DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY
HI267
THE RENAISSANCE IN EUROPE
HANDBOOK 2008-09
Module Director:
Jonathan Davies
www.warwick.ac.uk/go/renaissanceineurope
CONTENTS
Module Details
1
Key Texts
3
Timetable
5
Topic 1: Contemporary Views of the Renaissance
6
Topic 2: The Renaissance in Historical Thought
7
Topic 3: Education and Learning
8
Topic 4: The Self in the Renaissance
11
Topic 5: Renaissance Cities
15
Topic 6: Princes and Republics
19
Topic 7: Courts and Courtiers
21
Topic 8: Renaissance and Reform
23
Topic 9: Gender and Race
26
Topic 10: Satire and Subversion
29
1
MODULE DETAILS
Aims and Objectives
This module aims to provide an introduction to the methodological and theoretical
issues involved in studying the Renaissance across Europe. It serves both to
encourage you to think in theoretical terms about the ways in which the
experience of cultural change can be historically reconstructed and to expose you
to the opportunities and problems presented by a variety of evidence. These
sources include autobiographies, letters, dialogues, novels, satires, plays, and
educational, architectural, and political treatises as well as painting, sculpture,
and architecture. The module draws on insights from neighbouring disciplines
including art history, classics, gender studies, literary studies, politics, and race
studies.
Context
The module builds on the foundations laid by the first year core module, “The
Medieval World” (HI127). It also supports the second year core module “The
European World, 1500-1720” (HI203).
The module provides a useful
preparation for students taking the modules “Florence and Venice in the
Renaissance” (HI320), “Arts and Society in Early Modern Europe” (HI397), and
“Florence in the Age of Dante” (HI367).
Teaching and Learning
The module will be taught through weekly lectures, fortnightly 1.25 hour
seminars, and individual meetings to discuss feedback on your short essays.
Three non-assessed essays are required, of about 2000 words each, due by the
end of week 7 in terms 1 and 2, and the end of week 4 in term 3.
Assessment
Students may choose EITHER a 3-hour, three-question exam paper (100%), OR
a 2-hour, two-question paper plus a 4,500 word essay (50% each).
Expected Learning Outcomes
By the end of the module the student should be able to:
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Identify and evaluate the most frequently used sources (archival, literary,
and visual) for the study of the Renaissance.
Communicate ideas and findings both orally and in writing to peers and to
tutors.
Engage in the analysis of a body of source material by using relevant
information technology.
Analyse and evaluate the contributions made by existing interdisciplinary
scholarship on the Renaissance.
Develop the ability to contextualise the Renaissance.
Seminar Preparation
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All students are expected to read the key texts for each seminar.
In consultation with the tutor, each student is also expected to prepare
one of the questions for each seminar.
2
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Notes on the question (about one side of A4) should be posted on the
module forum at least one day before the seminar.
3
KEY TEXTS
Introductory Reading
Before starting the module, you are encouraged to buy and read copies of the
following books:
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Martin, John Jeffries, ed., The Renaissance: Italy and Abroad (London:
Routledge, 2003)
Woolfson,
Jonathan,
ed.,
Palgrave
Advances
in
Renaissance
Historiography (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2004)
Seminar Reading
Seminars will be focused on the following texts. Almost all of them are available
online. However, you may wish to buy your own copies, particularly of those
texts which interest you most. In which case, these editions are recommended.
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Burckhardt, Jacob, The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, trans.
S.G.C. Middlemore, ed. Peter Burke (Harmondsworth: Penguin 1990).
Online translation.
Cardano, Girolamo, The Book of My Life, trans. Jean Stoner with an
introduction by Anthony Grafton (New York: The New York Review of
Books, 2002).
Castiglione, Baldesar, The Book of the Courtier, ed. Daniel Javitch, trans.
Charles S. Singleton (New York: Norton, 2002). Online copy of Sir
Thomas Hoby's 1561 English translation.
Cellini, Benvenuto, My Life, ed. and trans. Julia Conaway Bondanella and
Peter Bondanella (Oxford: OUP, 2002). An online edition is available
through NetLibrary.
Cervantes, Miguel de, Don Quixote, ed. and trans. John Rutherford
(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 2003). An online edition is available through
NetLibrary.
Erasmus, The Praise of Folly, ed. Robert M. Adams (New York: Norton,
1990). Online translation.
Guarino, Battista, 'De ordine docendi et studendi', in W.H. Woodward, ed.
and trans, Vittorino da Feltre and Other Humanist Educators (Cambridge,
1912), pp. 159-78. Hanover Historical Texts Project.
Machiavelli, Niccolò, Discourses on Livy, ed. and trans. Julia Conaway
Bondanella and Peter Bondanella (Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2003). Online translation.
Machiavelli, Niccolò, The Prince, ed. and trans. Peter Bondanella and Mark
Musa (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998). Online translation.
Montaigne, Michel de, The Complete Essays, ed. and trans. M.A. Screech
(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1993). An online edition is available through
NetLibrary.
More, Thomas, Utopia, ed. Robert M. Adams and George M. Logan
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002). An online edition is
available through NetLibrary.
Palladio, Andrea, The Four Books of Architecture (New York: Dover,
1977). An online edition is available through NetLibrary.
Petrarch, Francesco, 'Letter to Posterity' in Francesco Petrarca, Selections
from the Canzoniere and Other Works, trans. Mark Musa (Oxford: OUP,
1999), pp. 1-10. Online translation.
Petrarch, Francesco, The Secret , ed. and trans. Carol E. Quillen (New
York: Bedford St Martin's, 2003).
4
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Rabelais, Francois, Gargantua and Pantagruel, ed. and trans. M.A. Screech
(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 2006). An online edition is available through
NetLibrary.
Shakespeare, William, The Merchant of Venice, ed. J.L. Halio (Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 1998). Online edition.
Shakespeare, William, Much Ado About Nothing, ed. Sheldon P. Zitner
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993). Online edition.
Shakespeare, William, Othello, ed. Michael Neill (Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 2006). Online edition.
Shakespeare, William, The Taming of the Shrew, ed. Ann Thompson
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003). Online edition.
Vasari, Giorgio, The Lives of the Artists, ed. and trans. George Bull, 2 vols
(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1987) Online translation.
Vergerio, Pier Paolo, 'De ingenuis moribus', in W.H. Woodward, ed. and
trans, Vittorino da Feltre and Other Humanist Educators (Cambridge,
1897), pp. 93-118. Scanned copy
5
TIMETABLE
Lectures will be held from 10.00 to 11.00 on Fridays in H3.22. Seminars will
meet from 9.30 to 11.00 on Thursdays in room H2.44.
Week
Term 1,
Week 1
Lecture
Introduction
Week 2
Fourteenth- and Fifteenth-century Views
of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance
Week 3
Vasari and the Rebirth of the Visual Arts
Week 4
Seminar
The Renaissance in the Nineteenth
Century
Contemporary Views of
the Renaissance
Week 5
The Renaissance in the Twentieth Century
Week 6
Reading Week
Week 7
Renaissance Humanism
Week 8
Renaissance Education
Week 9
Literary Self-Portraits
Education and Learning
Week 10
Visual Self-Portraits
Long Essay Discussion
Term 2,
Week 1
Public Buildings
Week 2
Private Buildings
Week 3
Ancient and Modern in Renaissance
Political Thought
Week 4
Renaissance States
Week 5
Renaissance Courts
Week 6
Reading Week
Week 7
Castiglione’s Courtier
Week 8
Christian Humanism
Week 9
Erasmus, More, and Reform
Week 10
Gender Roles
Term 3,
Week 1
The Renaissance in
Historical Thought
The Self in the
Renaissance
Renaissance Cities
Princes and Republics
Courts and Courtiers
Renaissance and Reform
Racial Identities
Week 2
Renaissance Satire
Gender and Race
Week 3
Rabelais and Cervantes
Satire and Subversion
6
TOPIC 1: CONTEMPORARY VIEWS OF THE RENAISSANCE
Lectures
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Fourteenth- and Fifteenth-century Views of the Middle Ages and the
