E-ISSN: 2278-3229
IJGHC, September 2014 – November -2014; Sec. B; Vol.3, No.4, 1722-1725.
International Journal of Green and
Herbal Chemistry
An International Peer Review E-3 Journal of Sciences
Available online atwww.ijghc.com
Section A: Green Chemistry
Research Notes
CODEN (USA): IJGHAY
Essential Oil Constituents from two types of
Psidium guajava Leaves from Bangladesh
Katrun Nada, Jasim Uddin Chowdhury, Md Nurul Huda Bhuiyan1 and
Matiar Rahim1
BCSIR Laboratories, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
1
IFST, BCSIR, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
Received: 18 July 2014; Revised: 06 September 2014; Accepted: 15 September 2014
Abstract: Abstract: Essential oils from leaves of deshi and kazi variety of Psidium
guajava from Bangladesh were analyzed by GC-MS. The major components in deshi
variety were
cycloheptane,4-methylene-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-1-propen-1-yl)-1vinyl (51%), alloaromadendrene oxide (14.5%), bicyclo [5.2.0] nonane, 2- methylene4,8,8- trimethyl-4-vinyl (12.1%), trans-nerolidol (6.9%) and in kazi variety were transnerolidol (22.1%), α-pinene (14.8%), caryophyllene (12.5%), δ-cadinol (10.4%), 1,4,7cycloundecatriene,1,5,9,9-tetramethyl (9.5%), globulol ( 8.3%).
Key Words: Psidium guajava; leaf essential oil; cycloheptane, 4-methylene-1-methyl-2(2-methyl-1-1-propen-1-yl)-1-vinyl; alloaromadendrene oxide; trans-nerolidol; α-pinene.
INTRODUCTION
Psidium guajava belongs to the family Myrtaceae is a native of tropical America and has long been
naturalized in Southeast Asia, is a popular edible fruit plant in Bangladesh as rich sources of
vitamin C (Anoymous 2009, Yusuf et al 2009)1,2. Medicinally the plant is useful in various diseases
like constipation, fever (Nadkarni 1999) 3, diarrhoea & dysentery (Burkill 2002, Conway 2001) 4,5,
cough and cold (Wyk et al 1997)6, mouthwash (Conway 2001)5, rheumatism (Ayenshu 1978)7, skin
diseases (Ticzon 1997)8, gout (Conway 2001)5, kidney problems (Ayenshu 1978)7, malaria
(Nundkumar et al 2002)9, oral care (Burkill 1997)4 etc.
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Katrun et al.
The essential oil has also been proven to have anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and antiarthritic activity
(Kavimani et al 1997) 10. Several reports have been published regarding the volatile oil compound of
guava leaves 11,14 (Tuckerand et al 1995, Ogunwande et al 2003, Pino et al 2001, Osman et al. 1974).
Adam et al (2011)15 reported the presence of β-caryophyllene (18.3%), selin-11-en-4a-ol (6.9%),
α-cadinol (3.6%), (E)-nerolidol (3.2%) from the plants of French Polynesia. Major constituents
identified by Chen et al (2007)16 were β-caryophyllene (27.7%), α-pinene (14.7%) and 1,8-cineol
(12.4%). Paniandy et al (2000)17 reported β-caryophyllene (24.1%), nerolidol (17.3%), 3phenylpropyl acetate (5.3%) and caryophyllene oxide (5.1%) as major volatile constituents present in
the hydrodistilled essential oil. Pino et al (2001)13 reported β-caryophyllene (21.61%), (E)-nerolidol
(19.2%), selin-11-en-4a-ol (13.4%) as major constituents from Cuba. The major constituents reported
by Li et al (1999)18 were caryophyllene (18.8%), copaene (11.80%), 1H-cycloprop[e]azulenedecahydro-1, 1, 7-trimethyl-4-methylene (10.27%), eucalyptol (7 .36%).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Extraction of essential oil: Fresh leaves from deshi and kazi variety of P. guajava were collected
from Dhaka and Kurigram respectively. The oils were obtained by hydrodistillation using Clevenger’s
apparatus for four hrs and dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate.
