Meteorology
Chapter 7 Worksheet 1 Name: ________________________________
Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer 1) Microscale winds generally last for: a) a few seconds. b) 1 to 2 hours. c) 1 to 2 days. d) 3 days or longer. 2) One type of lake‐effect storm that forms over the Great Lakes is characterized by a vortex shape. These vortices can range from 10 km to 100 km across. Based on their size, these storms would be classified as: a) microscale. b) mesoscale. c) synoptic scale. d) planetary scale. 3) Planetary scale flow such as trade‐winds are best classified as: a) microscale. b) mesoscale. c) synoptic. d) macroscale. 4) Which of the following is an example of a mesoscale wind? a) a traveling anticyclone b) waves in the westerlies c) a sea breeze d) hurricane 5) Synoptic scale circulations are of what size, approximately? a) under 1 km b) between 1 and 100 km c) between 100 and 5000 km d) between 1000 and 40,000 km 6) Land‐sea breezes and ________ are mesoscale winds. a) Santa Ana winds b) tornadoes c) hurricanes d) cold fronts e) occluded fronts 7) Chinook winds, land‐sea breezes and Santa Ana winds are examples of ________ circulations. a) microscale b) vortex c) synoptic d) macroscale e) mesoscale 8) The cyclones and anticyclones of the midlatitudes are part of the ________ circulation. a) microscale b) trade wind c) mesoscale d) synoptic or macroscale e) Hadley 9) Dust devils: a) can last for days. b) are most common in the tropics. c) are associated with convective clouds. d) form from the bottom up. e) do not occur over vegetated surfaces. 10) Winds are usually named for: a) the direction or place to which they are heading. b) the direction or place from which they are blowing. c) the approximate latitude of their origin. d) the altitude where they are strongest. 11) Which of the following associations is NOT correct? a) sea breeze — day time b) land breeze — blows from the sea onto the land c) mountain breeze — night time d) chinooks — leeward side of mountains 12) Which of these winds is not influenced very much by the Coriolis effect? a) Northeast trades b) mid latitude westerlies c) sea breeze d) jet stream 13) Which mesoscale circulation affects Chicago? a) land‐sea breeze b) katabatic wind c) anabatic wind d) mountain‐valley breeze e) cold fronts 14) A Santa Ana (or Chinook or Foehn) wind is a: a) wind that is peculiar to the China mainland. b) wind associated with a blizzard. c) cold, damp wind blowing off snow fields. d) very dry, warm wind coming down a mountain slope. 15) The Native American term chinook means: a) mountain wind. b) big storm. c) cold sun. d) snow eater. 16) Chinook and foehn winds are warm because: a) they are warmed adiabatically as they sink downslope. b) they blow out of areas experiencing intense solar heating. c) they occur primarily in deserts. d) they only occur in the tropics. 17) Urban heat islands induce ________. a) foehn winds b) mistral winds c) country breezes d) city breezes 18) Haboobs: a) never occur outside of Northern Africa. b) do not occur more than once or twice a year. c) are usually only a few meters high. d) are dust storms triggered by intense thunderstorms. 19) According to Hadley, the most important factor causing circulation patterns in the atmosphere was: a) high‐low pressure distribution. b) subsidence. c) convection. d) equator‐pole temperature contrast. 20) G. Hadley's ideas about atmospheric circulations were concerned with the a) macroscale. b) synoptic scale. c) microscale. d) mesoscale. 21) Summertime wildfires in California are fanned by: a) the westerlies. b) katabatic winds. c) the Santa Ana winds. d) Hadley circulations. 22) What changes have increased the risk associated with the Santa Ana winds in southern California? a) Commonly used landscape trees are more flammable than naturally occurring vegetation. b) Climate change has increased the local rainfall, leading to mudslides. c) Very little flammable material exists anymore in the landscape, so houses burn more easily. d) There hasn't been an increased risk — people have started building outside of fire zones now. 23) Why do westerly winds prevail at upper altitudes? a) rotation of the earth b) lower air density c) absence of friction d) rotation of the earth and equator to pole temperature contrast e) equator to pole temperature contrast Circle “T” if the statement is true or “F” if the statement is false T F 24) Trade winds are a smaller macroscale wind phenomenon than a cyclone. T F 25) Dust devils and tornadoes form under similar conditions; tornadoes are just much stronger.
T F 26) A sea breeze is usually best developed early in the morning.
T F 27) Sea breezes are more likely at night, while land breezes are more likely during the day.
T F 28) Katabatic winds have a cooling effect, and chinook winds have a warming effect. T F 29) The chinook wind has been known to cause rapid increases in temperature in the Denver, CO area. T F 30) Country breezes occur partly because concrete and asphalt are low albedo surfaces. T F 31) The 'bora' is an example of a katabatic wind that blows toward the Adriatic Sea. T F 32) The bora and mistral are local names given to chinook winds.
T F 33) The northeast trades are found between 60 degrees and 30 degrees North. T F 34) George Hadley correctly described the general circulation of the atmosphere. T F 35) The region where the trade winds meet is sometimes called the doldrums. T F 36) The only true zonal distribution of pressure exists in the region of the subpolar low in the Southern Hemisphere. Answer the following questions 37) Describe the surface wind direction and the winds aloft direction for the northern hemisphere on a non‐
rotating Earth. Assume a smooth, uniform Earth. 38) The southeast and northeast trades converge at the ________. 39) Name the four major pressure zones that occur in each hemisphere. 40) Name two examples of semi‐permanent low‐pressure centers.