Renaissance
Vasari and the Rebirth of the Visual Arts
Seminar Questions
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How were the Middle Ages and the Renaissance viewed in the fourteenth
and fifteenth centuries?
What was the 'rebirth' according to Giorgio Vasari?
Key Texts
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Gombrich, E.H., ‘Renaissance and Golden Age’, Journal of the Warburg
and Courtauld Institutes 24 (1961), 306-309.
McLaughlin, M.L., ‘Humanist Concepts of Renaissance and Middle Ages in
the Tre- and Quattrocento’, Renaissance Studies 2 (1988), 131-142.
Mommsen, Theodor, ‘Petrarch’s Conception of the "Dark Ages"’, Speculum
17 (1942), 226-242.
Vasari, Giorgio, 'Preface to the Lives', 'Preface to Part Two', and 'Preface
to Part Three', in Giorgio Vasari, The Lives of the Artists, ed. and trans.
George Bull, 2 vols (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1987), I, pp.25-47, 83-93,
249-254. [For an online translation, click here. For an online edition,
click here].
E-resources
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Francesco Petrarch and Laura de Noves.
Vasari, Giorgio, Le Vite delle più eccellenti pittori, scultori, ed architettori.
Edizioni Giuntina e Torrentiniana.
Further Reading
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Ascoli, Albert Russell, 'Petrarch's Middle Age: Memory, Imagination,
History, and the 'Ascent of Mount Ventoux', Stanford Italian Review 10
(1991), 5-43.
Barriault, Anne B., et al., eds, Reading Vasari (London, 2005).
Boase, T.S.R., Giorgio Vasari: The Man and the Book (Princeton, N.J.,
1979).
Ferguson, Wallace K., The Renaissance in Historical Thought (Cambridge,
Mass., 1948; Toronto, 2006).
Mazzotta, Giuseppe, The Worlds of Petrarch (Durham, NC, 1993)
[Chapters 1 and 5].
Rubin, Patricia Lee, Giorgio Vasari: Art and History (New Haven, 1995).
7
TOPIC 2: THE RENAISSANCE IN HISTORICAL THOUGHT
Lectures
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The Renaissance in the Nineteenth Century
The Renaissance in the Twentieth Century
Seminar Questions
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What were the key features of the Renaissance according to Jacob
Burckhardt?
Was the Renaissance a period or a movement?
Key Texts
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Burckhardt, Jacob, The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, trans.
S.G.C. Middlemore, ed. Peter Burke (Harmondsworth, 1990). Online
edition
Gombrich, E.H., ‘The Renaissance - Period or Movement?’, in A.G. Dickens
et al., Background to the English Renaissance. Introductory Lectures
(London, 1974), pp.9-30
Gombrich, E.H., In Search of Cultural History (Oxford, 1969). [Rept. in
E.H. Gombrich, Ideals and Idols: Essays on Values in History and in Art
(London, 1979), pp.24-59). Scanned copy
Starn, Randolph, ‘A Postmodern Renaissance?’, Renaissance Quarterly 60
(2007), 1-24.
E-resources
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The Gombrich Archive
Further Reading
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Bouwsma, William J., ‘The Renaissance and the Drama of Western History
’, American Historical Review, 84 (1979): pp.1-15.
Ferguson, Wallace K., The Renaissance in Historical Thought (Cambridge,
Mass., 1948; Toronto, 2006).
Martin, John Jeffries, ed., The Renaissance: Italy and Abroad (London,
2003).
Panofsky, Erwin, Renaissance and Renascences in Western Art
(Stockholm, 1960; rpt New. York, 1969).
Welch, Evelyn S., Art in Renaissance Italy, 1350-1500 (Oxford, 2000).
Woolfson,
Jonathan,
ed.,
Palgrave
Advances
in
Renaissance
Historiography (Basingstoke, 2004).
See also the articles by William Bouwsma, Paula Findlen, Kenneth
Gouwens, Anthony Grafton and Randolph Starn in American Historical
Review, 103 (1998), pp.51-121.
8
TOPIC 3: EDUCATION AND LEARNING
Lectures
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Renaissance Humanism
Renaissance Education
Seminar Questions
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How have views of Renaissance humanism changed since 1940?
Where and why did humanism develop in the fourteenth and fifteenth
centuries?
What are the aims of education according to Pier Paolo Vergerio and how
are these to be achieved?
What are the aims of education according to Battista Guarino and how are
these to be achieved?
Key Texts
Humanism
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Black, Robert, 'Humanism', in Christopher Allmand, ed., The New
Cambridge Medieval History, VII (Cambridge, 1998), pp.243-77. Scanned
copy
Hankins, James, 'Renaissance Humanism and Historiography Today', in
Jonathan Woolfson, ed., Palgrave Advances in Renaissance Historiography
(Basingstoke, 2004), pp.73-96.
Kristeller, P.O., ‘Humanism and Scholasticism in the Italian Renaissance’,
Byzantion 17 (1944-45), 346-374 [Reprinted in P.O. Kristeller,
Renaissance Thought: The Classic,Scholastic, and Humanistic Strains
(New York, 1961), pp. 92-119, 153-66.
Education
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Vergerio, Pier Paolo, 'De Ingenuis Moribus', in W.H. Woodward, ed. and
trans, Vittorino da Feltre and Other Humanist Educators (Cambridge,
1897), pp.93-118.
Guarino, Battista, 'De Ordine Docendi et Studendi', in W.H. Woodward, ed.
and trans, Vittorino da Feltre and Other Humanist Educators (Cambridge,
1897), pp.159-78. Hanover Historical Texts Project
E-resources
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Benozzo Gozzoli, The School of Tagaste (scene 1, north wall), 1464-65,
Apsidal chapel, Sant'Agostino, San Gimignano.
Vergerio, Pier Paolo, De Ingenuis Moribus. 1480 edition.
9
Further Reading
General
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Grafton, Anthony, and Lisa Jardine, From Humanism to the Humanities:
Education and the Liberal Arts in Fifteenth- and Sixteenth-Century Europe
(London, 1986).
Humanism
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Baron, Hans, The Crisis of the Early Italian Renaissance: Civic Humanism
and Republican Liberty in an Age of Classicism and Tyranny (Princeton,
NJ, 1955)
Black, Robert, ‘The Origins of Humanism, its Educational Context and its
Early Development: A Review Article of Ronald Witt’s In the Footsteps of
the Ancients’, Vivarium 40/2 (2002), 272-297.
Black, Robert, 'The Renaissance and Humanism: Definitions and Origins',
in Jonathan Woolfson, ed., Palgrave Advances in Renaissance
Historiography (Basingstoke, 2004), pp. 97-117.
D'Amico, John F., Renaissance Humanism in Papal Rome: Humanists and
Churchmen on the Eve of the Reformation (Baltimore, MA, 1983)
Godman, Peter, From Poliziano to Machiavelli: Florentine Humanism in
the High Renaissance (Princeton, NJ, 1998)
Grey, Hanna, 'Renaissance Humanism: The Pursuit of Eloquence', Journal
of the History of Ideas 24 (1963), 497-514.
Hankins, James, ‘The “Baron Thesis” after Forty Years and Some Recent
Studies of Leonardo Bruni’, Journal of the History of Ideas 56 (1995),
309-338.
King, Margaret L., Venetian Humanism in an Age of Patrician Dominance
(Princeton, NJ, 1986)
Kohl, Benjamin, 'The Changing Concept of the Studia Humanitatis in the
Early Renaissance', Renaissance Studies 6 (1992), 185-209.
Nauert, Charles G., Jr., Humanism and the Culture of Renaissance Europe,
2nd ed. (Cambridge, 2006).
Overfield, James H., Humanism and Scholasticism in Late Medieval
Germany (Princeton, NJ, 1984)
Petrarca, Francesco, Invectives, ed. and trans. David Marsh (Cambridge,
Mass., 2003) [Especially 'Invectives Against a Physician' and 'On His Own
Ignorance and That of Many Others'].
Quillen, Carol Everhart, 'Humanism and the Lure of Antiquity', in John
Najemy, ed., Italy in the Age of the Renaissance (Oxford, 2004), pp. 3758.
Rummel, Erika, The Humanist-Scholastic Debate in the Renaissance and
Reformation (Cambridge, Mass., 1998).
Witt, Ronald G., In the Footsteps of the Ancients: The Origins of
Humanism from Lovato to Bruni (Leiden, 2000).
Education
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Black, Robert, 'Education and the Emergence of a Literate Society', in
John Najemy, ed., Italy in the Age of the Renaissance (Oxford, 2004), pp.
18-36.
Black, Robert, Humanism and Education in Medieval and Renaissance Italy
(Cambridge, 2002).
10
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Black, Robert, ‘Italian Renaissance Education: Changing Perspectives and
Continuing Controversies’, Journal of the History of Ideas 52/2 (1991),
315-334.
Black, Robert, 'Reply to Paul Grendler', Journal of the History of Ideas,
52/3 (1991), 519-520.
Grafton, Anthony, and Lisa Jardine, 'Humanism and the School of Guarino:
A Problem of Evaluation', Past and Present 96 (Aug., 1982), 51-80.
Grendler, Paul F., 'Reply to Robert Black', Journal of the History of Ideas,
52/2 (1991), 335-337.
