same track a decade or so ago, he had seen a
creature that was not supposed to exist. And
not just him; loggers and surveyors, an oldtimer shacked up in the bush, all had glimpsed
the animal before it slipped away into one of
the most ancient rainforests on Earth.
Foresters are generally a practical bunch
who measure life by certainties such as
sawlogs and stray limbs lost to heavy
machinery. When they swear to a sighting, you
begin to wonder if there's truth after all to the
Tasmanian tiger.
There are really only two things you need
to know about the world's largest carnivorous
marsupial. The first is that it looks nothing like
its namesake except for the sandy orange coat
and stripes that extend down to a stiff tail. The
second is that it has been extinct for seven
decades. Or it has unless you ask around. Then
it turns out they're everywhere.
The first one I saw was in Hobart, the state
capital. In the Tasmanian Museum and Art
Gallery, a small crowd gathered around a
picture of a restless creature in the city zoo
with a slender snout that opened to a snake's
gape and a stiff gait that another believer later
compared to a dairy cow. When "Benjamin"
became history one chilly September night in
1936, he is thought to have taken the species
with him.
Start to look, however, and a tiger will be
there staring back at you. It gazed coolly from
the label on my bottle of Cascade beer. It
slinked into grass on the number plate of every
car in front. And tigers rampant flanked the
heraldic crest on state buildings – who needs
unicorns when you have a home-grown
fabulous beast?
No wonder tiger-hunters become obsessed.
To the newcomer, Tasmania is the surprise of
Australia. It is an island of hidden secrets in a
nation of infinite space; a place where real-life
devils utter banshee wails and moss-bearded
giants stand silently in forests that predate
mankind. In this Middle Earth of lost myths, a
legendary tiger is just part of the scenery, and
there's a lot of that to cover in a state that's
one-quarter wilderness.
Many otherwise eminent people have
suffered ridicule and nights cooped up in a
chicken shed with a camera in their pursuit.
The government mounted its own two-year
hunt in 1984 before it pronounced the species
extinct and devoted its energies to finding feral
foxes instead. That only contributed to the
Tasmanian tiger's popularity.
In this zoological X-Files, the 80-year-old
bushman Terry plays Mulder. Every couple of
months he listens patiently to an excited
witness, asks a few questions to weed out the
fakers, then follows up whoever is left. His
latest credible lead in half a lifetime's tigerchasing came from Lake Peddar in the southwest wilderness.
"A fellow who camped out there says he
heard one for three weekends in a row. He says
it ran so close he could smell it."
Many witnesses mention the smell – a
sharp, hot, animal stink that electrifies the air.
"Smelled it myself once," Terry said. "Makes
the hairs on your neck stand on end, I can tell
you."
The truth is out there, somewhere. Probably
– I dragged out of Terry – in the remote
northern corners of the state. So, in the late
afternoon I was bound for Scottsdale. A few
tiger-hunters still came here to shoot blurry
images, stalking the edge of old-growth
rainforest that had barely changed since
Tasmania ripped away from the global
supercontinent of Gondwanaland.
Around seven Tasmanian tiger sightings a
year, more than anywhere else in Tasmania,
were made up here in the half-century after
Hobart Zoo lost its star attraction.
© The Independent
4
M112-241-1-1
TASK 2: GAPPED SENTENCES
In the following extract 10 sentence parts have been removed.
Choose from the sentence parts A–K the one which fits each gap (1–10). There is one extra
sentence part which you do not need to use.
WRITE your answers in the spaces next to the numbers, then COMPLETE the answer sheet
according to the instructions on it.
There is an example at the beginning: Gap 0 (L).
Golden age of Indian writing: How a new generation of writers
is making waves in South Asia
Adapted from an article in The Independent, 17 July 2009, Andrew Buncombe
There was a time, not so long ago, when a visit to a Delhi bookshop to browse its section of
Indian literature would be a somewhat depressing experience. There would be a handful of stellar
stand-out names, of course; Salman Rushdie, Amitav Ghosh and one or two others. But the collection
would be a half-hearted affair, seemingly there more out of duty than joy, and usually it would be
hidden away at the back of the shop.
"Now, that has all completely changed," laughs V K Karthika, publisher and chief editor of
HarperCollins India. Now those books are at the front of the shop. What's more, they're actually the
books you want to read, (0 L ).
