73C
Ten Frames
Mathematical Practices
SMP2, SMP3, SMP6, SMP7
Content Standards
K.CC.3, K.CC.4a, K.CC.4b,
K.CC.4c, K.CC.5, K.CC.6, K.OA.4
Objective
To use ten frames to explore numbers and
number relationships through 10.
Whole Group
Small Group
Key Concepts and Skills
• Use understanding of one-to-one correspondence and cardinality to count and create sets of objects.
[Number and Numeration Goal 2]
•
•
•
•
Represent numbers on a ten frame. [Number and Numeration Goal 3]
Use a ten frame to explore benchmarks of 5 and 10. [Number and Numeration Goal 5]
Compare numbers and sets. [Number and Numeration Goal 6]
Identify pairs of numbers that add to 10. [Operations and Computation Goal 1]
Terms to Use ten frame
Materials Teaching Aid Masters (Math Masters, pp. 103–103B); counters
Planning Tip Make a copy of
Math Masters, page 103 for each
child. Also copy and cut apart one
set of ten-frame cards (Math
Masters, pages 103A and 103B) for
every child or pair of children. If
possible, laminate or use cardstock
for durability.
Name
Core Activities
► Exploring Ten Frames
Date
Ten Frame
(Math Masters, pp. 103–103B)
Give each child a ten frame (Math Masters, page 103) and ten counters. Explain that it
is called a ten frame. Orient the ten frame horizontally and put one counter in each box,
starting at the top left. Fill the top row from left to right, and then repeat in the bottom
row. Invite children to do the same. Lead children in counting the counters aloud to
reinforce the total number of 10.
Have children clear their ten frames. Then dictate and write a number between 1 and 5
and direct children to use counters to show that number on their ten frames, reminding
them to start at the top left. Ask children what they notice about the ten frames. If no
one brings it up, highlight that only the top row has counters. Ask: How many more
counters do you need to get to 5 (to fill the top row)? How many more do you need to get
Copyright © Wright Group/McGraw-Hill
A
Partners
Center
103
Math Masters, p. 103
to 10? How do you know? If necessary, remind them that the ten frame has 10 spaces
and guide them to count the empty spaces to find how many they need to get to 10.
Next, have children use counters to show a number between 6 and 10 on their ten
frames. Again, ask what they notice. Ask: Is the number more than 5? How many more
than 5? How many more counters do you need to get to 10? Repeat for several numbers.
Hold up several cards from Math Masters, pages 103A–103B and ask children what
numbers they represent. Next, give each child or pair a set of ten-frame cards and have
them do some or all of the following:
Choose a card, identify the number it represents and how much more to make 10.
NOTE When using ten frames,
routinely ask children how they
know what number is represented.
Promote discussion of a variety of
strategies. Some children may not
be ready for it yet, but look for
someone to share the strategy of
using benchmarks of 5 or 10 (“I
noticed it was 5 and 2 more, so I
said 5, 6, 7” or “I noticed that it
was two less than 10”).
Choose a card and identify the numbers right before and right after.
Choose two cards and decide which is greater and which is less. (Discuss children’s
strategies for determining this.)
Choose a number-collection bag from Activity 1-5 and line up the objects in the bag
on the ten-frame card that matches the bag number.
Put ten-frame cards in the Math Center and encourage children to continue these
activities and make up others to do with the ten-frame cards.
► Exploring Shape Combinations
(Revisit Activity 115, p. 73A; Math Masters, pp. 5A–5H)
Place Shape-Card Puzzles or Pattern-Block Puzzles in the Math Center.
B
Teaching Options
4 pennies in the left hand and
6 pennies in the right hand
EXTRA PRACTICE
► Exploring Ten Pennies with Two Hands
(Math Masters, p. 103)
Give children 10 pennies, 2 wipe-off markers, and a laminated copy of Math Masters, p. 103.
Model how to divide the pennies between their two hands and record their results on the ten
frame. They should mark spaces in one color to match the number of pennies in their left
hand and mark spaces in the other color to match the number of pennies in their right hand.
73D
Activity 1 16 Ten Frames
Copyright © Wright Group/McGraw-Hill
103A
Date
Name
Ten-Frame Cards (0–5)
Name
Date
Copyright © Wright Group/McGraw-Hill
Ten-Frame Cards (6–10 and Blank)
103B