WÄRTSILÄ
Multi‐fuel capability, high efficiency, and creating flexibility with Generation Resources: Internal Combustion Engines
John Robbins
[email protected]
Office 503 432‐8335
Cell 503 720‐3081
About Wärtsilä
Power PLANTs
MARINE
Services
• Started in 1834, HQ Helsinki
• $6 billion annual sales
• 19,000 employees in over 70 countries
• 650 employees US / Canada
• ENGINE MANUFACTURER
These are two stroke, “Slow Speed” engines. For powering ships like the “Emma Maersk”
Power Plants – 4 stroke engines
Typical exterior and interior
Wärtsilä Power Plants Worldwide
Europe
Output: 12.3 GW
Plants: 1802
USA
+2,500 MW Total Output:
56.2 GW
Plants: 4,742
Engines: 10,802
Countries: 170
Asia
Output: 19.8 GW
Plants: 1662
Americas
Output: 11.5 GW
Plants: 405
Flexible baseload
Grid stability & peaking
Industrial self‐generation Oil & gas
Africa & Middle East
Output: 12.6 GW
Plants: 873
Wärtsilä Dual Fuel Engines
20V34DF
18V50DF
8,439 kWe
17,076 kWe
Heat Rate (HHV)*
8,711 Btu/kWh
8,697 Btu/kWh
Speed
720 rpm
514 rpm
42’ x 11’ x 15’
143 US tons
63’ x 18’ x 21’
391 US tons
Output
Dimensions
(L/WH)
* At generator terminals (0% tolerance) when operating on
natural gas with 1% liquid pilot fuel
Fuel flexibility
Multi‐fuel solutions which can flexibly change
between fuels (liquid and gas) on‐line.
Solutions for:
– Natural gas and biogases with back‐up fuel
– Liquid fuels (LBF, LFO, HFO)
– Renewable fuels
– Fuel conversions Dual‐Fuel applications ‐ References
Power
Plants
DF Power Plant
 67 installations
 354 engines
 Output 4600 MW
 Online since1997
Merchant
Offshore
LNGC
• 141 vessels
• 567 engines
OSV’s
• 31 vessels
• 96 engines
Multigas Carrier
• 5 vessels
• 20 engines
Production
• 2 platform
• 9 FPSO’s
• 1 FSO
• 40 engines
Conversion
• 1 Chem. Tanker
• Ro‐Ro
• 2 vessels
• 8 engines
Cruise
and Ferry
Navy
Others
LNG Cruise ferry
• 1 vessels
• 4 engines
• Complete gas
train
Coastal Patrol
• DF-propulsion
• DF main and
auxiliary
engines
TUG
• 2 vessel
• 2 engines each
• Mechanical
drive
Guide Ship
• 1 vessel /engine
IWW
• 2 vessel
• 3 engines
LNG ferries
• 5 ferries
• 20 engines
• Complete gas train
 6 segments  > 1,000 engines  > 9,500,000 running hours
© Wärtsilä
What are grid operators looking for?
Survey of 33 grid operators, 72% of global wind capacity
0%
Flexible Generation!
20%
40%
60%
80% 100%
From Figure 38, Jones, LE (2013) http://www1.eere.energy.gov/wind/pdfs/doe
_wind_integration_report.pdf
Flexibility vs. Electrical Efficiency
50%
Net
Electrical CCGT’s
Efficiency
ICE
CC
ICE
SC
AeroGT’s
40%
Coal
Industrial
GT’s
Starting time
Ramp rate
Part load operation
Nuclear
Flexibility
30%
Low
Medium
High
Loading sequences for different power plants
5 minutes to full load!
Load %
100
Load %
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
Additional power from
Wärtsilä plant
60
50
40
60
50
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
Coal Fired power plant
Combined Cycle power plant (GTCC) Industrial GT power plant (GTSC) 12.5/25min
30
35
40
45
50
55
Aeroderivative GT power plant (GTSC) (6/10min)
Combustion Engine power plant (1min)
mins
0
Operational Flexibility ‐ Fast Start
90 seconds to sync, <2.5 minutes to 30% load, 5 minutes to full load
800
5
100
700
80
500
60
3
400
4
30%
300
40
1. Start up conditions
200
+ HT‐water temperature >158°F 2. Start up preparations
3. Speed acceleration and synchronisation
4. Loading within 3.5 min
5. Full power reached within 5 min
100
1
2
0
0
Start signal
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
360
Time / sec
.
Minimum up‐time 0 minutes, shutdown 1 minute, minimum down time 5 minutes 390
20
0
Power / %
Speed / rpm
600
Best simple cycle efficiency
Highest simple cycle electrical efficiency (> 46%)
Engines have high part load efficiency
High plant efficiency over a wide load range
Typical net plant heat
rate of 8300 Btu/kWh
HHV at 95 °F
Efficiency
Multi‐engine solution allows for a excellent part load
efficiency with a plant turn down ratio of 30%
Part load efficiency
Net Plant
Efficiency 45
%
(%)
N‐3 units
N‐2 units
N‐1 units
N units
10 Recip Engines
40
35
30
25
20
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
Plant Load (%)
75
80
85
Note: Gas turbine performances by GTPro / 15 °C / 10 bar Natural Gas
15
90
95
100
%
No start penalties & No start‐up costs
Unlimited starts & stops with no impact on cost or maintenance schedule.