Grendler, Paul F., Renaissance Education Between Religion and Politics
(Aldershot, 2006).
Grendler, Paul F., Schooling in Renaissance Italy: Literacy and Learning,
1300-1600 (Baltimore, MA, 1989).
Kallendorf, Craig, ed. and trans., Humanist Educational Treatises
(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2002) [For the original texts
and modern translations of Vergerio and Guarino].
McManamon, John M., Pierpaolo Vergerio the Elder: The Humanist as
Orator (Tempe, AZ, 1996).
Robey, David, 'Humanism and Education in the Early Quattrocento: The
De Ingenuis Moribus of Pier Paolo Vergerio the Elder', Bibliothèque
d'Humanisme et Renaissance 42/1 (1980), 27-58.
11
TOPIC 4: THE SELF IN THE RENAISSANCE
Lectures
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Literary Self-Portraits
Visual Self-Portraits
Seminar Questions
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How similar are Petrarch's self-portraits in the Letter to Posterity and The
Secret and how are they different?
What are Cellini's aims in writing My Life and how successfully does he
achieve them?
How far is Girolamo Cardano's The Book of My Life shaped by astrology?
'It is the only book of its kind in the world, in its conception wild and
fantastically eccentric. Nothing in this work of mine is worthy of notice
except that bizarre quality...' (Montaigne) Is this a fair judgement of the
Essays?
In which ways did self-portraits of artists change between 1400 and 1600?
Key Texts
Petrarch and Cellini
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Petrarch, Francesco, 'Letter to Posterity', in Francesco Petrarca, Selections
from the Canzoniere and Other Works, trans. Mark Musa (Oxford: OUP,
1985), pp.1-10. For an online translation, click here.
Petrarch, Francesco, The Secret, ed. and trans. Carol E. Quillen (New
York: Bedford St Martin's, 2003) For an online translation of Dialogue I,
click here.
Cellini, Benvenuto, My Life, ed. and trans. Julia Conaway Bondanella and
Peter Bondanella (Oxford: OUP, 2002).
Martin, John Jeffries, 'Inventing Sincerity, Refashioning Prudence: The
Discovery of the Individual in Renaissance Europe', American Historical
Review, 102 (1997), pp.1309-1317.
Cardano and Montaigne
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Cardano, Girolamo, The Book of My Life, trans. Jean Stoner with an
introduction by Anthony Grafton (New York: The New York Review of
Books, 2002).
Montaigne, Michel de, The Complete Essays, ed. and trans. M.A. Screech
(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1993): 'To the Reader'; 'To Philosophize is to
Learn How to Die' (I, 20); 'On Habit' (I, 23); 'On Educating Children' (I,
26); 'On the Inconstancy of Our Actions' (II, 1); 'Of Practice' (II, 6); 'On
the Affection of Fathers for their Children' (II, 8); 'On Books' (II, 10); 'On
Giving the Lie' (II, 18); 'On Some Lines of Virgil' (III, 5); 'On
Physiognomy' (III, 12); 'On Experience' (III, 13). [For online translations,
click here and here).
Visual Self-Portraits
12
Lorenzo Ghiberti 1425-1452
Leonardo da Vinci c. 1512
Jan van Eyck 1433
Caterina van Hemessen 1548
Leon Battista Alberti c. 1435
Maerten
1553
Jean Fouquet 1450
Sofonisba Anguissola
and c. 1556
Andrea Mantegna (figure on the right) c. 1460
Titian 1550-1562 and c. 1566
.
Sandro Botticelli (figure on the right) 1475
Lavinia Fontana 1577
Albrecht Durer 1484, 1498, 1500, c. 1505, 1522 Tintoretto
1588.
Tullio Lombardo 1490-1510
van
c.
Heemskerck
1547
1555
and
c.
Annibale Carracci c. 1604
E-resources
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Cellini, Benvenuto, La Vita, ed. Guido Davico Bonino (Turin 1973)
Montaigne, Michel de, Essais. Livre premier & second. (Bordeaux, 1580)
Montaigne, Michel de, Essais. The complete, searchable text of the VilleySaulnier edition.
Francesco Petrarch and Laura de Noves
For the works of Benvenuto Cellini, click here and here.
Artcyclopedia
Web Gallery of Art
Renaissance Faces: Van Eyck to Titian. Exhibition at the National Gallery from 15
October 2008 to 18 January 2009.
Further Reading
General
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Burckhardt, Jacob, The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, trans.
S.G.C. Middlemore, ed. Peter Burke (Harmondsworth, 1990) [Especially
Part II 'The Development of the Individual' and Part IV 'The Discovery of
the World and of Man'].
Burke, Peter, 'Representations of the Self from Petrarch to Descartes', in
Roy Porter, ed., Rewriting the Self: Histories from the Renaissance to the
Present (London, 1997), pp. 17-28.
13
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Greenblatt, Stephen, Renaissance Self-Fashioning from More to
Shakespeare (Chicago, 1980).
Martin, John Jeffries, 'The Myth of Renaissance Individualism', in Guido
Ruggiero, ed., A Companion to the Worlds of the Renaissance (Oxford,
2002), pp. 208-224.
Martin, John Jeffries, Myths of Renaissance Individualism (Basingstoke,
2004).
Taylor, Charles, Sources of the Self: The Making of the Modern Identity
(Cambridge, 1989).
Weintraub, Karl Joachim, The Value of the Individual: Self and
Circumstance in Autobiography (Chicago, 1978) [Chapters on Petrarch,
Cellini, Cardano, and Montaigne].
Petrarch and Cellini
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Enenkel, Karl, 'Modelling the Humanist: Petrarch's "Letter to Posterity"
and Boccaccio's Biography of the Poet Laureate', in K.A.E. Enenkel et al.,
Modelling the Individual: Biography and Portrait in the Renaissance
(Amsterdam, 1998), pp. 11-50.
Gallucci, Margaret A., Benvenuto Cellini: Sexuality, Masculinity and Artisitc
Identity in Renaissance Italy (London, 2003).
Gardner, Victoria C., ‘Homines Non Nascuntur, Sed Figuntur: Benvenuto
Cellini’s Vita and Self-Presentation of the Renaissance Artist’, Sixteenth
Century Journal, 28 (1997), 447-465.
Goldberg, Jonathan, ‘Cellini’s Vita and the Conventions of Early
Autobiography', MLN 89/1 (1974), 71-83.
Mann, Nicholas, 'From Laurel to Fig: Petrarch and the Structures of the
Self', Proceedings of the British Academy 105 (1999), 17-42.
Mann, Nicholas, Petrarch (Oxford, 1985).
Mazzotto, Giuseppe, The Worlds of Petrarch (Durham, NC, 1993)
[Especially Chapter 3: 'The Canzoniere and the Language of the Self'].
Pope-Hennessy, John, Cellini (London, 1985).
Price Zimmerman, T.C., 'Confession and Autobiography in the Early
Renaissance', in Anthony Molho and John A. Tedeschi, eds, Renaissance
Studies in Honor of Hans Baron (DeKalb, IL, 1971), pp. 119-140.
Stock, Brian, 'Reading, Writing, and the Self: Petrarch and His
Forerunners', New Literary History 26/4 (1995), 717-730.
Rossi, Paolo L., ‘Sprezzatura, Patronage, and Fate: Benvenuto Cellini and
the World of Words’, in P. Jacks, Vasari’s Florence: Artists and Literati at
the Medicean Court, (Cambridge 1998), pp.55-69
Rossi, Paolo L., ‘The Writer and the Man - Real Crimes and Mitigating
Circumstances - il caso Cellini’, in Trevor Dean and K.J.P. Lowe, eds,
Crime, Society and the Law in Renaissance Italy, (Cambridge, 1994), pp.
157-183.
Trinkaus, Charles, The Poet as Philosopher: Petrarch and the Formation of
Renaissance Consciousness (New Haven, 1979).
Wilkins, Ernest H., 'On the Evolution of Petrarch's Letter to Posterity',
Speculum, 39 (1964), pp.304-308.
Zimmerman, T.C. Price, 'Confession and Autobiography in the Early
Renaissance', in Anthony Molho and John A. Tedeschi, eds, Renaissance
Studies in Honor of Hans Baron (Dekalb, Ill., 1971), pp.119-140.
Cardano and Montaigne
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Baldwin, Geoff, 'Individual and Self in the Later Renaissance', The
Historical Journal, 44 (2001), 341-364.
14
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Brush, Craig B., From the Perspective of the Self: Montaigne's Self-Portrait
(New York, 1994).
Burke, Peter, Montaigne (Oxford, 1981).
Davis, Natalie Zemon, 'Boundaries of the Sense of Self in SixteenthCentury France', in T.C. Heller, et al., eds, Reconstructing Individualism:
Autonomy, Individuality and the Self in Western Thought (Stanford, CA,
1986), pp. 53-63.
Glidden, Hope H., 'The Face in the Text: Montaigne's Emblematic SelfPortrait (Essais III:12)', Renaissance Quarterly 46/1 (1993), 71-97.
Grafton, Anthony, Cardano's Cosmos: The Worlds and Works of a
Renaissance Astrologer (Cambridge, Mass., 2000) [Especially Chapter 10].
Regosin, Richard L., The Matter of My Book: Montaigne's Essais as the
Book of the Self (Berkeley, 1977).
Sayce, R.A., The Essays of Montaigne: A Critical Exploration (Evanston,
Ill., 1972).
Van Galen, Anne C.E., 'Body and Self-Image in the Autobiography of
Gerolamo Cardano', in K.A.E. Enenkel et al., Modelling the Individual:
Biography and Portrait in the Renaissance (Amsterdam, 1998), pp. 133152.
Visual Self-Portraits





