Name_____________________________________________________period________ Unit 14 worksheet: acids/bases
1. Name each of the following and label them as a weak/strong acid or weak/strong base
b. Ca(OH) 2
a. H 3 PO 4
a.Phosphoric acid, weak
d. nitric acid, strong
c. Al(OH) 3
d. HNO 3
b.calcium hydroxide, strong base
e. ammonia, weak base
e. NH 3
f. LiOH
c. aluminum hydroxide, weak
f. lithium hydroxide, strong
2. What are some properties of acids? Taste sour
3. What are some properties of bases? Taste bitter, slippery
4. Explain the difference between a monoprotic , diprotic and triprotic acid and give an example of each.
Monoprotic has one H (HCl), diprotic has 2 H (H 2 SO 4 ), triprotic has 3 H (H 3 PO 4 )
5. Which of the following has the highest concentration of [H+]? 0.1 M HCl or 0.1 M HF
6. Which of the following has the highest concentration of [H 3 O+]? 2.0 M HNO 2 or 2.0 M HBr
7. What is the [H+] in each?
a. 0.5 M HCl 0.5 M
b. 0.002 M HNO 3 0.002 M
8. What is the [OH-] in each?
a. 0.5 M NaOH 0.5M
b. 0.03 M Ca(OH) 2 0.06M
HCN + H 2 O ↔ H 3 O+ + CNHCl H+ + Cl10. Which of the solutions has the lowest pH? 2.0 M HCl, 3.0 M HBr, 4.0 M HNO 3 , 4.0 M HF
9.
11. Which of the solutions has the highest pH? 2.0 M HCl, 3.0 M HBr, 4.0 M HNO 3 , 4.0 M HF
12. Which of the solutions has the lowest pH? 2.0 M NaOH, 3.0 M KOH, 4.0 M LiOH, 4.0 M NH 3
13. Which of the solutions has the highest pH? 2. 0 M NaOH, 3.0 M KOH, 4.0 M LiOH, 4.0 M NH 3
14. What is the pH of a 1 x 10-3 M HNO 3 solution? 3
15. What is the pH of a 0.0034 M HNO 3 solution? 2.5
16. What is the pH of a 1 x 10-2 M NaOH solution? 12
17. What is the pH of a 0.0054 M NaOH solution? 11.7
18. What is the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution with a pH of 5? Is it an acid or a base?
1 x 10-5, acid
19. What is the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution with a pH of 6.63? Is it an acid or a base?
2.3 x 10-7 M acidic
20. What is the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution with a pH of 8? Is it an acid or base?
1 x 10 -6 M basic
21. What is the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution with a pH of 3.4? Is it an acid or base?
2.51 x 10-11, acid
22. Which of the following solutions would have the lowest pH?
0.10 M HCl, 0.009 M HNO 3 , 0.340 M HBr
23. What happens to the pH when the hydrogen ion concentration increases? decreases
24. Determine the pH of the following solutions and label if they are acidic or basic
a. [H+] = 1 x 10 -6
b. [OH-] = 1 x 10 -3
c. [H+] = 2.3 x 10 -3
6, acid
11, base
2.64, acid
e. pOH = 11
f. pOH = 3.4
d. [OH-] = 3.4 x 10 -6
8.5; basic
3, acid
10.6, basic
+
25. Determine the [H ] for the following solution and label if they are acidic or basic
a. [OH-] = 1 x 10 -8
b. [OH-] = 2.3 x 10 -6
c. pH = 2
-6
1 x 10 , acidic
4 x 10 -9 , basic
1 x 10 -2, acidic
d. pOH = 5
e. pH = 3.4
f. pOH = 4.2
1 x 10 -9, basic
4.0 x 10 -4, acidic
1.6 x 10 -10, basic
26. How many mL of 0.340 M HBr would be needed to titrate 14.91 mL of 0.265 M Mg(OH) 2 ?
23.2 mL
27. What is the concentration of sulfuric acid solution if 34.1 mL of it is needed to reach the endpoint when titrated
with 14.3 mL of 0.876 M aluminum hydroxide?
0.55 M
28. What is the concentration of a hydrobromic acid solution if 13 mL are needed to react with 34 mL of a 0.89 M
sodium hydroxide solution?
2.3 M
Review:
29. a. Write a balanced reaction when magnesium metal reacts with hydrobromic acid
Mg + 2HBr  MgBr 2 + H 2
b. How many moles of each product are produced if 5.4 mol of magnesium react?
5.4 mol of magnesium bromide and 5.4 mol of hydrogen
30. a. Write a balanced reaction when nitric acid react with aluminum hydroxide
3HNO 3 + Al(OH) 3  3H 2 O + Al(NO 3 ) 3
b. How many grams of nitric acid are needed to react with 2.3 mol of aluminum hydroxide?
430 g
31. Tell the shape of each, tell if they are polar or nonpolar, tell what intermolecular forces hold them together, and
tell which one would have the lowest boiling point.
a. H 2 O
b. NH 3
c. CH 4
Bent
trigonal pyramidal
tetrahedral
Polar
polar
nonpolar
Hydrogen bond and LD
hydrogen bond and LD
London dispersion
CH 4 has the lowest boiling point
32. What is the difference between and exothermic and endothermic reaction?
Exothermic releases energy and feels warm; endothermic absorbs energy and feels cold
33. H 2 + F 2 <-> 2HF ΔH -538 kJ
a. Will raising the temperature cause the amount of product to increase? No
b. How will the equilibrium shift if hydrogen is added to the reaction? right
c. How will the equilibrium shift if HF is removed from the reaction? right
d. What will happen to the amount of hydrogen if the temperature is decreased? decreases
e. Will the temperature of the surroundings increase or decrease as the reaction moves forward? increase
34. If 1 mol of each of the solutes listed below is dissolved in 1 kg of water, which solute will have the greatest effect
on the freezing point of its respective solution?
a. KBr
b. C 6 H 12 O 6
c. MgCl 2
d. CaSO 4
35. d