This is unique, no other competing technology offers the same.
Dispatcher’s dream plant
Plains End 227 MW
Colorado
Minimum water use
Engine plants minimize not only fuel but also
water consumption thereby providing major
environmental benefits. These plants use a
closed loop cooling system that requires
minimal water
Simple Cycle water consumption = 2 gal/engine/week
17
Low pressure gas
Engine power plants use low pressure natural gas (85 psig). No need for aux. gas compressor or high pressure gas line
Aesthetics
Powerhouse design makes the project look like a warehouse.
No visible smoke, fumes or steam release
19 © Wärtsilä October 29, 2015 M. Harrer Case study: Plains End, CO
‐ Wind generation drops from 700 MW to 350 MW during 1 hour
Screen shot from Colorado Dispatch Center, Xcel Energy, USA
PLAINS END GENERATING FACILITY
CO, USA
Type:
Grid stability
Engines: 20 x Wärtsilä 18V34SG
14 x Wärtsilä 20V34SG
Total output: 227 MW
Fuel:
Natural gas
Installed:
2002 and 2008
The Plains End Generation facility is balancing
Colorado’s 1000 MW wind power capacity
Remote controlled from Colorado Dispatch
Center
Grid stability Power Plants based on reciprocating gas engine gensets is started,
providing fast reaction to the change (red and white curves)
Availability and reliability
22x18V50SG
MW
Firm capacity
Days
CCGT (2-2-1)
MW
Firm capacity
Days
Comparison
W34SG
OPERATIONAL TREND DATA FOR WÄRTSILÄ 34SG
97.7
100
99.6
97.2
98.9
98.0
99.5
90
80
70
60
Availability %
50
Reliability %
40
MTTR (hours)
30
20
10
1.4
1.6
0
2010
2011
Starting reliability: 99%
22 © Wärtsilä 29 October 2015
1.7
2012
Recent Wärtsilä Flexible Power Plants









Plains End I / II, Colorado, 227 MW
Barrick, Nevada, 116 MW
Midwest Energy, Kansas, 76 MW
STEC Pearsall Texas 203 MW
STEC 2, Texas, 221 MW
Golden Spread Texas 170 MW
PG&E Port Westward, Portland 220 MW
Pacific Gas, Humboldt Bay CA 163 MW
Matanuska Electric Alaska 171 MW
171 MW, Palmer, Alaska, USA
Eklutna Generating Station
Customer
Matanuska Electric Association (Utility)
Type
Wärtsilä 50DF multi‐fuel power plant
Operating mode
Flexible baseload
Gensets
10 x Wärtsilä 18V50DF
Total output
171 MW
Fuel
Natural gas, LFO
Scope
Equipment Delivery
” In the event of a natural disaster such as an earthquake, these engines can switch fuels without a hiccup.”
Delivered
2015
Joe Griffith, MEA General Manager
WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS
Wärtsilä Smart Power Generation ‐ Hawaii
Hawaiian Electric Company, Oahu (pending PUC approval)
6 x 20V34DF – 50 MW
25 © Wärtsilä 29 October 2015
34DF
162 MW, Eureka, California, USA
Humboldt Bay Power Plant
Customer
Pacific Gas & Electric Co (Utility)
Type
Wärtsilä 50DF multi‐fuel power plant
Operating mode
Flexible baseload
Gensets
10 x Wärtsilä 18V50DF
Total output
162 MW
” Our technology offers high simple cycle efficiency Fuel
Natural gas, LFO
Scope
EPC
Delivered
2011
on full and part load as well as other ancillary service benefits that make the Wärtsilä solution a natural choice for this operation.”
WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS
Frank Donnelly, Vice President, Power Plants, Wärtsilä North America
220 MW, Clatskanie, Oregon, USA
The Port Westward Unit 2
Customer
Portland General Electric Company
(Utility)
Type
Wärtsilä 50SG gas power plant
Operating mode
Peaking & Renewable Integration
Gensets
12 x Wärtsilä 18V50SG
Total output
220 MW
Fuel
Natural gas
Scope
EEQ
Delivered
2014
WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS
49 MW, Modesto, California, USA
The Woodland 3 Generating Station
Customer
Modesto Irrigation District
Type
Wärtsilä 34SG gas power plant
Operating mode
Peaking & Renewable Integration
Gensets
6 x Wärtsilä 20V34SG
Total output
49 MW
Fuel
Natural gas
Scope
EEQ
Delivered
2011
WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS
” Not only have the Wärtsilä units allowed MID to maximize its usage of renewable energy, it has optimized the efficiency of
MID’s entire generation portfolio.”
Martin Caballero
MID AB1257 Staff Workshop Responses
231 MW, Plains End I and II, Golden, Colorado
Plains End I and II
Customer
TYR Energy (IPP)
Type
Wärtsilä 34SG gas grid stability
Operating mode
Peaking & Renewable Integration
Gensets
20 x Wärtsilä 18V34SG, 14 x Wärtsilä 20V34SG
Total output
118 MW, 113 MW
Fuel
Natural gas
Scope
EPC (I), Equipment Delivery (II)
Delivered
2001, 2006
WÄRTSILÄ POWER PLANTS
” During breakfast and dinner hours demand increases and the plant follows this perfectly. This is the way. This is the future.”
Kent L. Fickett, former Senior Vice President of PG&E National Energy Group (predecessor of NEGT)