Bohn, Babette, 'Female Self-Portraiture in Early Modern Bologna',
Renaissance Studies 18/2 (2004), 239-286.
Brown, Katherine T., The Painter's Reflection: Self-Portraiture in
Renaissance Venice, 1458-1625 (Florence, 2000).
Garrard, Mary D., 'Here's Looking at Me: Sofonisba Anguissola and the
Problem of the Woman Artist', Renaissance Quarterly 47/3 (1994), 556622.
Koerner, Joseph Leo, The Moment of Self-Portraiture in German
Renaissance Art (Chicago, 1997).
Woods-Marsden. Joanna, Renaissance Self-Portraiture: The Visual
Construction of Identity and the Social Status of the Artist (New Haven,
1998).
15
TOPIC 5: RENAISSANCE CITIES
Lectures


Public Buildings
Private Buildings
Seminar Questions




Why did Florentines build family palaces?
How significant were institutions as patrons of architecture in Renaissance
Florence?
What motivated institutions' patronage of architecture in Renaissance
Venice?
Why did Venetians build villas?
Key Texts




Vasari, Giorgio, 'Life of Filippo Brunelleschi' in Giorgio Vasari, The Lives of
the Artists, ed. and trans. George Bull, 2 vols (Harmondsworth: Penguin,
1987), I, pp. 133-73. [For an online translation, click here]
Vasari, Giorgio, 'Life of Michelozzo Michelozzi' in Giorgio Vasari, The Lives
of the Artists, ed. and trans. George Bull, 2 vols (Harmondsworth:
Penguin, 1987), II, pp. 34-47. [For an online translation, click here]
Vasari, Giorgio, 'Life of Jacopo Sansovino' in Giorgio Vasari, The Lives of
the Artists, ed. and trans. George Bull, 2 vols (Harmondsworth: Penguin,
1987), II, pp. 310-33. [For an online translation, click here]
Palladio, Andrea, The Four Books of Architecture, trans Robert Tavernor
and Richard Schofield (Cambridge, Mass., 1997) [First Book, Foreword to
the Readers (pp. 5-6); First Book, Chapter One (pp. 6-7); Second Book,
Chapter One (p. 77); Third Book, Foreword to the Readers (pp. 163-64);
Fourth Book, Foreword to the Readers (p. 213)]
E-resources
General


Renaissance Architecture
Serlio's Architettura. 671 images online.
Florence





Leon Battista Alberti. Descriptions and images of his buildings.
Filippo Brunelleschi. Descriptions and images of his buildings.
The Dome of Brunelleschi. To download an audio guide, click here.
Michelozzo. Descriptions and images of his buildings.
For virtual panoramas of key Florentine buildings, click here.
Venice
16




Palaces in Venice. Descriptions and images of 241 palaces.
Palladio and the Veneto. Descriptions and images of all Palladio's
buildings.
Palmanova. A Renaissance ideal city.
For virtual panoramas of key Venetian buildings, click here.
Further Reading
General








Braunfels, Wolfgang, Urban Design in Western Europe: Regime and
Architecture, 900-1900, trans. Kenneth J. Northcott (Chicago and London,
1988).
de Vries, Jan, ‘Renaissance Cities’, Renaissance Quarterly 42 (1989), 781793.
Heydenreich, Ludwig H., Architecture in Italy 1400-1500 (New Haven,
1996).
Hollingsworth, Mary, Patronage in Renaissance Italy: From 1400 to the
Early Sixteenth Century (London, 1994).
Hollingsworth, Mary, Patronage in Sixteenth-Century Italy (London,
1996).
Hope, Charles, 'Can You Trust Vasari?', The New York Review of Books
42/15 (5 October 1995), 10-13.
Lotz, Wolfgang, Architecture in Italy 1500-1600 (New Haven, 1995).
Serlio, Sebastiano, Serlio on Domestic Architecture (New York, 1997).
Florence


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





Alberti, Leon Battista, On the Art of Building in Ten Books, with a
Foreword by Angelo Poliziano, trans. Neil Leach and Robert Tavernor
(Cambridge, Mass., 1991).
Brown, B., ‘An Enthusiastic Amateur: Lorenzo de’ Medici as Architect’,
Renaissance Quarterly 46 (1993), 1-22.
Burke, Jill, Changing Patrons: Social Identity and the Visual Arts in
Renaissance Florence (University Park, PA, 2004).
Elam, Caroline, ‘Lorenzo de’ Medici and the urban development of
Renaissance Florence’, Art History 1.1 (1978), 43-66.
Fraser-Jenkins, A.D., ‘Cosimo de’ Medici’s patronage of architecture and
the theory of magnificence’, Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld
Institutes 33 (1970), 162-170. JSTOR
Goldthwaite, Richard A., Banks, Palaces and Entrepreneurs in Renaissance
Florence (Aldershot, 1995).
Goldthwaite, Richard A., The Building of Renaissance Florence: An
Economic and Social History (Baltimore, 1982).
Goldthwaite, Richard A., 'The Florentine Palace as Domestic Architecture',
American Historical Review 77 (1972), 977-1012.
Goldthwaite, Richard A., Wealth and the Demand for Art in Italy, 13001600 (Baltimore, 1993), pp. 176-243 [pp. 176-212 online]
Goy, Richard, Florence: The City and Its Architecture (London, 2002).
Hollingsworth, Mary, 'The Architect in fifteenth-century Florence', Art
History 7 (1984), 385-410.
Kent, F.W., ‘Individuals and Families as Patrons of Culture in Quattrocento
Florence’, in A. Brown (ed.), Language and Images of Renaissance Italy
(Oxford, 1995), pp. 171-192.
17
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
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







Kent, F.W., Lorenzo de’ Medici and the Art of Magnificence (Baltimore,
2004).
Kent, F.W., ‘Palaces, Politics and Society in 15th century Florence’, I Tatti
Studies, 2 (1987), pp.41-70.
Kent, F.W., ‘“Più superba de quella di Lorenzo”: Courtly and Family
Interest in the Building of Filippo Strozzi’s Palace’, Renaissance Quarterly
30 (1977), 311-323.
King, Ross, Brunelleschi’s Dome: The Story of the Great Cathedral in
Florence (London, 2001).
Pacciani, Ricardo, Renaissance Architecture in Florence (Milan, 2002).
Paoletti, John T., ‘Strategies and structures of Medici artistic patronage in
the 15th century’, in The Early Medici and their Artists, ed. Frances AmesLewis (London, 1995), pp. 19-36.
Pellechia, Linda, 'The Patron's Role in the Production of Architecture:
Bartolomeo Scala and the Scala Palace', Renaissance Quarterly 42 (1989),
258-291.
Preyer, Brenda, 'The "chasa overo palagio" of Alberto di Zanobi: A
Florentine Palace of about 1400 and Its Later Remodeling', The Art
Bulletin 65 (1983), 387-401.
Preyer, Brenda, ‘Planning for Visitors at Florentine Palaces’, Renaissance
Studies 12 (1998), 357-374.
Rubinstein, Nicolai, The Palazzo Vecchio, 1298-1532: Government,
Architecture and Imagery in the Civic Palace of the Florentine Republic
(Oxford, 1995).
Saalman, Howard, and Philip Mattox, 'The First Medici Palace', Journal of
the Society of Architectural Historians 44 (1985), 329-345.
Trachtenberg, Marvin, Dominion of the Eye: Urbanism, Art and Power in
Early Modern Florence (Cambridge, 1997).
Zervas, Diane Finiello, The Parte Guelfa, Brunelleschi and Donatello
(Locust Valley, 1987).
Zucconi, Guido, Florence: An Architectural Guide (Verona, 1995).
Venice












