Name: _________________________________________________________________ Date: ________ ABC# ________
Chapter 8 Guided Reading
USE YOUR BOOK TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN COMPLETE SENTENCES
SECTION 1:
1. What are the three most common states of matter? (list)
2. What is a state of matter?
3. Matter is made up of ______________________ and ______________________.
Match the correct description with the correct state of matter. Write the letter(s) in the space provided.
______ 4. Particles do not move fast enough to over-come the strong attraction between them.
______ 5. Particles move independently of each other.
______ 6. Particles are close together but can slide past one another.
______ 7. Particles are close together and vibrate in place.
a. solid
b. liquid
c. gas
_____ 8, Particles move fast enough to overcome nearly all of the attraction between them.
______ 9. The particles of matter that make up a solid
a. have a weaker attraction than those of a liquid.
b. do not move at all.
c. do not move fast enough to overcome the force of attraction.
d. move from place to place.
10. How are the particles in a CRYSTALLINE SOLID arranged?
11. How are the particles in an AMORPHOUS SOLID arranged?
12. A beaker and a graduated cylinder each contain 350 mL of juice. What does this show you about the force of attraction
between the particles that make up a liquid? EXPLAIN
13. ____________________ ____________________ is the term that describes the “film” that forms on the surface of
liquids caused by the attraction between particles.
14. _______________________________ is the term that describes how different types of matter in the liquid state
resist flowing.
Name: _________________________________________________________________ Date: ________ ABC# ________
15. How is it possible for one tank of helium to fill 700 balloons? Why would the same size tank of liquid helium fill
far fewer balloons? EXPLAIN
SECTION 2:
16. __________________________________ is the term used to describe the AVERAGE KINETIC ENERGY of the
particles in a sample of matter.
17. Why is more helium needed to fill helium balloons on a cold day? EXPLAIN using your understanding of the
motion and spacing of particles of matter in the gas state.
18. _________________________ is the measure of the amount of space that an object takes up.
19. The volume of any gas depends upon the size of the _________________________________.
SECTION 3:
20. ___ Which has the most energy?
a. particles in steam
b. particles in liquid water
c. particles in ice
d. particles in freezing water
21. List the five changes of state.
__________________ _________________ __________________ ____________________ __________________
22. The temperature at which a substance changes from SOLID to LIQUID is the ____________
substance.
__________ of the
23. The temperature at which a substance changes from LIQUID to SOLID is the ___________ __________ of the
substance.
24. The FREEZING POINT OF WATER is ______________ and the MELTING POINT OF WATER is ____________.
25. _____ The change of a substance from a liquid to a gas at the surface of the liquid
26. _____ The change of state from a gas to a liquid
27. _____ The temperature at which a LIQUID changes to a SOLID
a. boiling point
b. condensation
c. evaporation
d. freezing point
28. _____ Tthe temperature at which a liquid boils (liquid to gas)
29. The MELTING POINT of a substance is the same as its ___________________ POINT.
Name: _________________________________________________________________ Date: ________ ABC# ________
30. The change in state from a SOLID DIRECTLY TO A GAS is called ___________________________________
31. Solid carbon dioxide isn’t ice. Why is it called “dry ice”?
32. The temperature of a substance does not change before the ____________ ________________ is complete.
33. Which of the following sentences best describes the process that happens when liquid water becomes ice?
A. Energy is added to the water, so its particles move more slowly.
B. Energy is added to the water, so its particles move more quickly.
C. Energy is removed from the water, so its particles lock into place.
D. Energy is removed from the water, so its particles move more randomly.
34. Which of the following could describe oxygen at room temperature?
A. It has a constant volume and a definite shape.
B. It has a constant volume but takes the shape of its container.
C. Its particles move fast enough to overcome the attraction between them.
D. Its particles have a very orderly, three-dimensional arrangement.
35. A cup filled to the rim with water was left at room temperature overnight. The figure above shows how much water
was left the next morning. Which of the following is a reasonable hypothesis for what happened to the water?
A. The water molecules at the surface lost enough energy to evaporate.
B. The water molecules at the surface gained enough energy to evaporate.
C. The water molecules at the surface lost enough energy to condense.
D. The water molecules at the surface gained enough energy to sublimate.
36. In a laboratory investigation on changes of state, LouAnne observes that the melting point of water is 0°C and that the
freezing point of water is 5°C. What conclusion can LouAnne draw from these observations?
A. Both melting and freezing are exothermic reactions.
B. Water boils at 0ºC at normal atmospheric pressure.
C. Melting and freezing cannot occur at the same temperature.
D. She made an error in her measurements.
37. How do the particles of water that evaporate from an open container differ from the particles that
remain?
A. The evaporated particles have less speed.
B. The evaporated particles have greater order and more speed.
C. The evaporated particles have less energy.
D. The evaporated particles have more speed and higher energy.
38. .Which of the following occurs when a liquid becomes a gas?
A. The particles create energy.
B. The particles break away from one another.
C. The particles clump together.
D. The particles stop moving.
39. The drops of water that appear on the outside of a glass of cold juice on a warm day are an
example of ______________________.
40. As ICE is heated, the temperature doesn’t change until all of the ____________ has ___________________ .