For more than a decade, India has been enjoying an English language literary boom. A newly
buoyant middle-class, better travelled, more curious and with more disposable income, has been
devouring books like never before. Almost every year now it appears (1 ___), for instance, pulp fiction
one year, chick-lit "sari fiction" the next, as Indian publishers find new ways to tap into the market and
reach out to more readers.
But more lately, this growth is spilling out across the hot and angry borders of the sub-continent.
New writers from Bangladesh are finding appreciative international audiences while the frisson
surrounding the new literary scene in Pakistan that has produced a handful of exciting new authors,
matches the buzz (2 ___).
In India, the growth seems more obviously apparent in the sheer variety of genres that now fill the
shelves. There is more fiction, non-fiction and travel writing than ever before; between them, the major
publishers now annually produce around 600 new titles each year. But within these broad headings
there is huge diversity (3 ___). Today's India is producing crime novels, comic-strip books, and
memoirs. There are books set around the campuses of the country's famed technology institutes, and
there are books about young Indian women smoking, drinking and falling in love with helpless,
inappropriate men.
"I am not sure that publishers are just looking for young writers – after all, everyone is young at
some point," says Meenakshi Reddy Madhavan, a journalist and writer of an originally anonymous Sex
and the City-style blog whose first novel, You Are Here, was published last year. "But publishers seem
to want new things. Ever since I can remember they have been looking for new things. So there are
many new genres."
Industry experts point out that previously Indian writers looking to make a literary career
(4 ___).That, however, is no longer the case. With the domestic Indian market now sufficiently strong,
M112-241-1-1
5
new writers can concentrate on what they want to write about rather than what they think they must
write about.
"I think it is a very healthy sign that many new writers are satisfied to write for local audiences
(5 ___)," says Amit Varma, another journalist-turned-author whose first novel, My Friend Sancho, was
nominated for last year's Man Asian Literary Prize. "This is exactly as it should be, and reflects a new
self-confidence in our writers. In any case, a story well told is a story well told, (6 ___). The best new
writing might well consist of local stories, but it travels well, as all good writing does."
As to how it is to be a writer today in India, he adds: "There are few better places to be a writer
than in the subcontinent. The 21st century co-exists with the 19th here, (7 ___), around us and in the
choices that we make. It's a time of great change and conflict, and this is fascinating for any writer to
document. There is no shortage of compelling human stories around us to inspire us."
And of course, amid this broadening pool of work, the already established writers are producing
new, convincing work. Amitav Ghosh's dense, erudite Sea of Poppies, the first part of what will be a
trilogy, was last year nominated for the Booker Prize, (8 ___). Also last year, Rushdie produced The
Enchantress of Florence. Meanwhile, just weeks ago, Vikram Seth announced that he was working on
a sequel to his post-Independence epic, A Suitable Boy. The follow-up, (9 ___), is to be titled A
Suitable Girl and will be set in contemporary India. "There are many, many changes in Indian society
but many things remain the same," he recently told The Independent. He said the greatest pleasure
would be to get back in touch with the characters (10 ___).
Yet for all the creativity taking place in India, it may be that the hottest "new thing" in South Asia is
currently beyond its borders. Ravi Singh, publisher of Penguin India, says the buzz in Pakistan and
even Bangladesh, where Tahmima Anam's debut, A Golden Age, had success in last year's
Commonwealth Writers' Prize, was especially exciting. "In that sense it is a golden age for the
subcontinent," says Singh. "In India, things are expanding because there is so much more of a
market."
© The Independent
A and don't try to cater to foreign tastes
B that there is a new trend
C which will be completed by 2011
D and knows no boundaries
E which it eventually didn't win
F and find out what has happened to them
G would have to aim for international success
H that India first experienced a decade ago
I
and they really sell well
J that would not have been imaginable a few years ago
K and tradition clashes with modernity all the time
L rather than the books you read because you feel you should
6
M112-241-1-1
B) POZNAVANJE IN RABA JEZIKA (Priporočeni čas reševanja: 40 minut)
TASK 1: GAP FILL
Write the missing words in the spaces on the right.
There is ONE word missing in each gap.
There is an example at the beginning: Gap 0.
Is veganism safe for kids?
Adapted from an article in The Guardian, 20 April 2010, by Joanna Moorehead
Can a vegan diet damage __0__ child's health? Social
workers in Lewisham believe it can, which is __1__ they tried to
take a five-year-old who appeared to have rickets into care. The
boy's parents have just won their legal battle to prevent this, and
they have also succeeded __2__ having their son removed from
the at-risk register.