Ackerman, James S., Palladio (Harmondsworth, 1991).
Beltramini, Guido, et al., Andrea Palladio: The Complete Illustrated Works
(New York, 2001).
Boucher, Bruce, Andrea Palladio: The Architect in His Time (New York,
1994).
Concina, Ennio, A History of Venetian Architecture, trans. Judith Landry
(Cambridge, 1998).
Cooper, Tracy E., Palladio's Venice: Architecture and Society in a
Renaissance Republic (New Haven, 2005).
Cosgrave, Denis, The Palladian Landscape (University Park, PA, 1993).
Fortini Brown, Patricia, ‘Behind Closed Doors: The Material Culture of
Venetian Elites’, in Venice Reconsidered: The History and Civilization of an
Italian City-State, 1297-1797, ed. John Martin and Dennis Romano
(Baltimore, 2000), pp. 295-338.
Fortini Brown, Patricia, Venice and Antiquity: the Venetian Sense of the
Past (New Haven, 1996)
Goy, Richard, Building Renaissance Venice: Patrons, Architects and
Builders, c. 1430-1500 (New Haven, 2006).
Goy, Richard, Venice: The City and Its Architecture (London, 1999).
Howard, Deborah, The Architectural History of Venice (New Haven, 2004).
Howard, Deborah, Jacopo Sansovino: Architecture and Patronage in
Renaissance Venice, 2nd ed. (New Haven, 1987).
18
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








Humfrey, P., and R. Mackenney, ‘The Venetian Trade Guilds as Patrons of
Art in the Renaissance’, Burlington Magazine 128 (1986), 317-330.
Huse, Norbert, and Wolfgang Wolters, The Art of Renaissance Venice:
Architecture, Sculpture and Painting, 1460-1590, trans. Edmund Jephcott
(Chicago, 1993).
Palladio, Andrea, The Four Books on Architecture, ed. and trans. Robert
Tavernor and Richard Schofield (Cambridge, Mass., 2002).
Pincus, Debra, ‘Venice and the Two Romes’, Artibus et Historiae 26
(1992), 101-114.
Romano, Dennis, ‘Aspects of Patronage in Fifteenth- and SixteenthCentury Venice’, Renaissance Quarterly 46 (1993), 712-733.
Rosand, David, Myths of Venice: The Figuration of a State (Chapel Hill,
NC, 2001).
Tafuri, Manfredo, Venice and the Renaissance, trans. Jessica Levine
(Cambridge, Mass., 1995).
Tavernor, Robert, Palladio and Palladianism (New York, 1991).
Woolf, S.J., ‘Venice and the Terraferma: Problems of the Change from
Commercial to Landed Activities’, in Brian Pullan (ed.), Crisis and Change
in the Venetian Economy in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
(London, 1968), pp.175-203.
Wundram, Manfred, et al., Palladio: The Complete Buildings (Cologne,
2004).
Zucconi, Guido, Venice: An Architectural Guide (Venice, 1995).
19
TOPIC 6: PRINCES AND REPUBLICS
Lectures


Renaissance States
Ancient and Modern in Renaissance Political Thought
Seminar Questions




What is the nature of Machiavelli's relationship to classical authors in The
Prince?
What are the most important attributes of the prince according to
Machiavelli?
What is the nature of Machiavelli's relationship to classical authors in the
Discourses?
According to Machiavelli, in what ways is a republic more desirable than a
principality?
Key Texts


Machiavelli, Niccolò, The Prince, ed. and trans. Peter Bondanella and Mark
Musa (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998) [For an online translation,
click here]
Machiavelli, Niccolò, Discourses on Livy, ed. and trans. Julia Conaway
Bondanella and Peter Bondanella (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003)
[For an online translation, click here]
E-resources



Machiavelli, Niccolò, Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio. [For an
online edition and concordance, click here]
Machiavelli, Niccolò, De principatibus. [For an online edition and
concordance, click here]
'Machiavelli and the Italian City-States'. In Our Time. BBC Radio
programme, Thursday 9 December 2004.
Further Reading




Barlow, J.J., 'The Fox and the Lion: Machiavelli replies to Cicero', History
of Political Thought 20/4 (1999), 627-645.
Bock, Gisela, Quentin Skinner, and Maurizio Viroli, eds, Machiavelli and
Republicanism (Cambridge, 1990).
Coby, J. Patrick, Machiavelli's Romans: Liberty and Greatness in The
Discourses on Livy (Lanham, MD, 1999).
Colish, Marcia, L., 'Cicero's De Officiis and Machiavelli's Prince', Sixteenth
Century Journal 9/4 (1978), 80-93.
20
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
Cox, Virginia, 'Machiavelli and the Rhetorica ad Herennium: Deliberative
Rhetoric in The Prince', Sixteenth Century Journal 28/4 (1997), 11091141.
Fontana, B., 'Sallust and the Politics of Machiavelli', History of Political
Thought 24/1 (2003), 86-108.
Gilbert, Felix, 'Bernardo Rucellai and the Orti Oricellari', Journal of the
Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 12 (1949), 101-131.
Gilbert, Felix, 'The Composition and Structure of Machiavelli's Discorsi',
Journal of the History of Ideas 14/1 (1953), 136-156.
Gilbert, Felix, History: Choice and Commitment (Cambridge, Mass., 1977).
Gilbert, Felix, 'The Humanist Concept of the Prince and the Prince of
Machiavelli', The Journal of Modern History 11/4 (1939), 449-483.
Gilbert, Felix, Machiavelli and Guicciardini: Politics and History in
Sixteenth-Century Florence (New York, 1984).
Godman, Peter, From Poliziano to Machiavelli: Florentine Humanism in the
High Renaissance (Princeton, NJ, 1998).
Hankins, James, 'Humanism and the Origins of Modern Political Thought',
in Jill Kraye, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Renaissance Humanism
(Cambridge, 1996), pp. 118-141. [also online]
Hexter, J.H., 'Seyssel, Machiavelli, and Polybius vi: The Mystery of the
Missing Translation', Studies in the Renaissance 3 (1956), 75-96.
Hörnqvist, Mikael, Machiavelli and Empire (Cambridge, 2004)
Jones, Philip J., 'Communes and Despots: The City State in Late-Medieval
Italy', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th ser., 15 (1965),
71-96.
Jurdjevic, Mark, 'Machiavelli's Hybrid Republicanism', English Historical
Review 122 (2007), 1228-1257.
Kirshner, Julius, ed. The Origins of the State in Italy, 1300-1600 (Chicago,
1996)
Machiavelli, Niccolò, and Francesco Guicciardini, The Sweetness of Power:
Machiavelli's 'Discourses' and Guicciardini's 'Considerations', ed. and
trans. James B. Atkinson and David Sices (DeKalb, IL, 2002).
Mansfield, Harvey, Jr., Machiavelli's New Modes and Orders (Ithaca, NY,
1979).
Mansfield, Harvey, Jr., Machiavelli's Virtue (Chicago, 1996).
Najemy, John M., ‘Political Ideas', in Guido Ruggiero, ed., A Companion to
the Worlds of the Renaissance (Oxford, 2002), pp. 384-402.
Najemy, John M., 'Politics and Political Thought', in Jonathan Woolfson,
ed., Palgrave Advances in Renaissance Historiography (Basingstoke,
2005), pp. 270-297.
Newell, W.R., 'How Original is Machiavelli?: A Consideration of Skinner's
Interpretation of Virtue and Fortune', Political Theory 15/4 (1987), 612634.
Newell, W.R., 'Machiavelli and Xenophon on Princely Rule: A Double-Edged
Encounter', The Journal of Politics 50/1 (1988), 108-130.
Olmstead, Wendy, 'Exemplifying Deliberation: Cicero's De Officiis and
Machiavelli's Prince', in Walter Jost and Wendy Olmstead, eds, Companion
to Rhetoric and Rhetorical Criticism (Oxford, 2004), pp. 173-189.
Skinner, Quentin, The Foundations of Modern Political Thought, 2 vols
(Cambridge, 1978) [Especially I, Chapters 5 and 6].
Skinner, Quentin, Machiavelli: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford, 2000).
Stacey, Peter, Roman Monarchy and the Renaissance Prince (Cambridge,
2007)
Viroli, Maurizio, Machiavelli (Oxford, 1998).
Wood, Neal, 'Some Common Aspects of the Thought of Seneca and
Machiavelli', Renaissance Quarterly 21/1 (1968), 11-23.
21
TOPIC 7: COURTS AND COURTIERS
Lectures