GC-MS analysis: The essential oils from leaves of two types of P. guajava were analyzed by GCMS electron impact ionization (EI) method on GC-17A gas chromatograph (Shimadzu) coupled to a
GC-MS QP 5050A Mass Spectrometer (Shimadzu); fused silica capillary column (30m x 2.5mm; 0.25
m film thickness), coated with DB-1 (J&W); column temperature 100oC (2 min) to 250oC at the rate
of 3oC/min; carrier gas, helium at constant pressure of 90Kpa. Acquisition parameters full scan; scan
range 40-350 amu. The compounds were identified by comparing with the NIST library data.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The oils extracted from deshi and kazi varieties of P. guajava were analyzed by GC-MS for
composition determinations for the first time in Bangladesh presented in table-1. The major
constituents in deshi variety were cycloheptane,4-methylene-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propen-1-yl)-1vinyl(51%), alloaromadendrene oxide(14.54%), bicyclo[5.2.0]nonane,2-methy lene -4,8,8-trimethyl4-vinyl (12.08%), trans-nerolidol(6.93%) and in kazi variety were trans-nerolidol (22.1%), globulol (
8.32%),δ-cadinol(10.39%), caryophyllene (12.54%), α-pinene (14.76%), 1,4,7-cycloundecatriene,1,5,
9,9-tetramethyl (9.53%). The other notable compounds found in deshi variety are 1,4,7cycloundecatriene, 1,5,9,9-tetramethyl (3.62%), androstan-17-one,3-ethyl-3-hydroxy (4.13%),
copaene (3.26%), ledol (4.1%), trans-nerolidol (6.93%) and in kazi variety alloaromadendrene
(4.32%), copaene (5.07%), di-epi-α-cedrene (5.05%), epiglobulol (3.52%), ledol (2.6%).
Results show that there are marked differences in the components of the two varieties. Most of the
major components present in one variety are found absent from another variety. The commonly
present major compounds 1,4,7-Cycloundecatriene, 1,5,9,9-tetramethyl and trans-nerolidol also varies
in concentrations.
Presence of major compounds reported elsewhere were caryophyllene (Li et al 1999)18, (E)-nerolidol
,13,15,17
(Adam et al 2011, Pino et al 2001, Paniandy et al 2000), α-pinene (Chen et al 2007)16, copaene
(Li et al 1999) 18.
Oils of the Bangladeshi varieties of P. guajava shows remarkable differences in the types of
compounds reported elsewhere.
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Katrun et al.
Table-1: Essential oil constituents of two types of P. guajava leaf
Sl.No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Compounds
RI
1,4,7-Cycloundecatriene, 1,5,9,9-tetramethyl
Alloaromadendrene
3-Buten-1-ol,3-methyl,benzoate
Alloaromadendrene oxide
Androstan-17-one,3-ethyl-3-hydroxy
α-Pinene
Benzyl benzoate
Bicyclo[5.2.0]nonane,2-methylene-4,8,8-trimethyl-4vinyl
Caryophyllene
Copaene
Cubenol
Cycloheptane,4-methylene-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1propen-1-yl)-1-vinyl
δ-Cadinol
Di-epi-α-Cedrene
Epiglobulol
Globulol
Ledol
Linalool
Trans-Nerolidol
1579
1386
1425
1462
2251
948
1733
1407
Percent content
Deshi
Kazi
3.62
9.53
4.32
0.18
14.45
4.13
14.76
0.17
12.08
-
1494
1221
1580
1475
3.26
51.0
12.54
5.07
1.81
-
1580
1375
1530
1530
1530
1082
1564
4.10
0.08
6.93
10.39
5.05
3.52
8.32
2.60
22.10
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* Corresponding author: Jasim Uddin Chowdhury;
BCSIR Laboratories, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.
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