The couple say they don't eat dairy products because asthma
runs in __3__ family, but they're not vegans, as social workers
claimed, because they do eat fish. However, the case raises
questions about __4__ difficult it is to nourish a young child
adequately on a restrictive diet – and whether the risks involved
are too great.
Paediatric dietician Helen Wilcock, a member of the British
Dietetic Association, says she tries __5__ to be judgmental about
the rights and wrongs of vegan diets for young children, but any
parent wanting to raise their child __6__ a vegan needs to be
very well-informed. "Vegan children can be deficient __7__
vitamin D, calcium, iron and possibly vitamin B, __8__ so they
need supplements," she says.
Another big issue is __9__ a vegan diet isn't very energydense: you have to eat a lot of it to get enough energy. But
children typically don't eat a lot, so getting enough calories into
them can be difficult. "I recommend adding oil to their food,"
Wilcock says, "because that gives them more calories."
Another difficulty is protein. "If a child eats meat and fish, it's
easy to get __10__ the right amino acids. But __11__ a child is
getting protein from pulses, the problem is that one type of bean
might not provide every amino acid, so __12__ has to be a good
balance of pulses. In other words, a child who only eats chicken
will get all the amino acids – but a child who only eats one type of
bean won't."
So information is the key – but do families really try to raise
their children on vegan diets __13__ being adequately informed?
Sometimes, says Wilcock, they do – often because they are
taken in by misleading information on the internet. And when a
vegan diet starts to go wrong, the first symptom is usually that the
child fails to thrive or grow properly. It's the shortage of calories
and protein that kicks in first, she says, with rickets usually much
further down the line. "Families are then referred to a dietician
like me __14__ advice – and every parent I've seen has been
happy to make the changes I've recommended, __15__ first and
foremost they want their child to be healthy."
© The Guardian
0.
your
1. ___________________________
2. ___________________________
3. ___________________________
4. ___________________________
5. ___________________________
6. ___________________________
7. ___________________________
8. ___________________________
9. ___________________________
10. ___________________________
11. ___________________________
12. ___________________________
13. ___________________________
14. ___________________________
15. ___________________________
M112-241-1-1
7
TASK 2: GAP FILL (Verbs)
Write the correct form of the verbs given in brackets in the spaces on the right.
There is an example at the beginning: Gap 0.
Trade in rhino horn fuels massive poaching surge in South Africa
Adapted from an article in The Guardian, 7 October 2009, by David Smith
An 'insatiable' demand for horn, with poaching at a 15-year high,
is stretching
__0__ (STRETCH) South Africa's abilities to protect its white rhinos 0.
and critically endangered black rhinos.
South Africa __1__ (WITNESS) a massive surge in rhino 1. ___________________________
poaching, an activity blamed on criminal syndicates striving to meet
an "insatiable appetite" for rhinoceros horn in east Asia.
2. ___________________________
Eighty-four rhinos __2__ (KILL) by poachers in the country so far
this year, a jump from the 13 deaths in 2007.
3. ___________________________
Kruger Park, a worldwide tourist attraction, has been hardest hit,
__3__ (SUFFER) the loss of 33 rhinos since January. Nineteen have
been killed in KwaZulu-Natal province, and some privately owned 4. ___________________________
reserves __4__ (LOSE) seven animals.
Conservationists say it is the biggest spike in poaching for 15 5. ___________________________
years and blame the smuggling trade connected to countries, such
as China and Vietnam, where rhino horn can fetch thousands of 6. ___________________________
pounds for its perceived medicinal value.
They say that Asian countries' strengthening trade links with 7. ___________________________
Africa have shortened the illegal supply chain. They also say more
sophisticated poaching methods __5__ (USE), with organised
8. ___________________________
criminal gangs flying in to game reserves by helicopter to kill rhinos,
hack off their horns and make a quick getaway.
South Africa has about 1,490 black rhinos, what is more than a 9. ___________________________
third of the world population of this critically endangered species.