Renaissance Courts
Castiglione’s Courtier
Seminar Questions




How were courts organized in early modern Europe?
What were the functions of early modern courts?
What are the most important attributes of the courtier according to
Castiglione?
What does The Book of the Courtier tells us about the nature of the Italian
courts in the early sixteenth century?
Key Texts




Adamson, John, 'The Making of the Ancien-Regime Court, 1500-1700', in
John Adamson, ed., The Princely Courts of Europe: 1500-1750 (London,
2000), pp.7-41, 314-320. Scanned copy
Asch, Ronald G., 'The Court: Prison or Showcase of Noble Life?' in Ronald
G. Asch, Nobilities in Transition 1550-1700: Courtiers and Rebels in Britain
and Europe 1550-1700 (London, 2003), pp.80-100, 192-99. Scanned
copy
Asch, Ronald G., ‘Introduction: Court and Household from the Fifteenth to
the Seventeenth Century’, in Ronald G. Asch and A.M. Birke, eds, Princes,
Patronage and the Nobility: The Court at the Beginning of the Modern Age
(c. 1450-1650) (Oxford, 1991), pp. 1-39.
Castiglione, Baldesar, The Book of the Courtier, ed. Daniel Javitch, trans.
Charles S. Singleton (New York: Norton, 2002) [For an online copy of Sir
Thomas Hoby's 1561 English translation, click here]
E-resources







Baldesar Castiglione, Il libro del Cortegiano, ed. Giulio Preti (Turin, 1965)
The Estense Court Archive
Europa delle Corti
Renaissance Festival Books
The Society for Court Studies
Urbino, the Palazzo Ducale
Urbino (UNESCO site)
Further Reading
General
22
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
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
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


Adamson, John, ed., The Princely Courts of Europe: Ritual, Politics and
Culture under the Ancien Régime 1500-1750 (London, 2000).
Burke, Peter, The Fortunes of the Courtier: The European Reception of
Castiglione’s Cortegiano (Cambridge, 1995).
Dean, Trevor, ‘The Courts’, The Journal of Modern History 67,
Supplement: The Origins of the State in Italy, 1300-1600 (1995), S136151.
Duindam, Jeroen, Vienna and Versailles: The Courts of Europe's Major
Dynastic Rivals, 1550-1780 (Cambridge, 2003)
Elias, Norbert, The Civilizing Process, trans. Edmund Jephcott (1939;
Oxford, 2000).
Elias, Norbert, The Court Society, trans. Edmund Jephcott (New York,
1983).
Elliott, J.H., and L.W.B. Brockliss, eds, The World of the Favourite (New
Haven, 1999).
Gosman, Martin, et al., Princes and Princely Culture, 1450-1650 (Leiden,
2003).
Knecht, Robert, The French Renaissance Court (New Haven, 2008)
Mateer, David, ed., Courts, Patrons and Poets (New Haven, 2000).
Starkey, David, The English Court from the Wars of the Roses to the Civil
War (London, 1987)
Castiglione

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
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


Abulafia, David, (ed.), The French Descent into Renaissance Italy, 149495: Antecedents and Effects (Aldershot, 1995)
Brown, Alison, ‘Rethinking the Renaissance in the Aftermath of Italy’s
Crisis’, in John Najemy, ed., Italy in the Age of the Renaissance (Oxford,
2004), pp. 246-265.
Burke, Peter, The Fortunes of the Courtier: The European Reception of
Castiglione’s Cortegiano (Cambridge, 1995).
Cavallo, JoAnn, 'Joking Matters: Politics and Dissimulation in Castiglione's
Book of the Courtier', Renaissance Quarterly 53/2. (2000), 402-424.
Cole, Alison, The Art of the Italian Renaissance Courts (New York, 2005).
Cox, Virginia, The Renaissance Dialogue. Literary Dialogue in its Social
and Political Contexts, Castiglione to Galileo (Cambridge, 1992).
Guerzoni, Guido, Administrative Knowledge and Renaissance Courts: The
Este Case in XVIth Century.
Hanning, Robert W., and David Rosand, eds, Castiglione: The Ideal and
the Real in Renaissance Culture (New Haven, 1983).
Kolsky, Stephen, Courts and Courtiers in Renaissance Northern Italy
(Aldershot, 2003).
Kolsky, Stephen, 'Making and Breaking the Rules: Castiglione’s
Cortegiano', Renaissance Studies 11/4 (1997), 358-380.
Mateer, David, ed., Courts, Patrons and Poets (New Haven, 2000).
Rebhorn, Wayne A., Courtly Performances: Masking and Festivity in
Castiglione’s Book of the Courtier (Detroit, 1978).
Saccone, Eduardo, ‘The Portrait of the Courtier in Castiglione’, Italica 64.1
(1987), 1-18 JSTOR
Shaw, Christine, ed., Italy And the European Powers: The Impact of War,
1500-1530 (Aldershot, 2006)
Woodhouse, J.R., Baldesar Castiglione: A Reassessment of ‘The Courtier’
(Edinburgh, 1978).
Zimmermann, T. C. Price, Paolo Giovio : the historian and the crisis of
sixteenth-century Italy (Princeton, N.J., 1995)
23
TOPIC 8: RENAISSANCE AND REFORM
Lectures


Christian Humanism
Erasmus, More, and Reform
Seminar Questions




What is the nature of Erasmus' relationship to his sources in The Praise of
Folly?
How far is The Praise of Folly a political, religious, and social polemic?
What is the nature of More's relationship to his sources in Utopia?
Can Utopia be taken seriously as policy for reform?
Key Texts


Erasmus, The Praise of Folly, ed. Robert M. Adams (New York: Norton,
1990) [For an online translation, click here]
More, Thomas, Utopia, ed. Robert M. Adams and George M. Logan
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002) [For an online translation,
click here]
E-resources











A Bibliography of Thomas More's Utopia
Center for Thomas More Studies
Erasmus Center for Early Modern Studies
Holbein, Ambrosius, The Island of Utopia. Woodcut from the 1518 Basel
edition.
Holbein,
Hans,
the
Younger,
marginal
illustration
to Erasmus' own copy of The Praise of Folly.
Holbein, Hans, the Younger, Folly at the Pulpit. Marginal illustration to a
copy of the 1515 edition.
Holbein, Hans, the Younger, Folly Steps down from the Pulpit. Marginal
illustration to a copy of the 1515 edition.
More, Thomas, Utopia. A digitized copy of the 1518 Basel edition.
nomen-erasmi Internet discussion list on Erasmus, Renaissance
humanism, and related topics.
'Paganism in the Renaissance'. In Our Time. BBC Radio programme,
Thursday 16 June 2005.
Utopian Writing, 1516-1798
Further Reading
General
24





Cameron, Euan, The European Reformation (Oxford, 1991).
MacCulloch,
Diarmuid,
Reformation:
Europe's
House
Divided
(Harmondsworth, 2004).
McGrath, Alister, Reformation Thought: An Introduction, 3rd ed. (Oxford,
1999).
Marsh, David, Lucian and the Latins: Humor and Humanism in the Early
Renaissance (Ann Arbor, MI, 1999).
Pettegree, Andrew, ed., The Reformation World (London, 2001).
Erasmus












Adams, Robert P., 'Erasmus' Ideas of his Rôle as a Social Critic ca. 14801500', Renaissance News 11/1 (1958), 11-16.
Gavin, J. Austin, and Thomas M. Walsh, 'The Praise of Folly in Context:
The Commentary of Girardus Listrius', Renaissance Quarterly 24/2
(1971), 193-209.
Kaiser, Walter, Praisers of Folly: Erasmus, Rabelais, Shakespeare
(Cambridge, Mass., 1963).
Kristeller, Paul Oskar, 'Erasmus from an Italian Perspective', Renaissance
Quarterly 23/1 (1970), 1-14.
McConica, James 'Erasmus', in James McConica et al., Renaissance
Thinkers: Erasmus, Bacon, More, and Montaigne (Oxford, 1993).
Miller, Clarence H., 'Introduction', in Desiderius Erasmus, The Praise of
Folly, trans. with an introduction and commentary by Clarence H. Miller,
2nd ed. (New Haven, 2003), pp. ix-xxv.
Miller, Clarence H., 'Some Medieval Elements and Structural Unity in
Erasmus' The Praise of Folly', Renaissance Quarterly 27/4 (1974), 499511.
Rebhorn, Wayne A., 'The Metamorphoses of Moria: Structure and Meaning
in The Praise of Folly', PMLA 89/3 (1974), 463-476.
Rummel, Erika, Erasmus (New York, 2004).
Watson, Donald Gwynn, 'Erasmus' Praise of Folly and the Spirit of Carnival
', Renaissance Quarterly 32/3 (1979), 333-353.
Wesseling, Ari, 'Dutch Proverbs and Ancient Sources in Erasmus's Praise
of Folly', Renaissance Quarterly, 47/2 (1994), 351-78.
Williams, Kathleen, ed., Twentieth-Century Interpretations of The Praise of
Folly: A Collection of Critical Essays (Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1969).
More




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




Baker-Smith, Dominic, More's 'Utopia' (London, 1991).
Bradshaw, Brendan, 'More on Utopia', The Historical Journal 24 (1981), 127.
Branham, Bracht, 'Utopian Laughter: Lucian and Thomas More', Moreana
86 (1985), 23-53.
Guy, John, Thomas More (London, 2000).
Heiserman, A.R., 'Satire in the Utopia', PMLA 78/3 (1963), 163-74.
Hexter, J.H., More's 'Utopia': The Biography of an Idea (New York, 1965).
Kenny, Anthony, 'Thomas More' in James McConica et al., Renaissance
Thinkers: Erasmus, Bacon, More, and Montaigne (Oxford, 1993).
Kristeller, Paul Oskar, 'Thomas More as a Renaissance Humanist', Moreana
65/66 (1980), 5-22.
Logan, George M., The Meaning of More's 'Utopia' (Princeton, NJ., 1983).
McCutcheon, Elizabeth, 'More's Utopia and Cicero's Paradoxa Stoicorum',
Moreana 86 (1985), 3-22.
25
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

Parrish, John Michael, 'A New Source for More's Utopia', The Historical
Journal 40/2 (1997), 493-498.
Raitiere, Martin N., 'More's Utopia and The City of God', Studies in the
Renaissance 20 (1973), 144-168.
Skinner, Quentin, The Foundations of Modern Political Thought, 2 vols
(Cambridge, 1978) [Especially I, Chapters 8 and 9].
Skinner, Quentin, 'More's Utopia', Past and Present 38 (1967), 153-168.
Skinner, Quentin, 'Sir Thomas More's Utopia and the Language of
Renaissance Humanism', in Anthony Pagden, ed., The Languages of
Political Theory in Early-Modern Europe (Cambridge, 1987), pp.123-57.
White, Thomas I., 'Aristotle and Utopia', Renaissance Quarterly 29/4
(1976), 635-675.
White, Thomas I., 'Pride and the Public Good: Thomas More's Use of Plato
in Utopia', Journal of the History of Philosophy 20 (1982), 329-354.
Wooden, Warren W., 'Anti-Scholastic Satire in Sir Thomas More's Utopia',
Sixteenth Century Journal 8 no. 2 (1977), 29-45.
26
TOPIC 9: GENDER AND RACE
Lectures


Gender Roles
Racial Identities
Seminar Questions




'An ironic statement on patriarchal conventions of marriage'. Is this an
accurate description of The Taming of the Shrew?
'Shakespeare saw men and women as equal in a world which declared
them unequal'. Discuss this comment with reference to Much Ado About
Nothing.
'...The Merchant of Venice demonstrates that race was never solely
attached to skin colour, but also that skin colour was never too far from
any articulation of race' (Ania Loomba). Discuss.
'...Othello allows us to see that skin colour, religion, and location were
often contradictorily yoked together within ideologies of "race", and that
all of these attributes were animated by notions of sexual and gender
difference' (Ania Loomba). Discuss.
Key Texts




Shakespeare, William, Much Ado About Nothing, ed. Sheldon P. Zitner
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993) [For an online edition, click here].
Shakespeare, William, The Taming of the Shrew, ed. Ann Thompson
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003) [For an online edition,
click here].
Shakespeare, William, The Merchant of Venice, ed. J.L. Halio (Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 1998) [For an online edition, click here].
Shakespeare, William, Othello, ed. Michael Neill (Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 2006) [For an online edition, click here].
Film versions




Much Ado About Nothing (1993), dir. Kenneth Branagh.
The Taming of the Shrew (1967), dir. Franco Zeffirelli.
The Merchant of Venice (2004), dir. Michael Radford.
Othello (1952), dir. Orson Welles.
E-resources
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
Digital Facsimile of the First Folio, 1623
The Royal Shakespeare Company
The Shakespeare Birthplace Trust
Shakespeare's Globe
27
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
Shakespeare in Quarto. On this site you can read the British Library’s 93
copies of the 21 plays by William Shakespeare printed in quarto before the
theatres were closed in 1642.
Annotated guide to the scholary resources on Shakespeare available on
the Internet.
Further Reading
General

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D'Amico, Jack, Shakespeare and Italy: The City and the Stage
(Gainesville, FL, 2001).
Gillespie, Stuart, Shakespeare's Books: A Dictionary of Shakespeare
Sources (London, 2001).
Marrapodi, Michelle, et al., Shakespeare's Italy: Functions of Italian
Locations in Renaissance Drama (Manchester, 1993).
Martindale, Charles, and Michelle Martindale, Shakespeare and the Uses of
Antiquity (London, 1990).
Martindale, Charles, and A.B. Taylor, eds, Shakespeare and the Classics
(Cambridge, 2004).
Miola, Robert, Shakespeare's Reading (Oxford, 2000).
Smith, Bruce R., Shakespeare and Masculinity (Oxford, 2000).
Shakespeare and Gender
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Aspinall, Dana E., ed., The Taming of the Shrew: Critical Essays (London,
2002).
Bamber, Linda, Comic Women, Tragic Men: A Study of Gender and Genre
in Shakespeare (Stanford, 1982) [Especially Chapter 1].
Boose, Lynda E., 'Scolding Brides and Bridling Scolds: Taming the
Woman's Unruly Member,' Shakespeare Quarterly 42 (1991), 179-213.
Brown, Pamela Allen, Better a Shrew than a Sheep: Women, Drama, and
the Culture of Jest in Early Modern England (Ithaca, NY, 2003).
Callaghan, Dympna, ed., A Feminist Companion to Shakespeare (Oxford,
2001).
Dolan, Frances E., ed., The Taming of the Shrew: Texts and Contexts
(Boston, 1996).
Gay, Penny, As She Likes It: Shakespeare's Unruly Women (London,
1994).
Kahn, Coppelia, 'The Taming of the Shrew: Shakespeare's Mirror of
Marriage', Modern Language Studies 5 (1975), 88-102.
Miola, Robert, Shakespeare and Classical Comedy: The Influence of
Plautus and Terence (Oxford, 1994).
Novy, Marianne L., 'Patriarchy and Play in The Taming of the Shrew',
English Literary Renaissance 9/2 (1979), 264-280.
Rackin, Phyllis, Shakespeare and Women (Oxford, 2005).
Schneider, Gary, 'The Public, the Private, and the Shaming of the Shrew',
Studies in English Literature 42/2 (2002), 235-258.
Underdown, David, 'The Taming of the Scold: the Enforcement of
Patriarchal Authority in Early Modern England', in Anthony Fletcher and
John Stevenson, eds, Order and Disorder in Early Modern England
(Cambridge, 1985), pp. 116-136.
Wells, Robin Headlam, Shakespeare on Masculinity (Cambridge, 2000).
[Introduction]
28