There are about 16,275 southern white rhinos, 93% of the global total. 10. ___________________________
Yolan Friedmann, chief executive of the Endangered Wildlife
Trust, said the number of rhinos lost to poaching __6__ (RISE) from 11. ___________________________
an average of 10 a year to 100. "There has been a rampant increase
in South Africa," she said. "Poaching figures for this year __7__ 12. ___________________________
(ALREADY/SURPASS) the whole of last year. It's probably the worst
it's been for 15 years. There's a lot more money __8__ (GO) into
poaching and it's becoming more hi-tech. It's no longer just a man
with a bow and arrow wading through the bush. These guys are
using helicopters and AK-47 rifles."
She warned that initiatives used previously could not meet the
new threat. "Despite the once successful Save the Rhino project,
rhinos are under siege. South Africa __9__ (FACE) a crisis. We've
done extremely well in rhino conservation, but something has
changed in the past 18 months, there's an insatiable appetite for
rhino horn in the Far East."
Ground up and added to liquids, rhino horn has been used for
millennia in traditional Asian medicine to treat fevers and other
ailments.
Rumours have recently been circulating on the internet that a
Vietnamese government official claimed rhino horn cured his cancer,
potentially fuelling demand.
Last year a Vietnamese diplomat __10__ (CATCH) on camera
taking delivery of contraband rhino horn outside the Vietnamese
embassy in Pretoria.
There is also a lucrative market in Yemen and Oman for daggers
with rhino-horn handles‚ frequently __11__ (GIVE) to boys during
rites of passage. Poaching gangs, often from nearby countries, are
believed __12__ (EARN) about $200 (£125) a horn but once the
material has been transported, ground and mixed with other
substances it can sell for thousands of pounds on the black market.
Poachers' sentences and fines are usually negligible.
© The Guardian
8
M112-241-1-1
TASK 3: WORD FORMATION
Write the correct form of the words given in brackets in the spaces on the right.
There is an example at the beginning: Gap 0.
Tutankhamun: now we know who the mummy's mummy was
Adapted from an article in The Independent, 17 February 2010, by Chris Green
His autopsy took some time to complete – more than 3,000
years, in fact – but __0__ (SCIENCE) now believe they know 0.
why the Egyptian boy king Tutankhamun died, as well as who
1.
his parents and grandmother were.
After conducting an extensive analysis of the ancient
pharaoh's DNA, which they gathered from his mummified 2.
remains, the researchers concluded that a combination of
malaria and bone abnormalities contributed to his premature 3.
death at the age of 19 in 1324 BC.
Further tests appear to __1__ (IDENTITY) other members of 4.
the 18th dynasty of the New Kingdom, which ruled between
1550 and 1295 BC and was one of the most __2__ (POWER) 5.
royal houses of ancient Egypt. Ten other mummies found near
the boy king's tomb in the Valley of the Kings were tested but 6.
only three of them can be __3__ (SAFE) proved.
The study, published in the Journal of the American Medical 7.
Association today, was carried out by a team of archaeologists
led by Dr Zahi Hawass, one of the world's __4__ (LEAD) 8.
Egyptologists. Its aim was to determine the relationships
between 11 royal mummies of the New Kingdom, looking for 9.
common features which might have been caused by inherited
10.
disorders or infectious diseases.
It is now known that Tutankhamun's family suffered from a
bone disorder, and four of the mummies, including that of the
boy king, were found to have malaria. The __5__ (COMBINE) of
these two conditions, the researchers argue, probably proved
__6__ (FATE) in his case.
"These results suggest avascular bone necrosis in
conjunction with the malarial __7__ (INFECT) as the most likely
cause of death in Tutankhamun. Walking impairment and
malarial disease sustained by Tutankhamun is supported by the
__8__ (DISCOVER) of canes and an afterlife pharmacy in his
tomb," they concluded.
Little was known of the young pharaoh, who ruled Egypt for
just nine years, until the English archaeologist Howard Carter
discovered his tomb and its __9__ (PRICE) treasures in 1922.
In 1968, X-rays of his mummy seemed to show a swelling at
the base of the skull, suggesting that he had been killed by a
blow to the head and prompting some to surmise that he was
assassinated.
But a more recent study, which used a CT medical scanner
on his remains, revealed that Tutankhamun's leg had been badly
broken just above his knee before his death, an injury which may
have led to lethal blood __10__ (POISON). In 2007, further
evidence suggested that he sustained the fracture while hunting
on a chariot.
© The Independent
scientists
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
___________________________
M112-241-1-1
9
Prazna stran
10
M112-241-1-1
Prazna stran
M112-241-1-1
11
Prazna stran
12
M112-241-1-1
Prazna stran