Wynne-Davies, Marion, ed., 'Much Ado About Nothing' and 'The Taming of
the Shrew' (Basingstoke, 2001).
For more bibliography on gender, click here and here.
Shakespeare and Race

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
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
Alexander, Catherine M.S., and Stanley Wells, eds, Shakespeare and Race
(Cambridge, 2000).
Bartels, Emily C., 'Making more of the Moor: Aaron, Othello, and
Renaissance Refashionings of Race', Shakespeare Quarterly 41/4 (Winter
1990), 433-454.
Bartels, Emily C., 'Too Many Blackamoors: Deportation, Discrimination,
and Elizabeth I', Studies in English Literature 1500-1900 46/2 (2006),
305-322.
D'Amico, John, The Moor in English Renaissance Drama (Tampa, FL,
1991).
Burton, Jonathan, and Ania Loomba, eds, Race in Early Modern England: A
Documentary Companion (Basingstoke, 2007)
Earle, T.F., and K.J.P. Lowe, eds, Black Africans in Renaissance Europe
(Cambridge, 2005).
Hall, Kim F., 'Othello and the Problem of Blackness', in Richard Dutton and
Jean F. Howard, eds, A Companion to Shakespeare's Works: The
Tragedies (Oxford, 2003), pp. 357-374.
Hall, Kim F., Things of Darkness: Economies of Race and Gender in Early
Modern England (Ithaca, NY, 1995).
Lindsay Kaplan, M., ed., The Merchant of Venice: Texts and Contexts
(Boston, 2002).
Loomba, Ania, Shakespeare, Race, and Colonialism (Oxford, 2002).
Neill, Michael, '"Mulattos", "Blacks", and "Indian Moors": Othello and Early
Modern Constructions of Human Difference', Shakespeare Quarterly 49
no. 4 (1998), 361-374.
Shapiro, James, Shakespeare and the Jews (New York, 1996).
Vaughan, Virginia Mason, Othello: A Contextual History (Cambridge,
1994).
Wells, Robin Headlam, Shakespeare on Masculinity (Cambridge, 2000).
[Chapter 3 on Othello].
See also the articles on race by David Brion Davis, Alden T. Vaughan and
Virgina Mason Vaughan, Emily C. Bartels, and Benjamin Braude in The
William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser. 54/1 (January 1997) .
29
TOPIC 10: SATIRE AND SUBVERSION
Lectures


Renaissance Satire
Rabelais and Cervantes
Seminar Questions




How is learning portrayed in Books I and II of Gargantua and Pantagruel?
How is the Church presented in Books I and III of Gargantua and
Pantagruel?
What attitudes to books and learning are expressed in Don Quixote?
How are different social groups depicted in Don Quixote?
Key Texts


Rabelais, Francois, Gargantua and Pantagruel, ed. and trans. M.A. Screech
(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 2006). [For an online translation, click here]
Cervantes, Miguel de, Don Quixote, ed. and trans. John Rutherford
(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 2003). [For an online translation, click here]
E-resources







Cervantes, Miguel de, Don Quixote (Madrid, 1605-1615). Digital scans of
the 1605 edition.
Cervantes, Miguel de, Obras completas, ed. Florencio Sevilla Arroyo and
Antonio Rey Hazas (Alcalá de Henares, 1993-1995)
The Cervantes Project . A comprehensive reference and research site
dedicated to the study of Cervantes' works and life.
'Don Quixote'. In Our Time. BBC Radio programme,Thursday 16 March
2006.
H-Cervantes. Discussion list and resources.
Rabelais, Francois, Gargantua (Lyons, 1542).
Rabelais, Francois, Pantagruel (Lyons, 1542).
Further Reading
General



Seidel, Michael, Satiric Inheritance: Rabelais to Sterne (Princeton, NJ,
1979).
Blanchard, W. Scott, Scholars' Bedlam: Menippean Satire in the
Renaissance (London, 1995).
Marsh, David, Lucian and the Latins: Humor and Humanism in the Early
Renaissance (Ann Arbor, MI, 1999).
30

Rummel, Erika, The Humanist-Scholastic Debate in the Renaissance and
Reformation (Cambridge, Mass., 1998).
Rabelais



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













Bakhtin, Mikhail, Rabelais and His World, trans. Helene Iswolsky
(Bloomington, IN, 1968).
Berrong, Richard M., Rabelais and Bakhtin (Lincoln, 1986).
Bowen, Barbara C., Enter Rabelais, Laughing (Nashville, TN, 1998).
Bowen, Barbara C., Humour and Humanism in the Renaissance
(Aldershot, 2004).
Carron, Jean-Claude, ed., François Rabelais. Critical Assessments
(Baltimore, MD, 1995).
Cave, Terence, The Cornucopian Text: Problems of Writing in the French
Renaissance (Oxford, 1979) [Chapter on Rabelais].
Coleman, Dorothy Gabe, Rabelais: A Critical Study in Prose Fiction
(Cambridge, 1971).
Defaux, Gerard, 'Rabelais and the Monsters of Antiphysis', MLN 110/5
(1995), 1017-1042.
Eskin, Stanley G., 'Mythic Unity in Rabelais', PMLA 79/5 (1964), 548553.
Greene, Thomas M., Rabelais (Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1970).
Heath, Michael J., Rabelais (Tempe, AZ, 1996).
La Charité, Raymond C., ed., Rabelais’s Incomparable Book: Essays on
His Art (Lexington, KY, 1986).
Lebègue, Raymond, 'Rabelais, the Last of the French Erasmians', Journal
of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 12 (1949), 91-100.
Parkin, John, Interpreting Rabelais (Lewiston and Lampeter, 1993).
Posner, David M., 'The temple of reading: architectonic metaphor in
Rabelais', Renaissance Studies 17/2 (2003), 257-274.
Schutz, A.H., 'Why Did Rabelais Satirize the Library of Saint-Victor?',
Modern Language Notes 70/1 (1955), 39-41.
Schwartz, Jerome , Irony and Ideology in Rabelais: Structures of
Subversion (Cambridge, 1990).
Screech, M.A., Rabelais (London, 1979).
Cervantes









Bauer, Rachel Noël, Madness and Laughter: Cervantes's Comic Vision in
Don Quixote (Ph.D. diss., University of Vanderbilt, 2007)
Canavaggio, Jean, Cervantes, trans. J.R. Jones (New York, 1991).
Cascardi, Anthony J., ed., The Cambridge Campanion to Cervantes
(Cambridge, 2002).
Casey, James, Early Modern Spain: A Social History (London, 1999).
Cervantes, Fernando, 'Cervantes in Italy: Christian Humanism and the
Visual Impact of Renaissance Rome', Journal of the History of Ideas 66/3
(2005), 325-350.
Cervantes, Miguel de, 'The Glass Graduate', in Miguel de Cervantes,
Exemplary Stories, trans. Lesley Lipson (Oxford, 1998), pp.106-31.
Close, Anthony J., Cervantes: Don Quixote (Cambridge, 1990).
de Armas Wilson, Diana, Cervantes, the Novel, and the New World
(Oxford, 2001).
Elliot van Liere, Katherine, 'Humanism and Scholasticism in SixteenthCentury Academe: Five Student Orations from the University of
Salamanca', Renaissance Quarterly 53/1 ( 2000), 57-107.
31









Foucault, Michel, The Order of Things: An Archaeology of Human Sciences
(New York, 1970) [Chapter 3].
Gilman, Stephen, The Novel According to Cervantes (Berkeley, 1989).
[also online]
Gonzalez Echevarria, Roberto, Cervantes’ Don Quixote: A Casebook
(Oxford, 2005)
Johnson, Carroll B., Don Quixote: The Quest for Modern Fiction (Boston,
2000).
Mancing, Howard, Cervantes' Don Quixote: A Reference Guide (Westport,
CT, 2006)
Parr, James A., Don Quixote: An Anatomy of Subversive Discourse
(Newark, NJ, 1988).
Parr, James A., Don Quixote, Don Juan, and Related Subjects: Form and
Tradition in Spanish Literature 1330-1630 (Selinsgrove, 2005).
Riley, E.C., Don Quixote (London, 1986).
Thompson, I. A. A., and Bartolomé Yun Casalilla, eds. The Castilian Crisis
of the Seventeenth Century: New Perspectives on the Economic and Social
History of Spain (Cambridge, 1994).